专题10 动词的时态和语态备战中考之破解英语丢分题原卷版.docx

1、专题10 动词的时态和语态备战中考之破解英语丢分题原卷版（2017 四川南充）Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there.No, it cant be her. She _ to Beijing.A. has gone B. has been C. went D. will go【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查动词的时态。句意：看！你的老师怀特小姐在那边。不，那肯定不是她。她去了北京。A. has gone去了某地，表示该人不在说话地点； B. has been去过某地，表示主语曾经去过某地，有这种经历；C. went过去式，去；D. will go

2、将来时态，将要去。根据前面的否定猜测，可知怀特小姐去了北京，故选A。此题学生容易做错的原因是分不清has gone to和has been to的用法： sombody has gone to +表示地点的名词：意思某人去了某个地方(有可能在还在路上，有可能到达了某个地方，但是还没有回来)Tom has gone to America. 汤姆去了美国（有可能还在去美国路上，有可能已经抵达美国）somebody has been to + 表示地点的名词：意思某人曾经过去过地方（但是现在已经不在那个地方了）Tom has been to America. 汤姆曾经过去过美国（现在已经不在美国了）

3、现在完成时中been to，gone to和been in/at been to去过某地，表示某人的一种经历，可以和once，twice，already，ever，never等连用。 She has been to Shanghai twice. (表示目前人在这里) gone to 去某地了，说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的途中或已在某地。 She has gone to Shanghai. (表示现在她人不在这里) 她已经去了上海。 been in/at 逗留在某地(已经一段时间)，常和for ten days，since I came here等连用。She has been in Sh

4、anghai since she moved there. 自从她搬到那以后，她就一直住在上海。 （2017 安徽）I am surprised at the new look of my hometown, for it _ a lot over the years. A. changed B. changes C. will change D. has changed【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查动词的时态的用法。句意：对我的家乡的新面貌我感到吃惊，因为这几年它变化很大。A. changed改变，过去式；B. changes第三人称单数形式；C. will change一般将来时；D.

5、has changed现在完成时。over the years指最近几年即从过去到现在的几年，所以用现在完成时，故选D。此题考查现在完成时，现在完成时是中考常考的考点，考生掌握住现在完成时的用法，是做对这类题的关键。现在完成时用法1. 现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。I have already posted the photo. 我已经把照片寄走了。强调post对现在的影响照片不在这里。2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)，常

6、与for(+时间段)，since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如：He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)注意：for和since的用法。for + 时间段 译为：时间since + 过去一个时间点(译为：自从以来)since + 时间段 + agosince + 从句(过去时)It is + 时间段 + since + 从句(过去时)注意：瞬间动词(buy, die, join, lose.)与for 或since引导的时间段连用时，要改变成延续性动词

7、。变化如下：come/arrive/reach/get tobe in go outbe out finishbe over openbe open diebe dead buyhave Fall illbe ill Come backbe back Put onbe on/wear Worrybe worried Catch a coldhave a cold现在完成时连用的时间状语现在完成时是一个与过去和现在都有关系的时态，因此，具有这样时间特点的状语都可以与现在完成时连用。1. 与表示一段时间的状语连用，如for+时间段，since+时间点。如：We have lived in this

8、 city for more than 40 years. 我们在这个城市已生活了40多年。We have lived in this city since 1958. 我们从1958年起就住在这个城市里。学科%网从以上两个例句我们可以看出，与表示一段时间的状语连用时，谓语动词常为stay, live, teach, learn, work, sleep, read, wait, keep等具有延续意义的动词。2. 与笼统地表示过去的时间状语连用，如already, never, ever, just等。如：Ive just found this library book. 我刚刚找到这本图书

9、馆的书。How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice. 她唱得多美啊！我还从来没听到过比这更优美的嗓音。3. 与表示包含过去和现在的一整段时间的状语连用，如lately, recently, in the past few years, these few years, these days, up to now, so far等。如：How have you been recently? 你近来状况如何？The famous writer has written a new book in the past two

10、years. 那位著名的作家在过去两年的时间里写了一本新书。Have you seen her parents these days? 这些天你看见她的父母了吗？The Browns have visited a lot of places in China so far. 迄今为止，布朗一家已经参观了中国的许多地方。注意：现在完成时不能与单纯表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, in 2002, three days ago等现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1. 侧重点不同现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去，但它们所强调的重点不同：现在完成时侧重于对现

11、在的影响；而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间，即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果，而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。如：I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。（现在我仍记得电影的内容）I saw the film three days ago. 三天前我看了这部电影。（强调是三天前，而不是别的什么时候看的电影）Mr Green has bought a new computer. 格林先生买了一台新电脑。（着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑）Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday. 格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。（强调

12、的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天）2. 时间状语不同现在完成时常与already，yet，just，ever，never，before等副词以及for+段时间，since+过去时间/从句等时间状语连用；而一般过去时则常与时间段+ago，just now，yesterday，last week等表示过去的时间状语连用。如：She has lived here since two years ago. 她两年前就住在这里了。She lived here two years ago. 两年前她住在这里。He has been in the League for three years. 他入团已经三

13、年了。Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 昨晚汤姆给他的父母写了封信。（2017 山东泰安）With the development of science and technology, robot cooks _ in our families in the future.A. appear B. appeared C. will appear D. is appearing【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查将来时的用法。句意：随着科学和技术的发展，机器人煮饭机在未来将出现在我们的家庭中。A. appear出现，动词原形；B. appea

