浙江高考英语冲刺限时训练 2.docx

1、浙江高考英语冲刺限时训练 2第2节世界与环境.阅读理解A(2018浙江十校联盟适应性考试)There is no doubt that our lives wouldnt be the same without cars.But they can also be a problem，especially fossil(化石) fuel cars，which have become a major cause of air pollution.So to help improve the environment，China is going to ban the production and s

2、ales of fossil fuel cars.Xin Guobin，Chinas viceminister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology，said research into the ban has already started，but it hasnt been decided when the ban will go into effect.“These measures will promote big changes in the environment and give motivation to

3、Chinas auto industry development，” he said.The move is just one of Chinas many efforts to lift pressure on the environment after it promised to stop the rise in its carbon dioxide emissions(排放物) by 2030.Chinese drivers are already big fans of electric vehicles.Chinese auto companies including BYD，BA

4、IC and Geely ranked among the top in the world in terms of electric car sales last year.And more than 40 percent of the 753,000 electric vehicles sold worldwide last year were sold in China.Meanwhile，the ban of fossil fuel cars is increasingly becoming a global trend.In July,2017，the French governme

5、nt announced that France would end sales of fossil fuel vehicles by 2040 as part of the countrys plan to meet its goal under the Paris climate accord.And in the same month，the UK followed suit with a similar plan.It also set 2040 as its deadline to stop sales of new fossil fuel vehicles.“All of us w

6、ho drive or use fossil fuel vehicles are contributing to the citys poisonous air，”John Tanner，a councilor in Oxford，UK，told CNBC.“Everyone needs to do their bitfrom national government and local authorities to businesses and residentsto end this public health emergency.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。为了改善环境，减少二氧化碳气体的

7、排放，中国将禁止燃油汽车的生产和销售。1Which measure will China take for environmental protection?AInvesting more in the development of auto industry.BForbidding the consumption on fossil fuel cars.CPromoting the sales of electric vehicles.DDeveloping and using green energy.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，为了改善环境，中国正计划禁止燃油汽车的生产与销

8、售。故选B。2Whats Xin Guobins attitude toward the ban on fossil fuel cars?ACautious. BPositive.CDoubtful. DConcerned.答案B解析观点态度题。根据第二段末句可知，辛国斌认为，禁止燃油汽车的生产和销售会促进环境的改善，并激励中国汽车工业的发展。也就是说他对这一举措是持支持态度的。故选B。3What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AThe government takes full responsibility for environmental

9、 protection.BThe UKs made great achievements in environmental protection.CFossil fuel cars are the root cause of air pollution.DJoint efforts are needed to protect the environment.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，约翰坦纳认为，从国家政府和地方当局到公司和居民，每个人都应为结束这个公众健康危机作出努力。由此可知，保护环境需要人们的共同努力。故选D。B(2018北京西城区高三统一检测)The online

10、 takeaway industry is growing in China along with the rapid development of the Internet economy.But environmental activists complain that the huge volume of plastic utensils(用具)，wrapping and containers presents a great challenge to the environment，and that the heavy use of throwaway wooden chopstick

11、s is reducing natural resources.On September 1，the Beijing No.4 Intermediate Peoples Court accepted a lawsuit filed by the Chongqing Green Volunteer League，an environmental nongovernment organization(NGO)，against the countrys three largest food delivery platformsBaidu Waimai，Ele.me and Meituan.The N

12、GO stated that the companies failed to provide customers with the choice to not receive throwaway plastic utensils along with their food deliveries.Meanwhile，these utensils have created large amounts of rubbish and caused serious ecological damage.In response，both Meituan and Ele.me，which acquired B

13、aidu Waimai in August，have promised to take measures to reduce plastic waste.Meituan announced that it would appoint a chief environmental officer to oversee environmental issues from plastic waste and upgrade its smartphone app to provide consumers with the option of ordering food without singleuse

14、 chopsticks，spoons or napkins.Ele.me followed by offering a similar choice and putting forward a plan to introduce suppliers of degradable(可降解的) plastic utensils to restaurants in the long term.Is there a possible way out? Combined efforts by delivery platforms，consumers，restaurants and government d

15、epartments are required to address plastic waste pollution.For platforms，promoting environmental protection and introducing this idea to consumers are a meaningful move.Moreover，in the future，they should also make strict rules on the use of plastic utensils.For example，no more than one plastic bag s

16、hould be used to wrap soup dishes，and all plastic products should be degradable.It is a long and difficult task for them，and the recent reactions from Ele.me and Meituan are just beginnings.Considering most takeout food packaging is thrown into garbage bins and then taken away along with other house

17、hold garbage，sorting of waste also becomes more important.Government departments could play a major role in this，and by recycling some materials，waste pollution could be reduced and resources saved.Furthermore，there have been growing calls that the government should also invest more in developing de

18、gradable plastic products or environmentally friendly alternatives.Though consumers enjoy the convenience yet also suffer exposure to the pollution，many of them have paid little attention to the plastic waste problem.Environmental groups suggest that consumers change their habits a little by using t

19、heir own utensils and dishes and refusing unnecessary plastic containers.语篇解读本文主要讲述了互联网时代迅速发展的网络业务带来的塑料器具的污染问题，及政府、网络平台和消费者们该如何应对。4The Chongqing Green Volunteer League accused the three food delivery platforms of .Acausing damage to peoples healthBviolating environmental standardsCusing many wooden

