1、二级笔译真题及答案 CATTI英语笔译实务(2级)2015年5月考试真题与参考答案Part1:English-ChineseTranslationPassage1Alongarugged,wideNorthSeabeachhereonarecentday,childrenformedteamsofeightto10,takingtheirplacesbesidemoundsofsandcarefullycordonedbytape.Theyhadonehourfortheirsandcastlecompetition.Somebuiltfishlikestructures,completewi
2、thscales.Othersspenttheirtimeonelaborateditchanddikelabyrinths.Eachcastlewasadornedontopwithawhiteflag.近日,北海沿岸崎岖而宽广的海滩上,孩子们八人一组,十人一队,在用隔离带精心围起来的沙堆旁各就各位。他们要在一个小时内完成堆沙堡的比赛。有些人打造鱼形的主体建筑,再配上鳞片。其余的人修建复杂的沟渠和迷宫式的堤坝。每个沙堡的顶部都插有一面白旗。Thentheywatchedtheseainvadeanddevourtheirwork,seeingwhosecastlecouldwithstand
3、thetidelongest.Thelaststandingflagwon.然后,孩子们等待着大海涨潮,吞没沙堡,看谁的沙堡在潮水中持续的时间最久。白旗最后倒下的沙堡获胜。Itwasnoordinarydayatthebeach,butanewlyminted,state-sanctionedcompetitionforschoolchildrentoraiseawarenessofthedangersofrisingsealevelsinacountryofprecariousgeographythathasprovidedlessonsfortheworldaboutwatermanage
4、ment,butthatfearsthatitsnextgenerationwillgrowcomplacent.孩子们在海滩上度过的这一天意义非凡。荷兰地理环境不稳定,海平面不断上升,因此,当地政府决定,为小学生们举办一次别开生面的比赛,以此来提高孩子们的危险意识。尽管荷兰一直是世界各国仿效的水利大国,仍然担心下一代会因此变得骄傲自大。Fifty-fivepercentoftheNetherlandsiseitherbelowsealevelorheavilyflood-prone.Yetthankstoitsrenownedexpertiseandlargewatermanagementb
5、udget(about1.25percentofgrossdomesticproduct),theNetherlandshasavertedcatastrophesinceafloodingdisasterin1953.荷兰境内55%的土地,要么低于海平面,要么存在严重的水患。然而,由于水利专业技术久负盛名,水利专项拨款又十分庞大(约占国内生产总值的1.25%),所以1953年洪灾过后,荷兰再也没有遭受过严重的水灾。ExpertsheresaythattheynowworrythatthefamedDutchwatermanagementsystemactuallyworkstoowellan
6、dthatcitizenswillbegintotakeforgrantedthenationssuccessinstayingdry.Asglobalclimatechangethreatenstoraisesealevelsbyasmuchasfourfeetbytheendofthecentury,theauthoritieshereareworkingtomakerealtochildrentheforecaststhatmayseemfar-off,butthatwillshapetheirlivesinadulthoodandoldage.专家称,他们担心,由于荷兰现有的水利系统太
7、完善了,国民开始想当然地以为,荷兰在水利方面已经取得了成功。全球气候变暖,预示着到本世纪末,荷兰的海平面会上升四英尺。当地政府试图通过本次比赛,让孩子们明白,这些看似遥不可及的预示,将会决定孩子们的中老年生活。“Everythingworkssosmoothlythatpeopledontrealizeanymorethattheyaretakingariskindevelopingurbanareasinlow-lyingareas,”saidRaimondHafkenscheid,theleadorganizerofthecompetitionandawaterexpertwiththeF
8、oreignMinistry.本次竞赛的主要组织者雷蒙德哈肯什德是外交部的水利专家,他说:“荷兰的水利工程太安全了,人们意识不到,在低洼地区拓展城市面积是在冒天下之大不韪。”Beforethecompetition,thechildren,ages6to11,werecoachedbyexpertsindikebuildingandwatermanagement.Volunteersstoodby,manyofthemfreshlygraduatedcivilengineers,givinglast-minuteadviceonhowbesttobattletherisingwater.专家在
9、赛前对6到11岁的儿童进行了培训,传授筑坝和治水知识。志愿者在现场观战,他们大都是刚刚毕业的土木工程师。比赛的最后一刻,他们会把抵抗水势上涨的绝招告诉给孩子们。ArecentlyreleasedreportbytheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopmentonwatermanagementintheNetherlandspointedtoan“awarenessgap”amongDutchcitizens.Thefindingdidmuchtogetthesandcastlecontestofftheground.最近,经济合作与发展组织
10、发布了一份报告。报告指出,荷兰民众在水利方面存在着“意识缺陷”。这份报告对成功举办本次沙堡竞赛起到了很大的作用。Passage2EarlyMaoriadaptedthetropically-basedeastPolynesiancultureinlinewiththechallengesassociatedwithalargerandmorediverseenvironment,eventuallydevelopingtheirowndistinctiveculture.TheBritishandIrishimmigrantsbroughtaspectsoftheirownculturetoN
