最全小升初英语语法点总结及练习.docx

1、最全小升初英语语法点总结及练习小升初英语语法总结及练习小升初语法名词一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es， 如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 以“元音字母+y”结尾，直接加s，如：boy - boys ，day - days4. 以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe

2、为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5.以o结尾的单词：a, 有生命的+es b, 无生命+s 如：potato-potatoes ； hero-heroes；mango-mangoes photo-photos ; radio - radios ; video - videos6. 不规则名词复数：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethfish-fish people-peopleChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanesedeer -

3、deersheep-sheeppolicewoman-policewomen 二、名词所有格的构成法 1. 主要是在词尾加 s 构成。如: This is Toms desk . 这是汤姆的书桌。 That is Mikes book. 那是迈克的书。 2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个 . 如:the teachers reading room 教师阅览室the pupils pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒3. 如果原词是复数形式，但不是以s 结尾， 变为所有格形式需在后面加上 s 。如： the childrens palace 少年宫 mens room 男厕所*名

4、词所有格口诀：名词所有格，s前面加一撇，复数s放在尾，后加一撇就完结，两人共有算一个，后面只加一个撇。名词练习题一、写出下列名词的复数形式puter _ 2.apple _ 3.city _4.house _ 5.sheep _ 6.watch _7.tomato _ 8.child _ 9.tooth _10.foot _ 11.wife _ 12.potato _13.play _ 14.day _ 15.glass _16.radio _ 17.zoo _ 18. life _19. story _ 20.leaf _ 21. baby _22.dress _ 23.butterfly

5、_ 24. deer _25.class _ 26.brush _ 27.key _28. English _29.mouse _ 30. man _二、汉译英1Tom的足球 _ 2. 老师们的自行车_3学生们的课桌 _ 4.哥哥的文具盒_5姑姑的卡片 _ 6.猴子们的香蕉_7蚂蚁们的早餐 _ 8.妈妈的包_9姐姐的连衣裙_ 10女孩们的苹果_三、把下列句子翻译成英文1这些是Peter的篮球吗？ _2这个是老师的钢笔吗？ _3有一些书在Sam的课桌上。_4有一些孩子们在教室里。_四、改错 （圈出错处,在横线上改正过来）1.There are some butterflys on the tab

6、le. _2.This is Alice dress. _3.I like tomato very much. _五、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This dog is brown._2. There is a book and a pen on the table._3.That woman is a teacher._能力测试卷 （名词）一、将下列名词变成复数形式。1. plane tree lesson month apple shirt 2. box bus brush watch class fox 3. knife life leaf Wife thief 4. day boy mo

7、nkey baby country story 5. photo radio piano tomato hero 6. child tooth man Sheep English Chinese 二、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“ ”1The house is my brother. _2. He has visited many country. _3. They are Englishs. _4. This is Tom red bike. _三、选择填空1There are two _ in the room. A. Chineses B. Englishman2.The old ma

8、n will have _ out. A. two tooths B. two teeth3. _ are sold in this bookstore. A. Childrens books B. Children books4. Some friends of _ will come here. A. Johns B. John 5. Can you give me _?A. some papers B. a piece of paper6.There are _ on the floor.A. some box B. some boxes四、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This sheep

9、 is white _2. There is a desk and a chair in the room._3.That man is a doctor. _小升初语法代词一、人称代词人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词， 它的人称、数和格的变化见下表： 数人称主格宾格单数第一人称Ime第二人称youyou第三人称hesheithimherit复数第一人称Weus第二人称youyou第三人称theythem主格与宾格：人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格主要用来做句子的主语；宾格主要用作宾语。人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公

10、共汽车上。人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。I saw her yesterday.我昨天看到她了。二、物主代词物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 人称类别 第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourhis,her,itstheir名词性mineouryoursyourshis,hers,itstheirs名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词 例，Whose coat is this? 这是谁的上衣?Its hers. 是她的。 hers= her coat*关于物主代词的口诀：物主代词很重要，译成汉语都有“.的”，

11、后面必须加上物，否则就要犯错误，my your his her its our their 不放过。形容词性是基础，除了我的“mine”外，其他词尾“s”性形物代能力差，出门常把名词加；名物代能力强，常来独去又独往。三、反身代词反身代词也叫“自身代词”，表示“*自己”。数 人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself, herself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesI can do it by myself. 我自己能做这件事。*反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀：反身代词有规律，第三人称宾格加，其余开头用物主，复数-ves替-f四、指示代词

12、This (这个)- these (这些) 指近处的事物That (那个)- these (那些) 指远处的事物例，This is a book. 这是本书。 These are some books. 这些是书。 That is a car. 那是辆小汽车。 Those are some cars. 那些是小汽车。代词练习题一、根据题意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Mary is a friend of _. ( I )2.This is _ ( she ) ruler. _ ( I ) is in the bag. 3.Her brother is too young to look af

