雅思小作文PProcess Chart流程图攻略及范文汇总.docx

1、雅思小作文PProcess Chart流程图攻略及范文汇总流程图写作要点：1流程图基本不会出现数据，文字信息占主要地位；2流程图以描述为主，比较的机会比图表题少；3流程图中出现的信息都需要描述，而普通图表则不需要描述每一个数据；4流程图的时态多比较单一，主要用一般现在时；5流程图的分段比较灵活，只要不同阶段之间的差距很明显，就可以另起一段。描述流程五大步：1首先说明该过程是做什么工作的，目的是什么。2准备工作。3按时间过程先后描述。4对比。5简单总结(可有可无)。To begin with/ next/ then/ later/ finallyMeanwhile/ at the same ti

2、me阶段间进行比较：例1：In two weeks，the fry will grow up to two inches long解析：原句过于简单，可以增加鱼苗和前一阶段的比较。改正：In two weeks, the fry will grow up to two inches long, more than twice longer than it was when hatched在两周时间内，鱼苗长到了两英寸，比刚孵化时长两倍还要多。例2：In the second step，workers will rinse bottle glass of any colour解析：原句过于简单，

3、可以增加一点说明，譬如说关于第二阶段产生的变化和结果。改正：In the second step，workers will rinse bottle glass of any colourWhile the glass in the first phase is possibly life-threatening and contaminated，the glass is now hygeian and ready for the next stage of the recycling process大意：在第二步，工作人员会清洗各种颜色的玻璃。第一阶段的玻璃可能是危害健康并被污染的，而这一阶

4、段的玻璃是卫生的，可以为循环过程的下一步做准备。例3：In the second phase of urban sprawl，land developers start to build a residential area解析：原句过于简单，可以增加一点说明，譬如说关于第二阶段的功能和目的。改正： In the second phase of urban sprawl，land developers start to build a residential areaIt is to serve the needs of those people working in those office

5、 blocks and factories built in the first phase大意：在城市扩张的第二阶段，土地开发商开始建造居民区。这是为了满足在第一阶段所建办公楼和工厂里工作的人们的需要。例文-1You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.The flowchart illustrates the production of coloured plastic paper clips in a small factory.Write a report for a university tutor describing the pr

6、oduction process.There are four main stages in the production of plastic paper clips from this small factory. Two of these stages involve actual preparation of the clips, while the other two consist of quality control before the clips are sent out from the factory to the retailers to be sold to the

7、public.To begin with, molten plastic is poured into three different moulds depending on the colour required; the colours are red, blue and yellow. Once these clips emerge from the moulds a quality control machine checks them for strength. Unsatisfactory clips are rejected. In the third stage in the

8、process the clips are stored by hand into two groups, mixed and single colours. When this stage is complete the groups are checked a second time to ensure that the colour mixtures are divided correctly into single colours and mixed colour batches. Finally, the clips are packed and dispatched to the

9、markets. (152 words)例文-2The illustrations below show how chocolate is produced. Summarise the informaiton by selecting and reporting the main features.The diagram shows the stages in the process of making chocolate.【所有的小作文第一句话都要用一般现在时。流程图必备三个词：process：整个过程, stage：阶段，step：步骤】Chocolate comes from the

10、cacao tree, which is grown in parts of South America, Africa and Indonesia.【开头不能冲上来就直接介绍cacao tree，而是通过主题词chocolate引出，否则显得太唐突】【流程图特点之一：介 绍过程要使用一般现在时】【流程图特点之二：大量使用定语从句，将有关联的两句话连接。】【流程图特点之三：大量使用被动语态】The tree produces large red pods which contain white cocoa beans. Firstly,【流程图特点之四：使用一些表示顺序的连接词】when th

11、e pods are ripe, they are harvested, the beans are removed and they are fermented for several days in large wooden boxes.【三个句子的并列：“句子A，句子B and 句子C”。】During the fermenting process, the beans turn brown.【流程图特点之五：要 适当地添加个别图中没有交代但能从图片中直接读出来的的一些内容，否则可能达不到字数要求。但是一定要把握尺度，千万不要加上自己的主观观点，否则会扣 分】Next, the brow

12、n beans are spread in the sun to dry. They are then put in large sacks and transported by train or lorry. After this, the beans are taken to a chocolate factory where they are roasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250 and 350 degree Celsius.After being roasted, the beans are crushed and the

13、outer shell is removed. This part is not needed for making chocolate. Finally, the inner part of the bean is pressed and liquid chocolate is produced.例文You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.The diagram below shows the process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry.Summar

14、ise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Brick manufacturing* Clay: type of sticky earth that is used for making bricks, pots, etc.【满分范文】The process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry can be outlined in seven consec

15、utive steps. First the raw material, clay, which was just below the surface of soil in certain clay-rich areas has to be dug up by a digger.Then the lumps of clay are placed on a metal grid in order to break up the big chunks of clay into much smaller areas, which fall through the metal grid onto a

16、roller, whose motion further segregates the bits of clay. Sand and water are added to make a homogenous mixture, which is then either formed in moulds or cut into brick-shaped pieces by means of a wire cutter.Those fresh bricks are then kept in a drying oven for at least 24 and a maximum of 48 hours

17、, several dozens if not hundreds of bricks at a time. The dried bricks are then transferred to a so-called kiln, another type of high temperature oven. First they are kept at a moderate temperature of 200 -1300 . This process is followed by cooling down the finished bricks for 48 to 72 hours in a co

