高考语法真题分类汇总专题10 名词性从句三年高考.docx

1、高考语法真题分类汇总专题10 名词性从句三年高考2017年高考题【2017北京】23. Every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever【答案】B代词，根据意思可知是人获奖，故排除AD，因为需要做主语，只能用主格代词who，故选B。考点：考查连词。【名师点睛】主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。That

2、 he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us thatWhether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference.It is known to us that he is a famous singer.It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。2. wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从

3、句的区别区分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思*Who will be invited hasnt been decided.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I like.wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换Whatever h

4、appened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he【2017北京】26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing _she was heading.A. why B. where C. how D. when【答案】B试题分析：A. why 为什么 B. where 在哪 C. how 如何 D. when什么时候。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，根据语境可知此处是表地点的，很容易就可选出答案B。考点：考查连词。【20

5、17江苏】26. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _ it used to charge.A. that B. which C. what D. how【答案】C【解析】【名师点睛】这里容易误判为定语从句的“介词+关系代词”结构，需要注意的是，half of后面的价格是以前的价格。如果是定语从句，那么half of后面的价格则是$20的一半，即$10，再结合“down to”可知，原来的价格高于$20，因此不是定语从句。介词of后跟宾语，因此这里是宾语从句，通过分析句

6、子成分可知，宾语从句缺少宾语，因此用what引导。 宾语从句1. 动词后的宾语从句1) that引导的宾语从句后常接that引导的宾语从句的动词有admit, agree, answer, believe, decide, declare, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, intend, insist, mean, notice9 0rder, remember, reply, say, suggest, think, wish 等2) wh-，if引导的宾语从句 后常接wh-，if引导的宾语从句的动词有advise，ask，discuss，doubt，f

7、ind out，imagine，inform,1nquire, know, question, tell, understand, wonder，出scover等。3)“动词十间接宾语+宾语从句” 常使用此类结构的动词有advise，ask，inform，promise，question，remind，show，teach，tell，warn，assure等。4)“动词+it十形容词名词+that从句” 常见的后接it作形式宾语的动词有find，feel，think，believe，make，consider等。5) it作形式宾语的特殊句型 常见的有：see to it that.；hate

8、 it that.；owe it to sb. that.；take it for granted that.2. 形容词后宾语从句 后常接宾语从句的形容词有：anxious，aware，certain，determined，glad，proud， surprised， worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, pleased, content, proud, annoyed, convinced，confident等。3. 介词后宾语从句 后常接宾语从句的介词有on，about，in，but，except等。4. 宾语从句需要注意的问题

9、 1)当主句是一般现在时或者一般将来时时，宾语从句可根据句子意思选择用所需要的时态。 2)当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句必须用相应的过去时态。 3)但是当宾语从句表达的是普遍真理或客观规律时，宾语从句时态不受主句时态限制而用一般现在时。4)当主句谓语是think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等，宾语从句的意义是否定时，not要转移到主句中；但当从句有否定意义的never，seldom，hardly，scarcely等词时， 否定词不转移。5)主句中谓语是think，believe，suppose，exect，imagine，guess等，同时，wh-连词引导的表

10、示疑问的宾语从句，应将连词wh-置于主句前面，主句若是疑问语序，从句语序不变。例 如：When do you think he will come back? Do you think when he will come back?(错句）6)当主句动词是wish时，从句的时态要用虚拟语气；当主句的动词是suggest，demand， require等词时，从句要用可省略should的虚拟语气。7) if常可代替whether，但是当从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。8)引导宾语从句的that常可省略，但是当两个that从句由and或or连接时，第二个从句的that不能省略。考点：宾语从

11、句【2017天津】4. She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.A. when B. where C. whether D. what【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认。我还没有还。A.什么时候；B.在哪里；C是否；D.什么。根据句意，故选C考点：考查宾语从句。【名师点睛】本题是对宾语从句中连词的考查。对于宾语从句的连词的确定，首先确定连词的词义，然后根据句意判断出正确的连词，本句的句意很明显，确定为是否。2016年高考题1.【2

12、016北京】24. Your support is important to our work. _ you can do helps.A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever【答案】C【解析】试题分析：题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“_ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。考点：考查主语从句【名师点睛】主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。That he is

13、a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us thatWhether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference.It is known to us that he is a famous singer.It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。2. wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别区分使

14、用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思*Who will be invited hasnt been decided.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I like.wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换Whatever happened

15、, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he2.【2016北京】29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.A. what B. that C. whether D. why【答案】B【解析】考点：考查表语从句【名师点睛】表语从句 Predictive Clauses (在be动词 后)1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是wh-的特殊疑问词。The fact is that she never like

16、d him.The question is whether the movie is worth seeing.The question is who can complete the difficult task.This/That/It is because I think it is because you are doing too much.The reason whyis thatThe reason why the play is successful is that it appeals to many different people.2. 只能用whether 的情况* 在

17、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中* 在介词后的宾语从句中It all depends on whether they will support us.* 在不定式之前He doesnt know whether to stay or not.* 从句中有or not时He doesnt know whether he should stay or not.3.【2016江苏】21.It is often the case _anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A. why B. what C. as D. that【答案】D【解