11、ewZealandandalsoinfluencedMaoriculture.MorerecentlyAmerican,Australian,AsianandotherEuropeancultureshaveexertedinfluenceonNewZealand.毛利人最初为了应对更大更多变的环境带来的挑战,逐渐适应了地处热带的东波利尼西亚文化,最终形成了自己独特的文化。英国和爱尔兰的移民把本土文化带到了新西兰,也影响了毛利文化。近年来,美洲、澳洲、亚洲、以及欧洲其他国家的文化也对新西兰产生了影响。Eventhoughthemajorityofthepopulationnowlivesinc
12、ities,muchofNewZealandsart,literature,filmandhumorhasruralthemes.尽管现在大多数的新西兰人生活在城市,但新西兰许多的艺术、文学、电影和幽默还是以乡村生活为主题。NewZealandmusichasbeeninfluencedbyblues,jazz,country,rockandroll,withmanyofthesegenresgivenauniqueNewZealandinterpretation.MaoridevelopedtraditionalchantsandsongsfromtheirancientSouth-East
13、Asianorigins,andaftercenturiesofisolationcreatedaunique“monotonous”and“doleful”sound.新西兰音乐深受蓝调音乐、爵士乐、乡村音乐和摇滚乐的影响,但其中很多流派都经过了新西兰人独特的艺术加工。毛利人传统的颂歌和歌曲最早源于古老的东南亚地区,在与世隔绝数百年后,形成了一种独特的“单调”而“悲伤”的音乐风格。ThenumberofNewZealandfilmssignificantlyincreasedduringthe1970s.In1978theNewZealandFilmCommissionstartedassi
14、stinglocalfilm-makersandmanyfilmsattainedaworldaudience,somereceivinginternationalacknowledgment.NewZealandtelevisionprimarilybroadcastsAmericanandBritishprogramming,alongwithalargenumberofAustralianandlocalshows.Thecountrysdiversesceneryandcompactsize,plusgovernmentincentives,haveencouragedsomeprod
15、ucerstofilmbigbudgetmoviesinNewZealand.二十世纪七十年代,新西兰电影产量剧增。1978年,新西兰电影协会开始帮助本土电影公司和国产影片在全球寻找观众,有些影片借此赢得了国际认可。新西兰电视主要播放美国和英国的电视节目,同时播放大量的澳洲和本土的电视节目。新西兰景色各异,地形小巧,加之政策刺激,促使一些电影公司,投巨资来此拍摄影片。OurdistinctivecultureiscoretowhatmakesNewZealandagreatplacetolive.Culturalexpression,engagementandunderstandingaref
16、undamentaltoavibrantandhealthysocietyandhelpdefinewhatitistobeaNewZealander.新西兰之所以成为最适合人口居住的国家,关键在于我们的文化与众不同。文化表达、文化融合和文化理解不仅是一个富有活力的健康社会的基础所在,而且有助于明确什么才是新西兰人真正应该具备的条件。MaoriculturemakesNewZealanduniqueinaglobalizedworldandiscentraltooursenseofplace,identifyingusasanation.ActiveparticipationbyMaoriin
17、distinctMaoriactivity,willensureMaoricultureisprotectedandflourishes.有了毛利文化,新西兰才能在全球一体化的世界里独树一帜;有了毛利文化,我们才有了方位感,才能证明我们是一个国家。毛利人积极参与毛利人特有的活动,才能确保毛利文化得到保护和发扬。TheMinistryforCultureandHeritageistheGovernmentsleadingadviseronculturalmatters;funds,monitorsandsupportsarangeofculturalagencies;anddeliversara
18、ngeofhighqualityculturalproductsandservices.文化遗产部是政府文化事务的首席顾问,主要负责资助、监督、扶持各种文化机构,提供各种优质的文化产品和文化服务。TheMinistryprovidesadvicetotheGovernmentonwheretofocusitsinterventionsintheculturalsector.TheMinistryseekstoensurethatfundingisinvestedaseffectivelyandefficientlyaspossible,andthattheGovernmentsprioriti
19、esaremet.文化遗产部建议政府从哪些方面对文化领域进行集中干预,力保资金投入行之有效,用之高效;力保政府最关心的问题逐一落实。TheMinistryhasastrongtrackrecordofdeliveringhighqualitypublications,managingoursignificantheritageandcommemorations,andactingasguardianofNewZealandsculture.Ourworkprioritiesculturaloutcomesandsupportseducational,economic,andsocialoutc
20、omeslinkingwiththeworkofarangeofothergovernmentagencies.文化遗产部保持着骄人的记录:出版了大量优质的刊物,管理着重要的文化遗产和纪念活动,扮演着新西兰文化守护人的角色。我们的工作以文化成果为主,同时扶持与各种政府机构工作相关的教育成果、经济成果和社会成果。Cultureisproducedbycreativeandinnovativeindividuals,groupsandorganization.Theactivities,goodsandservicestheycreate,produceanddistributehaveavalu