20、chopsticksDoffering no utensil option答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The NGO stated that the companies failed to provide customers with the choice to not receive throwaway plastic utensils along with their food deliveries.”可知，重庆市绿色志愿者联合会指控这三种食品外卖平台没有给顾客提供是否需要塑料用具的选择。故选D。5The author suggests food delivery platfor

21、ms .Araise peoples awarenessBresearch possible alternativesCupgrade their application designDhire a chief environmental officer答案A解析推理判断题。根据第五段中的“For platforms，promoting environmental protection and introducing this idea to consumers are a meaningful move.”可知，作者建议食品外卖平台应宣传环境保护，提高人们的环保意识。故选A。6Who pro

22、bably plays a more important role in promoting the categorization of rubbish?AGovernment departments.BFood delivery platforms.CEnvironmental groups.DFast food restaurants.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第六段中的“.sorting of waste also becomes more important，Government departments could play a major role in this，and by re

23、cycling some materials，waste pollution could be reduced and resources saved.”可知，政府部门可能在促进垃圾分类中扮演更重要的角色。故选A。7The passage is mainly concerned with .Awhy environmental problems ariseBwho food delivery platforms affect mostChow plastic utensil pollution can be solvedDwhat efforts environmental groups ha

24、ve made答案C解析主旨大意题。本文讲述了因外卖平台给顾客提供塑料餐具造成了环境污染而受到起诉一事。从而引发作者对如何应对这一难题的建议。因此本文主要关注的是如何解决塑料器具的污染问题。故选C。.完形填空(2017河南开封质检)Do you think an individual can make a difference？Ask Rossano Ercolini，the Goldman Prize winner，which is considered the Nobel Prize for “ 8 ”Ercolini is a young 9 in a small town in Ita

25、ly.After 10 the news of reducing waste on the radio，he decided to teach his students to 11 paper and replace plastic water bottles in the school lunchroom with 12 glasses.When his town announced plans to open an incinerator to burn waste，Ercolini knew it would be 13 to his students.Incinerators are

26、huge heaters that burn all waste and poisonous materials，leaving behind 14 .You might think it is 15 than sending waste to landfills.It is true that landfills 16 space，smell bad，and that poisonous materials can make underground drinking water 17 to use.But incinerators have their own 18 .Burning wil

27、l 19 poisonous gases into the air，causing breathing problems.People will have to wear a mask 20 they go out.The smoke also causes pollution，and even 21 the greenhouse effect.Ercolini was worried about the 22 of his community and felt it was his duty to 23 them.He organized town meetings and talked a

28、bout how to reduce，reuse and recycle. 24 ，Ercolini has advocated the zerowaste movement，the 25 of which is to reduce the waste to the least possible amount.He has already 26 plans for more than 50 incinerators in many Italian cities. 27 his efforts，there are more than 100 zerowaste towns in Italy no

29、w!语篇解读面对很多城市建立垃圾焚烧炉的计划，埃尔科利尼通过自己的努力让人们认识到焚烧垃圾的危害，并且通过倡导“零废弃物运动”使环境变得更加美好，他的努力终于得到了回报。8A.Peace BEnvironmentCMedicine DLiterature答案B解析根据下文可知，埃尔科利尼在收音机上听到减少废弃物的新闻后，开始在课堂上教育学生做和环保有关的事情：教学生再利用纸张、用可重复使用的玻璃杯代替塑料杯等。由此可知，这个奖项是和保护环境(Environment)有关。故选B项。peace和平；medicine药品；literature文学。9A.teacher BfarmerCtraine

30、r Dgardener答案A解析根据下文的“he decided to teach his students.”可知，埃尔科利尼是一位教师(teacher)。10A.watching BreadingChearing Dmaking答案C解析根据空后的“on the radio”可知，他是通过收音机听到(hearing)减少废弃物这一消息的。11A.fold BrollCtear Drecycle答案D解析从空前的reducing waste及空后的replace plastic water bottles可知，此处应指他教学生再利用纸张。fold折叠，折起；roll滚动，翻转；tear撕扯，

31、扯破；recycle再利用，回收使用。根据语境可知选D项。12A.colored BreusableCthick Dvaluable答案B解析本文的主题和“环保”相关，且根据replace可知，此处指用可重复使用的(reusable)玻璃杯代替塑料杯。故选B项。colored有色的；thick厚的；valuable贵重的，有价值的。13A.harmful BnecessaryCsuitable Dconvenient答案A解析根据下文的“burn all waste and poisonous materials”可知，焚烧废弃物和有毒物质对学生是有害的(harmful)。故选A项。necessary必需的；suitable合适的，适当的；convenient方便的，便利的。14A.rock BsandCwater Dash答案D解析由常识可知，垃圾焚烧之后留下的是灰，所以选ash，而不是rock(岩石)、sand(沙子)或者water(水)。15A.worse BharderCbetter Dfurther答案C解析下文介绍的是垃圾填埋的坏处：垃圾填埋场占空间、污染空气、污染水源等，所以此处是说你可能会认为焚烧垃圾要比把它们送到垃圾填埋场更好(better)。故选C项。16A.add Bfill inCcreate Dtake up答