完整版英语语法术语.docx

1、完整版英语语法术语英语语法术语语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词 simple word派生词 derivative复合词 compound词性 part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun 普通名词 common noun 可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词

2、abstract noun 具体名词 concret noun 物质名词 material noun 集体名词 collective noun 个体名词 individual noun 介词 preposition 连词 conjunction 动词 verb 主动词 main verb 及物动词 transitive verb 不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb 助动词 auxiliary verb 情态动词 modal verb 规则动词 regular verb 不规则动词 irregular verb 短语动词 phrasal verb 限定动词

3、 finite verb 非限定动词 infinite verb 使役动词 causative verb 感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation 形容词 adjective 副词 adverb 方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree 时间副词 adverb of time 地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词 adjunct 连接性副词 conjunct 疑问副词 interrogative adverb 关系副词 relative ad

4、verb代词 pronoun 人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive pronoun 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun 关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词 indefinite pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词 nominalpossessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pro

5、noun冠词 article定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 限定动词 finite verb form 非限定动词 non-finite verb form 原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名词从句 nomina

6、l clause 定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause非真实条件状语从句 adverbial宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause 同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause ofplace方式状语从句 adverbial clause ofmanner让步状语从句 adverbial clause ofconcession原因状语从句 adverbial clause ofcause结果状语从句

7、 adverbial clause ofresult目的状语从句 adverbial clause ofpurpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real conditionclause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition 错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentenc

8、e 复合句 complex sentence 并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence 疑问句 interrogative sentence 一般疑问句 general question 特殊疑问句 special question 选择疑问句 alternative question 附加疑问句 tag question 反义疑问句 disjunctive question 修辞疑问句 rhetorical question 感叹疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentenc

9、e 肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence pattern 否定句 negative sentence 祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句 elliptical sentence 感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences 主语 subject谓语 predicate 宾语 object 双宾语 dual object 直接宾语 direct object 间接宾语 indirect object 复合宾语 complex object 同源宾语 cognate object

10、补语 complement 主补 subject complement 宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute 同位语 appositive 状语 adverbial句法关系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate 从属 subordination 修饰 modification前置修饰 pre-modification 后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 s

11、ingular form 复数形式 plural form 规则形式 regular form 不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case 所有格 possessive case 主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person 第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense 过去将来进行时 past

12、 future continuous tense 过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense 一般过去时 past simple tense 一般将来时 future simple tense 现在完成时 past perfect tense 过去完成时 present perfect tense 将来完成时 future perfect tense 现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tens

13、e过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense 语态 voice 主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood 祈使语气 imperative mood 虚拟语气 subjunctive mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation 局部否定 partial ne

14、gation 转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion 部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech 间接引语 indirect speech 自由直接引语 free direct speech 自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical概念一致 notional agreement 就近原则 princip

15、le of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition 语音 pronunciation 语调 tone 升调 rising tone 降调 falling tone 降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style 正式文体 formal 非正式文体 informal 口语 spoken/oral English 套语 formulistic expression 英国英语 British English 美国英语 American English 用法 usageTerms of English Language Teaching Methodolog

16、yagreement感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory 贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic挖苦 ironicachievement testacquisitionacquisitionactive masteryactive vocabularyaffective filteringaim,objectiveanalysis of errorsanalytic approachanalytical reading英语教学法术语成绩测试习得，语言习得语言习得顺序积极掌握积极词汇，主动词汇情感筛选目的，目标错误分析

17、分析教学法，分析法 分析性阅读application to practice运用于实践applied linguistics应用语言学approach教学路子aptitude test能力倾向测验Army method陆军法associative learning联想性学习auditory discrimination 辨音能力auditory feedback听觉反馈auditory memory听觉记忆auditory perception听觉audio-lingual method听说法audio-visual method视听法aural-oral approach法听说教学法，听说a

18、ural-oral method听说法Bbasic knowledge基本知识basic principle基本原则basic theory基本理论basic training基本训练basic vocabulary基本词汇behaviourism行为主义bilingual双语的bilingual education双语教育chain drill链式操练，连锁操练choral repetition齐声照读，齐声仿读class management课常管理classroom interaction课常应对cloze 完形填空coach 辅导cognitive approach 认知法common

