上海牛津版7上unit 1基础知识以及语法点梳理精品教育doc.docx

1、上海牛津版7上unit 1基础知识以及语法点梳理精品教育doc课 题Unit1 Relatives in Beijing基础知识以及语法点梳理教学目的1 使学生能够很好地掌握unit1中的基础词汇以及相关的变形；2讲解本课一些重点句型和形容词副词比较级最高级，使学生在巩固的同时能够向中考考点拓展。教学内容Step1: Greetings & Free talk How are you today? Is there something interesting or important this week? What have you learned in your school? (询问学校课

2、程进度)Step2: Lead in English jokes TOMS EXCUSETeacher: Tom,why are you late for school everyday？Tom: Every time I come to the corner, a sign says, “School-Go Slow.Step3: Key Words 1. invite invait v. 邀请 【词性转换】invitation .invitein n. 邀请；请柬 Ive invited the Smiths to visit us next Friday. 我已经邀请史密斯一家下周五来家

3、玩。 中考词性转换链接：invitation invite inviting invitingly 2. expensive ikspensiv adj. 昂贵的 【近义】dear adj. 贵的 【反义】cheap adj. 便宜的 I think international calls are very expensive. 我认为国际电话费用很高。 3. talk to sb. 与某人谈话 = talk with sb. He stopped to talk to me when seeing me. 看到我的时候，他停下来和我说话4. brochure bru n. 资料手册 Ill

4、send you the brochure right away. 我会马上把资料手册给您寄去。5. agent eidnt n. 代理人；经纪人 【词性转换】agency eidnsi n. 代理处 6. soon su:n adv. 不久；很快；马上 She will be back soon. 他马上就会回来。7. at the end of (August) 在（八月）底 【提示】at the end of本意为“在末端”，用于表示时间、空间中临近结束的意思。 【反义】at the beginning of 在的起点 There is a post office at the end

5、of the street. 街道的尽头有一家邮局。（表示空间概念） We finally graduated at the end of June. 我们终于在六月底毕业了。（表示时间概念）8. swan swn n. 天鹅 This love story is about a swan prince and a swan princess. 这个爱情故事是关于一个天鹅王子和一个天鹅公主的9. raise reiz v. 提升；举起 He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。中考考点链接：1)此处raise意为“提起，举起”，与lift相近。ra

6、ise还可以解释为“饲养；抚养”。 【短语】raise children抚养孩子 raise ones hand举手 raise questions提出问题 raise money for the homeless animals 为无家可归的动物筹款 raise a laugh引起笑声2)注意raise和rise的区别：raise是及物动词，意为“举起；升起”，rise是不及物动词，其后不接宾语，意为“升起；上升”。 After a heavy rain，the river rose two feet大雨之后，河水上涨了2英尺。10. national nnl adj. 国家的 【词性转换】

7、nationality .nnliti n. 国籍 international .intnnl adj. 国际的 nation nein n. 国家 The national news comes after the international news. 国内新闻在国际新闻之后报道。 11. brick brik n. 砖 The wall is built of brick and stone. 这堵墙是砖石砌成的。12. stone stun n. 石头；石料；岩石 This is a stone building. 这是一座石料建筑物。13. mountain mauntin n. 高

8、山；山岳 Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。14. ancient einnt adj. 古老的 Have ever read about ancient Rome? 你读过关于古罗马的故事吗？15. history histri n. 历史 【词性转换】historical histrikl adj. 历史的 History is my favourite subject at school. 历史是我在学校中最喜爱的学科。中考链接：history historical historic 16. i

9、nterest intrist n. 吸引力；趣味 【词性转换】interest v. 使感兴趣 interested adj. 感兴趣的；有兴趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的 I find no interest in such things. 我对这些不敢兴趣。17 holiday hldei n. 历史We really enjoyed our holiday. 我们的假期玩得很开心。18. wonderful wndful adj. 精彩的；令人高兴的 中考考点链接：【词性转换】wonder v. 想知道 n. 奇迹 wonderfully adv. 精彩地，美好地Aft

10、er a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire. 一顿美餐之后，他们就围着营火讲故事、唱歌。19. another n pron. 另一（事物或人） 【比较】one.the other.与one.another.：前者表示只有两样东西，除了一个，就是另一个，所指的东西确定。后者表示所存在的物体多于两个，所指的东西不确定。试比较：Theres not a thing in his left hand. What about the other? 他左手什么东西也没有。另一只手呢？（一共就两只手，除了一只就