14、red 动词过去式；C. will appear 将来时态；D. is appearing现在进行时。根据时间，可知用将来时，故选C。此题考查一般将来时的用法，此句的主语是robot cooks，为物，且由in the future可知此处用一般将来时，又因appear不用于被动语态，所以此处用will appear。故选C。考生掌握住不用被动语态的几种情况，更容易作对这类题。被动语态的特殊情况：1. 不能用被动语态的几种情况：（1）所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态。（2）表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit等。（3）表

15、示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。（4）表示希望、意图的动词，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。（5）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。2. 主动形式表被动意义的情况：（1）系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel，sound，taste，book，feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 （2）当cut，sell，read，write，fill，cook，lock，wash，drive，keep等词带状语修饰语时。（3）当break out、take place、shut off、t

16、urn off、work out等动词词组表示发生、关闭、制定等意思时。（4）want，require，need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。（5）be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。（6）在be + 形容词 + to do中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。1. has gone to和has been to的区别和用法；2. 现在完成时用法；3. 被动语态的特殊情况。1. （2017 云南省昆明市中考） Did you do anything interesting las

17、t Sunday?Not really. I just _ at home.A. stay B. stayed C. will stay D. am staying2. （2017 苏州市中考） Excuse me, what time does Flight BA 2793 leave?Just a minute. I _ for you. A. check B. checked C. will check D. havc checked3. （2017 四川成都）Did you hear someone knock at the door just now? Sorry. I _ to m

18、y friend on the phone.A. was talking B. talked C. am talking4. （2017 安徽）Mr. Green _ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well. A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites5. （2017 苏州市中考）Why hasnt Tony come?The invitation letter _ to Toby by accidentA. was emailed B. has emailed C.

19、is emailed D. emailed 6. （2017 山东青岛）Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they _ to drive a car.A. are allowed B. will be allowed C. allow7. （2017 山东泰安） As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _ in more and more schools out of our country.A. teaches B. is taught C. has taught D. was taught8

20、. （2017 上海中考）Some exchange students _ with their host families this time yesterday. A. are chatting B. will chat C. were chatting D. have chatted9. （2017 上海中考）Several journalists _ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.A. interview B. interviewed C. will interview D. had interviewed10.

21、 （2017 上海中考）The museum _ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival.A. is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated11. （2017 湖北省随州市中考）Your bedroom is so clean.Of course. It _ every day. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned12. （2017 湖北省随州市中考）What _ i

22、f they _ to the meeting late?Sorry, I dont know.A. will happen; go B. happened; go C. happens; will go D. will happen; will go13. （2017 湖北省随州市中考）Did you watch the football match on TV last night?I wanted to, but my father _ his favorite TV program. A. watched B. watches C. was watching D. had watche

23、d14. （2017 湖北省宜昌市中考）How many children do most post-80s families have?One. They _ two in the future, I guess.A. will have B. had C. have D. have had15. （2017 湖北省宜昌市中考）Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety _ into use last month.Can you tell me what they are?A. were putting B. have been put C.

24、were put D. put16. （2017 吉林省中考）Both Lily and Lucy _ to the party yesterday, but they didnt come at all.A. were invited B. was invited C. invited17. （2017 江苏省宿迁市中考）My grandparents _ for over 60 years and they love each other very much.A. have been married B. got married C. were married D. have got ma

25、rried18. （2017 四川省宜宾市中考）I dont know when he _ back. Please tell me when he _ back.A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; comes1. （2017 江苏省镇江丹阳市中考二模）Mum, can I go to watch the movie Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 tomorrow?Sure, if your homework _.A. finish B. is finished C. will finish D.

26、will be finished2. （2015 广东省广州市番禺区九年级综合测试一模）If he _ harder, he will catch up with us soon.A. study B. studies C. will study D. studying3. （2017 新疆乌鲁木齐市第九十八中学中考四模）If Peter _, please ask him to leave a _.A. come; notice B. comes; message C. come; sentence D. comes; information4. （2017 广东省初中毕业生学业考试模拟）T

27、he documentary Under the Dome (苍穹之下) which _ by Chai Jing showed us that the air pollution in China was very serious.A. produces B. produced C. is produced D. was produced5. （2017 重庆市万盛经济技术开发区九年级上学期期末模拟）Smoking _ in the forest. It may cause a fire.A. is not allowed B. is allowed C. doesnt allow D. a

28、llows6. （2017 上海市黄浦区九年级4月学业模拟考试）More than six million guests _ Shanghai Disneyland Park since last June.A. visit B. visited C. were visiting D. have visited7. （2017 上海市黄浦区九年级4月学业模拟考试）Listen! Someone _ at the door. Please go and answer it.A. knocks B. is knocking C. has knocked D. was knocking8. Many

29、 parts of this car _ in less developed countries, like Thailand.A. produce B. produced C. are produced D. was produced9. （江西省赣州市信丰县2017年普通高中提前招生考试）Jenny, you are so beautiful in your new dress! Thanks! But I _ it for several times. A. wear B. will wear C. was wearing D. have worn10. （浙江省温州市龙湾区永中中学2017届九年级月考）Peter says Red Rock Canyon is a great place for rock climbing. Hes right. I _ there twice. A. was going B. went C. have been D. have gone11. （江苏省扬州市江都区宜陵镇中学2017届九年级