21、ewhichiscultural,socialandeconomic.Culturalexpressionexpandsindividualcapacities,helpsbindsocietyandprovidesjobsandinnovationintheeconomy.文化是由想象力丰富、勇于创新的个人、团体和组织创造出来的。他们创作、生产和传播的各种活动、商品和服务具有文化价值、社会价值和经济价值。文化表达能提升个人能力,增强社会凝聚力,为经济领域提供就业机会和创新源泉。Part2:Chinese-EnglishTranslationPassage1改革开放30多年来,西藏通过深化改革
22、和扩大开放积极推动全区商业、对外贸易和旅游产业加快发展,不仅增强了与内地的交流,同时也加强了与世界的联系和合作。1993年,西藏与全国一道开始建立“框架一致、体制衔接”的社会主义市场经济体制,深化物资、粮食、日用消费品等领域价格流通改革并全面进入市场。目前,西藏已经深深融入全国统一的市场体系,来自全国和世界各地的商品源源不断地进入西藏,丰富着城乡市场和百姓生活。西藏的名、优、特产品及民族手工业产品,大量进入全国市场。Overthepast30yearsormore,throughreformandopeningup,Tibethasbeenproactivelypromotingcommerc
23、e,foreigntradeandtourism.IthasincreasedexchangeswithotherpartsofChinaaswellascommunicationandcooperationwithforeigncountries.In1993Tibetbegantodevelopthesocialistmarketeconomywiththerestofthecountry,growingintoanewsystemwithinthesameframework.Reformshavebeencarriedoutinthepricingandcirculationofgood
24、sandmaterials,grains,andconsumergoods,allofwhichhaveenteredthemarketsystem.CurrentlyTibetisincorporatedintothenationalmarketsystem.CommoditiesfromalloverthenationandacrosstheworldkeepflowingintoTibet,enrichingtheurbanandruralmarketsaswellasthelivesofthepeople.Atthesametime,well-knownandhigh-qualityp
25、roductswithlocalcharacteristicsandfolkhandcraftsaretransportedtootherpartsofthecountryinlargequantities.西藏与世界的经济联系日益密切。2012年,全区进出口总额为34.24亿美元,是1953年0.04亿美元的850多倍,年均增长12.1。截至2012年底,西藏实际利用外资4.7亿美元。西藏立足区位优势,实施面向南亚的陆路贸易大通道建设,大力发展边境贸易。Economically,Tibetisnowmoreandmorecloselylinkedtotheworld.In2012thetot
26、alvolumeofitsforeigntradereached3.424billionU.S.dollars,morethan850timesthatof1953,whichstoodat4millionU.S.dollars,withanannualgrowthrateof12.1percent.Bytheendof2012actualizedforeigninvestmentinTibetwas470millionU.S.dollars.Takingadvantageofitsgeographicalposition,Tibetisbuildinga“commoditypassagewa
27、y”toSouthAsiaviathelandroutetopromotebordertrade.(本译文来自网络)Passage2人类正处于极端天气的适应期,炎热的酷暑、狂暴的飓风、刺骨的严寒以及滔天的洪水近乎成了“常客”。风调雨顺已被视为“奢侈品”。Mankindisinaperiodofadaptationtoextremeweatherconditions.Swelteringsummers,violenthurricanes,freezingwintersandmonstrousfloodshavealmostbecome“frequentvisitors”.Andfavorable
28、weatherhasseemedtobeelevatedtoa“luxury”.气象学家对此众说纷纭,莫衷一是。有的说是全球变暖所致,有的说是大气环流异常,还有的认为厄尔尼诺是罪魁祸首。Meteorologistshavemixedviewsofthis.Somebelievethisshouldbeattributabletoclimatechange,somearguethatextremeclimateiscausedbyatmosphericcirculationanomaly,andstillothersinsistthattheElNinoeffectneedstobeblamed
29、asthemainculprit.尽管如此,大多数学者都认同这样一个观点:全球气候变化速度正在加剧,极端灾害天气今后无疑将更加频繁,并且其强度和范围都将走强。面对日益脆弱的全球气候,人类需要更认真地思考,如何切实有效地规范自身活动,珍爱我们共同的家园。Anyhow,mostscholarsagreeoncertainpropositionsthatglobalclimatechangeisacceleratingandextremeweatherwillgrowmorefrequent,intenseandwide-ranging.Givenanincreasingfrail/evenweakerglobalclimate,mankindneedthinkmorecarefullyabouthowtoeffectivelymanageourownactivitiesandc
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