11、是另一只） This jacket doesnt fit me well. Show me another, please. 这件夹克不适合我。再拿一种给我看看。（商店里的服装不止一件，试完一件，再试剩下的好多件中的一件） 小试牛刀：用词的适当形式填空1. Mr. and Mrs. Li are at the travel office to ask for some information for their trip to Beijing. (agency)2. If you go to the Palace Museum, you will see many ancient_ (.bui

12、ld)3. We are very_ about our trip to Thailand. (excite)4. The summer holiday is coming. I will_my cousins to visit Shanghai. (invitation)5. Look, therere a lot of _in the Summer Place. (visit)6. I _ what you really wanted to do with the thief. (wonderful) 7As we all know, the Great Wall is one of th

13、e _ in the world. (wonderful)【Keys】 1. agents 2.buildings 3.excited 4.invite 5.visitors 6. wonder 7. wondersStep4: Key sentence structure1. Lets talk to Mum and Kitty. 我们跟妈妈还有基蒂谈谈吧！ talk to意为“与交谈”。我们通常用talk to sb.或talk with sb.来表示“与交谈”的含义。 They taught the little boy not to talk to strangers. 他们教育小男孩

14、不要和陌生人说话。2. Im going to get some brochures from the travel agent. 我打算到旅行社代理人那里拿些小册子。 本例中，get.from.意为“从处得到”。 I get my pocket money of 200 yuan every month from my mother. 我每个月可以从妈妈那儿拿到200元零用钱。3. Yes, wed like to travel to Beijing by plane. 是的，我们想坐飞机去北京。 would like to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”，相当于want to do s

15、th. 如： Id like to have a swim in the sea. 我想去海里游泳。（= I want to have a swim in the sea.） travel to.意为“到旅游”，相当于have a trip to.。 如：We will travel to Hainan Island this summer. 这个夏天我们将去海南岛旅游。（相当于We will have a trip to Hainan Island this summer.）4. How much does it cost? 这要多少钱？ how much引导的特殊疑问句用来询问“（价格）多

16、少”。如： How much does this pen cost? 这支钢笔多少钱？ 中考考点拓展：cost pay take spend 用法辨析 1）sb. spend +时间或钱+ on sth ./ (in) doing sth. He is a rich man. He spend 10,000 yuan on that vase last week. 他很有钱，上周他花了一万元买了个花瓶。 I spent much time playing computer games我花许多时间玩电脑游戏。2)sthcost sb+钱 The Chinese-English dictionar

17、y cost me 20 dollars这本汉英词典花了我20美元。3)sbpay+钱+for+sth He paid 100 yuan for his puppy他花了100元买了只小狗。 4)sbbuy sthfor+钱 They bought 2 bottles of beer for 35 dollars他们花了35美元买了两瓶啤酒。5. The Li family has arrived in Beijing. 李先生一家到达了北京。 the Li family指“李先生一家”。本例中的family为单数，强调“一家人；家庭”。而有时family也可以表示“家庭成员”，此时它是一个集

18、合名词，视作复数。试比较： His family are all waiting for him. 他的家人都在等他。（指家人） My family is large. 我的家是一个大家庭。（指家庭） 中考考点拓展：集合名词表示一群人或一些事物的总称。如：class, family, group, people, army, team, police. arrive in意为“到达”。要注意与arrive at的区别。一般来说，arrive in后常跟国家、城镇等地名，arrive at后常根跟学校、机场、工厂等表示场所或地方的词。试比较：Flight number BA 4793 will

19、arrive in London at 16：50. 英国航空公司4793号班机将于16时50分抵达伦敦。 You must arrive at the airport two hours before the departure time. 你必须在飞机起飞前两小时到达机场。6. It is in the north-west of Beijing. 它（指颐和园）位于北京的西北部。 in the north-west是“在西北部”的意思。要注意“in the + 方位词 + of”与“方位词 + of”的区别。试比较：Japan is east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。（日

20、本与中国是“相离”的位置关系） Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。 （中国与上海市“包含”与“被包含”的位置关系）7. Tourists can see swans swimming on the lake. 游客们可以见到天鹅在湖面上游泳。 see sb./sth. doing sth.是“看到正在做某事”的意思。 要注意“see sb./sth. do sth.”与“see sb./sth. doing sth.”的区别。前者强调看到了动作的整个过程，而后者强调看到了动作的一个片段。试比较： I saw them playing foo

