冠词讲解及练习题.docx

1、冠词讲解及练习题冠词（一）概说1冠词是一种虚词，不可以独立担当一个成分，只好附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。英语中有两个冠词：1）定冠词 the2）不定冠词 a/an2冠词的基本义义不定冠词 a/an 与数词 one 同源，表示 “一个 ”的意思，用在可数名词单数前。比如：She is a nurse她.是个护士。He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife他.是一位英国人，有一个爱尔兰老婆。定冠词 the，与 this 同源，有 “这（那）个 ”的意思，但比较弱，表示一（几）个特定的人或东西，有时可译作 “这个（些） ”或“那个（些） ”。比如：That

2、s the book you want这.就是你要的那本书。Who s the young man over there?那处那个年青人是谁？但在好多状况下， “这”或“那”这种词在译文中其实不出现。比如：Put it on the table. 把它放在桌上。Shut the door, please.请把门关上。3特指和泛指1/10一般来说，名词有特指和泛指两种状况，请比较下边的句子：A gentleman is asking to see you有.位先生要求见你。（泛指）Ask the gentleman to come in.请那位先生进来。（特指）在特指时一般前方要加定冠词，而泛指

3、时则有三种状况：1）在可数名词单数前加不定冠词。比如：She sent me a postcard 她寄给我一张明信片。2）在可数名词复数前可不加冠词，可使用 some, any 这种词。比如：These are new words.这些是生词。 She sent me some flowers她.送给我一些花。3）在不行数名词前多不加什么，有时也可加 some, any等。比如：It s lovely weather天气.真好。Do you want any sugar in your tea?你茶里要放点糖吗？Give us some help给.我们一些帮助。（二）不定冠词的基本用法1泛

4、指某一类人或事物中的一个，代表某一类型（不必定译为 “一”）比如： His father is a doctor.他父亲是医生。2代表某一类人或事物，相当于 any（+名词）（不用译为 “一”，但一定用a，表示类型）比如：A horse is a useful animal马.是实用的动物。3指某人或某物（不是指某一类），但不详细说明何人或何物（一般译为“一”）比如： This book was written by a worker.这本书是一位工人写的。2/104表示数目，有 “一”的意思，但数的观点没有 one 激烈（一般译为 “一”）比如： Wait a moment.等一下。5表示单

5、位，相当于 “每”的意思比如：We have three meals a day我.们每天吃三餐。6用于某此固定词组中比如：a few, a little, a bit (of), a lot of 等。（三）定冠词的基本用法1特指某（些）人或某（些）事物比如：Give me the book.把那本书给我。2指讲话两方都知道的人或事物比如：Where is the doctor?医生在哪儿？3再次提到上文提到过的人或事物比如：I bought a dictionary yesterday.昨天我买了一本字典。The dictionary is at home.字典在家里。4用在大家所熟习的、

6、世界上唯一无二的事物比如：The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun.地球比月亮大，但比太阳小。5用在序数词和形容词最高等前比如：Mr Wang teaches the first class.王先生上第一节课。Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth.在全部的恒星中，太阳离地球近来。6用在单数可数名词，表示某一类人或事物比如：3/10The horse is a useful animal马.是实用的动物。7与以下专闻名词连用1）在江、河、湖、海、群岛、

7、山脉的名称前比如：the Changjiang River, the Great Lake2）在姓氏的复数名词前，表示夫妻二人或全家人比如：The Greens are sitting at the breakfast table.8和某些形容词连用，表示一类人比如：the old 老人、 the young 年青人the rich 富人、 the poor 穷人the sick 病人、 the dead 死人9在一些习惯说法中：the east (west, south, north)in the morning (afternoon, evening)on the left (right)

8、in the endgo to the cinema（四）不用冠词的几种状况1在专闻名词，抽象名词和物质名词前比如：Have you ever been to Shanghai?你到过上海吗？We love science.我们喜好科学。2在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前比如：4/10Girls can be scientists女.孩子能够当科学家。3在季节、月份、礼拜、每日三餐的名称前比如：格林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁。 It is hot in summer.夏每日气热。It s Tuesday, August the 22nd今日.是八月二十二日，礼拜三。Have you had brea

9、kfast?你吃过早餐没有？4称号语或表示头衔，职务的名词前比如：What s the matter with you, Mike?怎么啦，迈克？He is headmaster of our school.他是我们学校的校长。5学科和球类运动的名称前比如：We study English我.们学习英语。Do you like to play football?你喜爱踢足球吗？6名词前已实用作定语的 this, that my, your, some, any, no, whose, every, each 等代词时，不用冠词比如：That is her bike.那是她的自行车。Each s

10、tudent in his class studies hard这.个班的每个学生都努力学习。7在某些固定词组的名词前比如：at home, at night, after school, by bus, in bed, in town,in front of, go to school, go to bed 等。三、随堂监测I.在以下句子的空格中填上适合的冠词，不需要的地方用 “ /表”示：1. This is _ old map. It is _ useful map.5/102.We have no classes in _ afternoon on _ Saturday.3._ spa