18、析】【名师点睛】that 引导主语从句：由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。1. It + be + 形容词+that从句适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，obvious，surprising etc。1) Its clear that they badly need help。很明显，他们急需援助。2) Its possible that we can carry

19、 out the project at last. 最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。表语为 necessary，clear，true，strange, important, wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising, astonishing, etc.等形容词时，谓语动词的形式一般为“should 动词原形”3) It is necessary that you (should)master the computer. 你很有必要掌握电脑。4) It is strange that he should have killed himsel

20、f .真奇怪，他竟然自杀了2. It +be +名词词组+ that从句常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a fact， a good idea，a pity，an hour，a shame，no wonder，good news etc.1) Its a pity that you missed the film.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。2) Tom has a bad cold. 汤姆患了重感冒。 It is no wonder that he looks pale. 难怪他看起来脸色苍白。3) It is a great shame that he should have stolen

21、a pen. 他竟然偷钢笔，真是太丢脸了。 shame 所用的句中要用虚拟语气。3. It + be+ 过去分词+ that从句常有的过去分词有：said，reported, hoped, believed, expected, decided, well-known, thought, suggested 等。1) It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。2) Its reported that the two countries have made an agreement about their

22、trades.据报道这两个国家就贸易问题达成协议。过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如suggested ， ordered， requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气。动 词形式为：should 原型。1) It is requested that Mr. Wang (should) give a performance.有人请求王先生表演一个节目。2) It is suggested that we should discuss the problem .有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。考点：考查主语从句4.【2016天津】11. The manager put forward a sug

23、gestion _ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. A. whether B. that C. which D. what 【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导， that不作成分，只是起着连接的作用。故选B。考点：考查同位语从句。【名师点睛】解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构，知道引导词的使用习惯。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分，来选择正确的引导词。连接同

24、位语从句的连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when .)。that引导表示陈述句的同位语从句，if和whether，whether.or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的同位语从句。判断是否是同位语从句，还可以用同位词+is+同位语从句，如果可以讲的通，一般就是同位语从句，例如这题中，可以改成The suggestion is that we should have an assistant.2015年高考题1.【2015湖南】26.You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan th

25、e best way of getting there. A. what B. that C. where D. who【答案】C【解析】【考点定位】考查宾语从句。【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由know引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词。因为从句部分缺少状语成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.）的表达。2.【2015北京】33.I truly believe _beauty comes from within.A.

26、that B. where C. what D. why【答案】A【解析】【考点定位】考查名词性从句。【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种，宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的，要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子就称之为宾语从句。一般情况下，宾语从句可作谓语 的宾语，也可做主语的宾语。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。3.【2015安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not _ ships are built for.A. what B. whom C. why D. when

27、【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。isnt后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。故选A。【考点定位】考查名词性从句【名师点睛】本题考查表语从句。表语从句是名词性从句的一种，名词性从句还包括主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。可以根据从句在句子中充当的成分来判断名词性从句的类型。isnt后跟一个从句作表语，what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语；why和when作状语。介词for后缺少宾语，因此用what。4.【2015浙江】6. If you swim in a river or lake,

28、be sure to investigate is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water. A. what B. who C. that D. whoever【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，请确定查看水面下有什么？通常总有一些石头或树枝藏在水里。此处的what指代的是树枝或石头，B选项和D选项用于指人，that 只有语法意义。句式上，该句用了(If 从句，祈使句)的句式，非谓语to investigate 后接一个宾语从句的表达。分析宾语从句的成分可

29、以发现，空格所做的成分是主语。根据下一句的表述中的树枝和石头，可以得出答案是what.【考点定位】考查宾语从句的连接词【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由investigate引导的宾语从句，因为从句部分is 前面缺少成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.）的表达。5.【2015重庆】8.We must find out _ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.A. when B. how C. wh

30、ere D. why 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我们必须弄明白什么时候来，因此我们能给他预定房间。Find out 后面跟着宾语从句。根据句意选when。 【考点定位】考查宾语从句。【名师点睛】 宾语从句连接词的考查，宾语从句一共分为三类，一由that引导的宾语从句；二是由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,who,how引导的宾语从句，这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句充当某个成分。三由if或whether引导宾语从句。首先要根据句子结构来确实是哪一类，再根据具体的信息来确实用哪一个，是否符合当时的语境。6.【2015四

31、川】8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.A. where B. why C. what D. which【答案】B【解析】【考点定位】考查宾语从句【名师点睛】本题考查宾语从句的引导词。通常情况下，宾语从句如果是由陈述句变来时用that引导；如果由一般疑问句变来则用whether/if；而由特殊疑问句变来则用特殊疑问词。通过四个选项，排除1、2两种情况。而特殊疑问词的选择则要求对句子的结构内容有着全盘的掌握。此句中，主语、宾语、定语并不缺少，故选项C、D是错误的，再根据句意，只有B最为恰当。7.【2015陕西】19. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration