高中英语必修二Unit4知识点讲解及答案.docx

1、高中英语必修二Unit4知识点讲解及答案必修二第四单元.词汇短语过关1respond vi.回答，答复；响应，作出反应response n. 回答，回复；反应respond to sb./sth.回答(比 answer, reply to正式)respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用回应某人(事)respond to (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应in response to 作为对的反应即学即练1(1)They still havent _ my letter.他们至今仍没有回

2、我的信。(2)He _ my suggestion _ a laugh/_ laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。(3)His illness didnt _ treatment by drugs.他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。(4)My mother opened the door _ the knock, but there was no one outside.听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。responded to , responded to , with , by , respond to , in response to2certain adj. 确定的；无疑

3、的；某(种)(1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于 some.但 some 前不加冠词。for a certain reasonfor some reason 由于某种原因certain professorssome professors 某些教授a certain amount of time 相当一段时间(2)作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于 sure.但是 certain 的主语既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that.句型，而 sure 主语只能是人。“be certain/sure从句”(人)有把握/确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure of/about

4、sth. (人)确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure to do sth. 必定/肯定会做某事(主语常为二、三人称，表示说话人的信念)“make certain/sure从句”弄清楚/确保make certain/sure of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚for certain/sure 确定地，确切地(做状语)It is certain that. 一定会(不能用 sure)即学即练2(1)There was _ in his manner.他的态度有点冷淡。(2)Are you _ it？你对此有把握吗？(3)He is _ his duty.他肯定会尽职。(4

5、)_ he has wronged me.我确信他冤枉了我。(5)_ their team will win the match.他们队肯定会赢得比赛。a certain coldness , certain about/of , certain to do , Im certain that , Its certain that3contain vt. 包含；容纳(hold)；抑制(control)即学即练3(1)His paper _ no mistakes at all.他的试卷没有一点错误。(2)Orange juice _ things which help keep you hea

6、lthy.橘汁里含有有益于健康的东西。(3)This bottle _ two glasses of beer.这个瓶子可容纳两杯啤酒。(4)He couldnt _ for joy.他不胜欢喜。contained , contains , contains , contain himself4affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭be greatly/deeply affected很/深受感动be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉be affected with high fever发高烧即学即练4(1)The amount of rain _ the growth

7、 of crops.降雨量直接影响庄稼生长。(2)One of her lungs _ a little so that she has to rest.她的一叶肺有些感染，所以她不得不休息。(3)The audience _ by his speech.听众被他的演讲深深打动了。affects , is affected , were deeply affected5appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；喜欢appreciation n. 欣赏；感激appreciate sth. (thank sb.) 感激某事或某人appreciatedoing sth.感激做某事one/ones d

8、oing sth.感激某人做某事I would appreciate it if. 如果，我将不胜感激。即学即练5(1)He highly _.他非常感谢他的帮助。(2)We shall _ you again.我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。(3)I really _ to the party.你能来参加这次聚会我太高兴了。(4)I would _ you could help me.如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。appreciated his helpappreciate hearing fromappreciate your comingappreciate it if6succeed v

9、成功success n. U成功；成就 C成功的人或事successful adj. 成功的successfully adv. 成功地succeed in doing sth.have success in doing sth.be successful in doing sth.成功做某事achieve great success 取得巨大的成功sb./sth. is a success 成功的人或事即学即练6(1)We all _ the midterm examination.我们都成功地通过了期中考试。(2)Failure is the mother of _.失败是成功之母。(3)H

10、e was _ as a novelist.他是非常成功的小说家。succeeded in passing , success , a success7harm vt. & n损害；危害harmful adj.有害的be harmful todo harm todo sb. harmdo harm to sb.对有害There is no harm in doing sth.It does no harm (for sb.)to do sth.做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)。即学即练7(1)The dog seems fierce, but it wont _ anyone.这条狗看上去很凶，

11、但它不会伤害任何人。(2)Fruit juice can _ childrens teeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。(3)He may say no, but _ asking.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。harm , be harmful to , there is no harm in8die out 灭亡，逐渐消失die out 绝种，灭绝；熄灭；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失die off(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死die away(声音、光线、风等)渐弱，渐息，平息die down(火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱，渐息；(声音)静下来die of 指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲

12、伤等die from 指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、劳累过度等而死即学即练8(1) Scientists said that those plants _ a century ago.科学家们说那些植物一个世纪前就绝种了。(2) Many old customs _.许多古老的风俗正逐渐消失。(3)If the snowstorm does not blow over, the cattle will _.如果暴风雪不停息，牲畜就要死掉了。(4)Open the air hole; the fire is _.把气孔打开，火要熄了。died out , are dying out , d

13、ie off , dying down(5)Every winter some old people _ hypothermia.每年冬天都有一些老人死于体温过低。(6)Nowadays many people _ cancer.现在有很多人死于癌症。die from , die of9in danger (of.)处于危险之中out of danger 脱离危险即学即练9(1)The drowned girl was obviously_.很明显，那个溺水的女孩的生命危在旦夕。(2)The old house is _ collapse.那所老房子有倒塌的危险。(3)They were to

14、ld at the hospital that their grandmother was _.他们在医院得知他们的祖母已经脱离危险了。in immediate danger , in danger of , out of danger拓展：与 in/out of 搭配的短语in order 有秩序in sight 看得见in trouble 在困境中in line 成行(队)in place 适合/当in fashion 时尚out of order出故障(机器等工作不正常)out of sight 看不见out of trouble 摆脱困境out of line 不成一直线out of

15、place 不合适out of fashion 过时10protect.from/against. 保护免受(的伤害)defend.from/against.保卫以抵制keep sb. from doingstop sb. (from) doingprevent sb. (from) doing阻止某人做即学即练10(1)Young plants should be well _ the cold.幼苗必须被很好地保护以免受冻。(2)The hen _ its young _ being attacked by the cat. 母鸡保卫小鸡使其免遭猫的袭击。(3)Everyone shoul

16、d take up arms to _ our country from invasion.每个人都应当拿起武器保卫我们的国家不受侵犯。(4)Nothing can _ us _ realizing our dreams.什么也不能阻止我们实现梦想。protected from , protected , against , defend , stop , from提示：(1)protect against 和 protect from 意思相似，有时可互换。但是，对于较大的事情，如：敌人的入侵、天灾等，常用 protect against, 对于较小的事情常用 protect from.(2

17、)在 protect.from/against. 结构中，from和 against 后面常跟 sth.，有时 against 后跟 being done 来强调动作的被动性。(3)主动句中 prevent/stop.from.中的 from 可省略，在被动句中 from不可省略，而 keep.from.中的 from无论是在主动句还是被动句中都不能省略。11pay attention to 注意Attention, please! 请注意！ (演讲用语)(May I have your attention, please？)attract/catch/draw/get ones attent

18、ion to 吸引某人的注意fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on 将注意力集中于devote ones attention to 专心致志于call ones attention to 唤起某人对的注意提示：以上短语中的 to、on都是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。即学即练11(1)She _ her appearance.她很注重外表。(2)A great deal of attention has been _ protecting the environment.人们已对保护环境投入很多精力。paid much attention to , p

19、aid to12come into being 出现；形成；产生bring.into being 使形成；使产生for the time being 暂时；眼下即学即练12(1)We dont know when the universe _.我们不知道宇宙是何时形成的。(2)Such a custom _ long ago.这种风俗很久以前就有了。came into being , came into being提示：come into being是不及物动词短语，无被动形式，无进行时。类似短语有：come into power 当权come into effect 生效come into

20、action 开始行动come into office 就职come into sight 看得见come into use 开始使用 易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考1. contain/include(1)contain 意为“包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指的是包含的全部内容或容量，也可指里面所含的成分。其宾语与主语常是同位关系，不用于进行时态。(2)include 意为“包含；连在内，计入，算入，包括”，只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。常用 “including被包括部分”或“被包括部分included”。如：Many people like tenni

21、s, including me/me included. 许多人喜欢网球，也包括我/我也在内。应用1用 contain和 include的适当形式填空。(1)The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It _ a lot of fruit and green vegetables.(2)Everyone took part in the fight against the flood, _ old people.(3)The _ can _ 100 litres of water.includes , i

22、ncluding , container , contain2. affect/effect/influence(1)affect 常做及物动词，“影响，感动，感染”。(2)effect 常做名词，“结果，效果，作用，影响”，常用于词组：have an effect on/upon sb. 对有影响，take effect 生效，实行，come/go into effect 开始生效，开始实施。(3)influence 可做动词也可做名词，表示“影响、感染”的意思时，是指使思想、行为、性质或发展和成长等发生变化的影响。它可以指坏的影响，也可以指好的影响，这种影响常常是潜移默化的。应用2(1)P

23、robably we _ each other.(2)To _ a policy is to have an _ on it.influenced , affect , effect高 效 作 业 自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1This hat will give p_ against the hot sun.2My wallet c_ two hundred yuan and my passport was lost when I was shopping.3Mrs Browns dog b_ the mailman when he was delivering newspapers yest

24、erday afternoon.4Both bees and butterflies belong to i_.5The mother is r_ her baby against mosquitoes.6Youd better _(存留) the money for future need.7Well go _(打猎) tomorrow.8We greatly _(感谢，感激) your timely help.9She turned her _(注意力) to new problems.10The dog looks _ (凶恶). Youd better keep away from i

25、t. .单项选择1The driver was at _ loss when _ word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.Aa; the B/; / Cthe; the Da; /2It is_that his English is_perfect.Asure; very Bright; rather Cexact; fairly Dcertain; quite3Stop _ this kind of snakes. They are _.Ahunting; dying out Bto hunt; dying outChunt

26、ing; dying away Dto hunt; dying down4Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea.Aas soon as Bas a result Cin case Dso that5 Are you driving to the airport, sir? Id appreciate _ if you could give me a lift.Athat Byou Cthis Dit6More attention should be _ equipment in our fac

27、tory so that we can increase our production.Apaid to improving Bpaid to improve Ctaken to improve Dtaken to improving7How many passengers were in the plane?It _ 100, 20 Chinese _.Acontained; includedBcontained; includingCincluded; containedDcontained; containing8The disease failed to_to the new drugs the doctor applied.Arespond Bturn Creply Drefer9Much _ by the story of Cong Fei, I am also determined to be a volunteer worker.Aaffected Bappreciated Cadmired Deffected10There may be kinds of infectious (传染的) diseases in public places. You shoul