19、 core 语言的共同核心，语言共核communicative drill 交际性操练communicative exercise 交际练习communicative langunge teaching 派语言教学法，交际教学法交际community language learning 学习法集体语言comparative method比较法communicative approach交际法comprehensible input不难理解的输入comprehensive method综合法computer-managed instruction 管理教学计算机concord and coord

20、ination默契与配合console 控制台consonant cluster辅音连缀cue word 提示词curriculum 课程，教学大纲curriculum development课程设计课程编制，cultrual objective,aim教养目的cclical approach循环教学法，循环法Ddeductive learning演绎性学习deductive method演绎法delayed auditory feedback 馈延缓听觉反demonstration 演示educational objective, aim教育目的EFL英语作为外语EGP通用英语ELT英语教学

21、English as a Foreign Language 为外语英语作English as an InternationalLanguage 英语作为国际语言English environment英语环境English for Academic Purposes 语学术英English for general prupose普通英语English for General Purposes 语通用英demonstration lesson 示范教学describe a picture in writing 看图说 话describe a picture orally 描写语言学diagram

22、图解diagnostic test 诊断性测验dicto-comp 听写作文direct application 直接应用English for specific purposes 专用英语ESOL English for Speakers of Other Languages 供非英语民族使用的英语English medium school 英语授课学校English teaching;teaching English 英 语教学WSD( English as a Second Dialect ) 英 语作为第二方言WSL( English as a Second Language) 英语作

23、为第二语言ESL Programme( English as a Second LanguageProgramme)英语(第二语言)教程ESP( English for Special Purposes ) 专用英语EST( English for Science andTechnology ) 科技英语evaluation 评语，评价examination 考试examination question 考题experimental method 实验法extensive reading 泛读external speech 外语言语extra-curiculum activity 课外活动 e

24、xtra-curriculum club,group 课外小组Fal approach 功能法al syllabus 功能派教学大纲word 功能词Ggeneral linguistics 普通语言学gestalt style 格式塔式（学习），整体式 （学习）gesture 手势getting students ready for class 织教学组global learning 式学习整体式学习，囫囵吞枣global question综合性问题gradation级进法，分级递升法graded direct method 循序直接法grading 级进法，分级递升法；评分facial ex

25、pressionfeedbace 反馈film projector filmstrip final stage first languageformative evaluationfree practice面部表情电影放映机高级阶段第一语言，母语自由作文自由练习电影胶片grammar lessongrammar methodgrammar translation method 法grammatical analysisgroup readinggroup trainingguided composition语法课语法法语法翻译语法分析集体朗读集体练习引导性作文frequency of word

26、词的频率Hintegrated approach法综合教学法，综合heuristic method of teaching 教学法启发式intelligent memory理解性记忆heurstics 启发法；探索法language training强化教学humanistic approach人本主义教学法intensive training精读intermediate stage中级阶段Iinterpretation头口翻译idealism 唯心主义International Phonetic Alphabet 国际imitatiom 模仿音标immersion programme沉浸式教

27、学Jimparting knowledge传授知识juncture连读，音渡incomplete plosive不完全爆破junior high school初级中学independent composition独立作文junior school初级学校individualized instruction个别教学junior sceondary school初级中等学校individual training个别练习junior-senior high school初高中inductive learning归纳性学习junior technical college(orinductive met

28、hod归纳法school)初级职业学院（或学校）inflection,inflexion词形变化junior year大学三年级information,processing信息处理Kinitial beginning stage初级阶段key words基本词，关键字inner speech 内语言语kinesics身势语，身势学in-service training在职培训kinesthetic memory动觉记忆instructional objective语言教学目标knowledge知识integrative teaching综合教学knowledge structure知识结构Ll

29、anguage acquisition 语言习得language acquisition device 语言习得 机制language arts 语言技能language competence,or knowledge 语 言知识language learning capability 语言学习能力language laboratory;lab语言实验室language leaning capacity 语言学习能力language pedagogy语言教育language performance语言行为language program design 语言课程设计language test语言测试learning by deduction演绎性学习learning by induction归纳性学习learning process学习过程learning style学习方式lesson conducting教课lesson plan课时计划，教案lesson preparation备课lesson type课型linguistics语言学linguistic method口语领先教学法living language活的语言long-term memory长期记忆look-and-say method看图