11、ceship flies at about eleven kilometers _second.4.Beijing is _ capital of _ China. It is _ beautiful city.5.Roman was not built in _ day.6.Chinese is quite _ difficult language for Mike.7.Many _ students will take _ active part in sports meet.8.There is _ interesting picture on _ wall.9.Jenny found

12、_ wallet lying on _ground. _ wallet was Mr. Black s.10.Which is _ biggest, _ sun, _ moon, or _ earth? 11.-Which picture is more beautiful?-_one on _ left, I think.12.-Which is _ way to _ hospital?-Go down this road and turn left on _ second crossing.13._ more, _ better.14._ Turners are sitting at br

13、eakfast table.15.Joe Hill was _ fighter for _ working class.16.When was _ People s Republic of China founded?17.In China _ first English textbooks were published in _late nineteenth century.18.After _ breakfast he went to _ school on _ foot.19._ Huanghe River lies in _ north of China.20.He likes pla

14、ying _ football. His sister likes playing _ piano.6/10II.单项选择：1.上学 A. go to school B. go to the school C. go to a school2.住院 A, in the hospital B. in a hospital C. in hospital3.现在 A. at the moment B. at a moment C. at moment4.在讲堂上 A. in class B. in a class C. in the class5.在地球上 A. on earth B. on an

15、earth C. on the earth6.步行 A. on foot B. on the foot C. on feet7.吃饭 A. at a table B. at the table C. at table8.乘公共汽车 A. take bus B. by bus C. by the bus9.在家 A. at the home B. at a home C. at home10.在工作 A. at work B. at the work C. at works11.跳高 A. jump high B. high jump C. the high jump12.坐飞机 A. by a

16、ir B. by the air C. on air13.乘火车 A. by the train B. by train C. on train14.在校学习 A. in the school B. in school C. in schools15.睡觉 A. go to bed B. go to the bed C. go to a bed16.感冒 A. have a cold B. have the cold C. have cold17.坐船 A. by ship B. on ship C. by a ship18.玩得畅快 A. have good times B. have a

17、good time C. have good times19.事实上 A. in the fact B. in facts C. in fact21.从早到晚 A. from morning to the evening7/10B. from morning to eveningC. from a morning to an eveningIII.选择填空：1. There is _ old woman in the car.A. /B. the C. a D. an2.Shanghai is in _ east of China. A. /B. an C. the D. a3.Bill is

18、 _ English teacher. He likes playing _ football. A. a, the B. an, the C. a, /D. /, /4.The museum is quite far. It will take you half _ hour to go there by_ bus.A. an, /B. an, a C. a, /D. /, /5.The story is _ interesting. That means it is _ interesting story. A. an, the B. the, a.C. /, an D. /, a6.Le

19、t s go for _ walk, shall we?A. a B. an C. the D. /7. This is _ interesting story-book and it is also _ useful one.A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a, an8._ woman over there is _ popular teacher in our school. A. A, an B. The, a C. The , the D. A, the9.They passed our school _ day before yesterday.A. an

20、 B. one C. a D. the8/1010.Australia is _ English-speaking country. A. a B. an C. the D. /11. Don t play _ basketball here. It s dangerous.A. a B. an C. /D. the12. This is _ apple. It s _ big apple.A. an, a B. a, the C. a, an D. an, the13.-Have you seen _ bag? I left it here just now.-Is it _ one on

21、the chair near the door?A. a, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, a14.I have _ blue coat. A. a B. an C. the D. some15.This is _ orange. _ orange is on the table. A. a, The B. an, The C. an, An D. the, An16.Have you had _ breakfast?A. a B. an C. the D. /17.He wondered when the doctor could finish _ opera

22、tion. A. aB. an D. any18.After _ supper, he stayed at home and played _ violin. A. the, the B. /, the C. /, a D. /, /19.There is _ apple on the plate.A. a B. an C. the D. /9/1020.He said that he got _A. a B. an C. the D. /“ C” in the test.21._ new bridge has been built over _ Huangpu River. A. The,

23、a B. A, /C. A, the D. An, an22.English is _ useful language in _ world.A. an, the B. a, the C. the, the D. an, an23. In the word “ cariage ” _ “ r ” is lost.A. the B. an C. a D. /24. With the help of his teacher he studied hard and got _ “ A”A. a B. an C. the D. one25.I have two dogs. _ black one is

24、 two years old and _ yellow one is three years old.A. A, a B. The, a C. The, the D. A. the26.Li Dan can play _ piano very well.A. /B. a C. an D. the27.What _ interesting film it is! I like _ film very much. A. a, the B. a, a C. an, the D. The, /28._ tall man over there is our _ English teacher.A. A, the B. The, a C. A, an D. The, /C. the10/10