21、tball when I passed the playground. 走过操场的时候，我看到他们正在踢足球。（强调在过操场的那个时刻所看到的东西） I saw them play football all afternoon yesterday. 昨天我看到他们踢了一下午足球。8. People built it a long time ago with bricks and stone. 很久以前人们用砖和石头建造了它（指长城）。 with在本例中是“用”的意思，后面常常加“工具”。1）with的常见含义：a) 和一起；b) 有；拥有；带有；c) 用；使用。 2)with的其他用法有： 用

22、，以(表示使用的工具、材料等) He cut the meat with a knife他用刀切肉。 和一起，同，跟 Youd better discuss it with them你最好和他们一起讨论一下。 对(常与表示情感的形容词连用) My father was angry with me我父亲对我很生气。 Youll have to be patient with your pupils你对学生必须耐心。 因为，由于My grandma was down with flu我的祖母由于流感而病倒了。9. It can hold more than one million people.

23、它（指天安门广场）可以容纳一百多万人。 1)此处hold意为“容纳，装得下”。hold还可以解释为“拿住，握住，抓住”。 How much water does the jug hold? 这个壶可以盛多少水? People hold their hats and coats tightly in the street on a windy day在刮风的日子里，街上的人紧紧地抓住自己的帽子和外衣。 2)more than意为“多于”，相当于over。【反义】less than少于10. The children are planning to visit different places o

24、f interest in Beijing. 孩子们正打算参观北京不同地方的名胜景点。 plan to do sth. 是“打算做”的意思。 a place of interest是“名胜景点”的意思。11. She is writing a letter to her cousin, Lucy. 她（基蒂）正在给她的堂妹露西写信。 write a letter to sb.是“给写信”的意思。我们可以简单地说成write to sb. 如：Ill write to you again, Laura. 劳拉，我还会再给你写信的。 反义：hear from sb 收到某人的来信12. Ben a

25、nd I had a wonderful time in Beijing. 我和本在北京玩得很开心。 have a wonderful time与have a very good time以及enjoy oneself意思相近，都表示“玩得很高兴；过得很愉快”。如：Did you have a good time/enjoy yourself last week in Beijing? 上个星期你在北京玩得开心吗？活学活用：Read and choose the best answer.1. My parents are going to visit the Summer Palace _ 2

26、nd October. A. at B. in C. by D. on 2. My new bedroom is _ than the old one. A. big B. much bigger C. more big D. more bigger 3. Kitty is talking _ Ben _ their trip to Beijing. A. with; for B. to; about C. to; with D. with; of 4. My grandparents_ in the countryside for about sixty years. A. lives B.

27、 lived C. live D. have lived 解析：答案选D。后面带了表示一段时间的时间状语，要用现在完成时。5. _ does it take to travel from your hometown to Shanghai by train? A. How long B. How much C. How often D. How far6. On my way to school, I saw a street sweeper _ the rubbish carefully. A. collect B. collected C. collecting D. to collect

28、 解析：答案选C。此处只能用see sb doing sth, 不能用see sb do sth . 前者强调看到了动作的一个片段，而后者强调看到了动作的整个过程，题目中交代了具体的时间点。7. He has _ home. A. come to B. come back C. went D. went back 8. We havent heard form them _ last month. A. since B. by the end of C. for D. until 解析：答案选A。since 带过去时间点，句子时态用现在完成时。9. How long have you _ th

29、ere? About four years. A. come B. gone C. left D. worked 解析：答案选D。现在完成时的句子后面带了一段时间时，只能用持续性动词。10. Thank you _ us to visit you . A. to invite B. inviting C. invited D. for inviting 11. How much does this house _? A. spend B. take C. pay D. cost 解析：答案选D。1）sb. spend +时间或钱+ on sth ./ (in) doing sth. 2)sth

30、cost sb+钱3)sbpay+钱+for+sth 4)sbbuy sthfor+钱12. Would you like _ cup of coffee? A. another B. other C. others D. the other 【Keys】1-5 DBBDA 6-10 CBADD 11-12. DAStep 5: Grammar1. 形容词与副词的比较级以及最高级：规则变化（1）一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级er ， 最高级est clevercleverercleverest , fewfewerfewest , smallsmallersmallest等（2）以e结尾的词，比较级r，最高级st即可 nicenicernicest, cutecutercutest, largelargerlargest（3）以辅音字母y结尾的变y为ier或est easyeasiereasiest, happyhappierhappiest, 再如：early , busy , he