13、ter _ ( he )4.This is _ ( I ) book. This book is _ ( I ).5.These pens are _ ( we ).二、填写下列表格。人称代词我我们你，你们他她它他们主 格宾 格形容词物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词三、改写下列句子Eg, This is my book. - The book is mine.1.That is her ruler. _2.These are their footballs. _3.This is my backpack . _4.Those are your boxes. _四、把下列句子改写成复数。1. Th

14、is is a butterfly. _2. That is a bus. _3. It is a mouse. _五、改错。1.This is mine lamp. _2.These are ours books. _3. That are their teacher. _4.The house is my brother. _5. He has visited many country. _6. They are Chineses. _7. This is Tom red bike. _能力测试卷 （代词）一、帮下面的好朋友团圆 （连线） I 她its 我们her 他（她，它）们we 我t

15、hey 你的their 他（她，它）们your 她的she 它的二、填空1Shes a teacher . This is _ bag.2. Hes a driver. This is _ taxi.3. I am a boy . _ name is Peter.4. -Whats _ name? - My name is Tony.5. Its my puppy. _ name is Mimi.三、选择( ) 1.Your book is not so old as _. A. him B. he C. his D. she( ) 2. _ book is it ? Its _. A. Wh

16、oseher B. Whose hers C. Whohers D. Whom her( ) 3. He is a friend of _.A. our B. us C. my D. mine四、改错1. I, you and he are all teachers. _2. This is mine teddy bear. _3. These are ours bags._4. These is their teachers.小升初语法数词和冠词一、数词表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词，基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序。1最基本的基数词如下表所示：1101119201001 o

17、ne11 eleven20 twenty2 two12 twelve30 thirty3 three13 thirteen40 forty4 four14 fourteen50 fifty5 five15 fifteen60 sixty6 six16 sixteen70 seventy7 seven17 seventeen80 eighty8 eight18 eighteen90 ninety9 nine19 nineteen100 one hundred10 ten *基数词的写法 ：2199的两位数，十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。例：21 twenty - one 32 thirty -

18、two 99 ninety nine百位数：个位数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and。例：101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight2序数词的构成1）一般来说，是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。例， four+ th- fourth six + th - sixth seven + th - seventh ten + th - tenth2）下面这些基数词在变为序数词时，有特殊的变化。例， one - first two - second

19、 three - third five- fifth eight - eighth nine - ninth twelve - twelfth3）十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i，然后在加eth.例， twenty - twentieth thirty - thirtieth forty - fortieth ninety - ninetieth1）两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。例，twenty one - twenty- first thirty-five -thirty-fiftha hundred and fifty-three - a hun

20、dred and fifty- third *基数词变序数词的口诀：基变序，有规律；词尾加上th（fourth, sixth）一、二、三，单独记；结尾字母t, d, d；（first，second，third）八去t,九去e,（eighth，ninth）；ve要用f替；（fifth，twelfth）整十基数变序数，ty将y变成i ; th 前面有个e；要是遇到几十几，前用基来后用序。二、冠词 冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。 a或an是不定冠词，the是定冠词。a用在辅音音素之前，如 a desk, a tree ; an 用在元音因素之前，如 an apple, an hour, an Engl

21、ish book.1.不定冠词（a,an）指人或事物的某一种类，表示“一个”，但不强调数量。She is a teacher. Thats an orange. 2.定冠词 the，是特指某（些）人、某（些）物，或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物，或者是在上文提到过的人和事。This is a bus. The bus is big.3.不用冠词的情况：1）专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如， Chinese, English, Jim等。2）名词前已经有this, that, my, your等词时，就不再用冠词了。如，that mouse (那只老鼠) 3) 一些固定词组前不用

22、定冠词。如， at home 在家 go to school 去上学*定冠词the的用法记忆口诀：特指、重提和唯一，岛屿、海峡和海湾；海洋、党派、最高级，沙漠、河流与群山；方位、顺序和乐器，年代、团体与机关；船名、建筑和组织，会议、条约与报刊；姓氏复数、国全名，记住定冠the加在前。*零冠词用法口诀：月份、星期、节假洲，呼语、头衔职务前；三餐、球类、惯用语，学科、棋类名词前。冠词和数词专项练习一、在空白处填上适当的冠词，不需要的填“/”。1) at _home 2) go to_ bed 3) go to _school 4) catch _ bad cold 5) have _ good time 6) _red apple 7)_ English book 8) _ spoon 9)_ orange 10) _melon 11) _ eraser二、选择填空1.There is _ “m” in the word “primary”A.an B.a C.the D./2.This is _ orange bike .A.a B.an C.the D/3.It always takes us half _ hour