18、oling chamber.Once the bricks have cooled down and have become hard, they get packaged and delivered to their final destination, be it a building site or storage.(215 words)【考官评语】Band 9This response fully satisfies the requirements of the task. All key features of each stage of the process are appro

19、priately and accurately presented. An excellent overview is given at the beginning of the response and this skilfully incorporates part of the rubric, changing the grammatical function, to give a brief summary of the whole process. The message is very easy to read, with seamless cohesion that attrac

20、ts no attention. Paragraphing, linking and referencing are all skilfully managed. The language used is very fluent and sophisticated. A wide range of vocabulary and structures are used with full flexibility and accuracy. Only rare minor slips can be found and these do not detract from the high ratin

21、g. 写作剑桥范文解析 流程图下面是剑桥6的test 3 考到的流程图，考官给的范文。范文中有两步考官直接就写成一步，本来是3-8天和16天两个时间段，缩成了3个星期，大家写的时候可以分别写，不用写这么 精练。考官范文：The first diagram shows that there are four main stages in the life of the silkworm. 第一个图显示了，在蚕的生命过程中主要有四步。First of all, eggs are produced by the moth and it takes ten days for each egg to b

22、ecome a silkworm larva that feeds on mulberry leaves. 首先，蛾子产出卵，每个卵用10天的时间变成蚕的幼虫， 他们以桑叶为食。This stage lasts for up to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of silk thread around itself. 这个阶段持续最多到六个星期，直到幼虫周围生产出茧（silk thread）. After a period of about three weeks, the adult moths eventually emerge

23、from these cocoons and the life cycle begins again. 经过三个星期的一段时间之后，成年的蛾子最终从茧里面出来，这个生命的循环就再一次开始了。The cocoons are the raw material used for the production of silk cloth. 茧是生产丝绸的原材料。Once selected, they are boiled in water and the thread can be separated in the unwinding stage. 一旦被挑选出来，他们在水里煮沸，丝可以在打开的阶段中

24、被分离出来。Each thread is between 300 and 900 metres long, which means they can be twisted together, dyed and then used to produce cloth in the weaving stage. 每条丝是300到900米长，这就意味着，他们能够被缠绕在一起，染色，然后在织布阶段被用于生产布品。Overall, the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the silk worm can be used to produce silk clo

25、th through a very simple process.范文总结：1 163个字。2 使用了很多合适的关联词，见阴影部分。3 主要是简单的并列句。4 句型，搭配了一些被动语态。5 动词使用丰富：produce, feed on, last, emerge, select, boil, separate, unwind, twist (多数原词带入)6 名词比较专业：life cycle, raw material.表述时间：in 10 days, during the period of 10 days, The process lasts for up to 10 days. af

26、ter 10 days, 10 days passed utill something happened.表示然后：then, next, in the next state, following that, after that, the next step in the stage is .表示过程：process, procedure, formation, development表示步骤：step, stage, phase方法： 找到流程图的过程，起点，终点。 找到图上标出的已知动作，如果出现生词，尽量猜测。无词，用自己语言。 按照步骤，分段描述，千万不能省略任何一步。 切记！加入流

27、畅合理的表示顺序的关联词。 句型以主动为主，搭配被动，以及主语从句（例如：It can be seen from the graph that）时态要使用一般现在时补充的表达方式流程图常用词汇：时间阶段： after a period of .months/days/minutes, during顺序连词： first, first of all, in the first stage, initially, to begin with Second, then, next, also After that, at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhi

28、le Prior to, untilthe first stage involves / in the second stage / in the third stage /in the last stage/The next step in the stage is that.目的连词： in order to / in order that; so as to / so that常见动词： Produce生产, lay放置, put, accumulate积 累 gather / collect / 收集obtain获 得, Heat up加热expand膨胀bend弯 曲turn off

29、关闭cool down冷却disconnect断 开连接spin旋转, 纺, strike打 击,Compress压缩, release释放, move, flow流 动, accelerate加速, form形成, Press按 压, adjust调整, absorb吸收, , process加 工, Rotate旋转, chop坎, grind磨(碎), 碾(碎), Light点燃, burn燃烧, ignite点燃, Reflect 反光， turn 转，starts开始stops结束records录 音turns up调高turns down调低，winds缠 绕unwinds解开re

30、volves旋转(spin, rotate)fold折迭unfold打 开reverse颠倒，倒转Adapt 适应 adjust 调整 alter 改变cure 治愈 disappear消 失dissolve溶化,解散exchange 交换expand扩张, 膨胀 fade 退色increase增长promote促进, 升职reduce 减少renew使更新,使 恢复renovate革新,更新,修 复replace取代swell肿胀 switch改 变 transform.:完全改变 vary改变swap:交 换shrink 收缩, melt溶解heal治 愈，cure 治愈form/come

31、 into being/take shape 形成produce 生产 /gain /get/ acquire 获取 evaporate 蒸发/volatilize 挥发 draw 提取/ recycle 回收/ extract 拔/ absorb 吸收 /collect/ 收集 meet 相遇 / be made up of/由。组成 be made of由。制成/ be made from 由 。制成 /feed on 以。为食/depend on /rely on 依赖 /release/send out 释放/sort分类 /separate 分开 conveyed 运送cut int

32、o 切成 poured into 倒入poured into 倒入a heated 加热 melted into 融化成flows into 流入 图表作文官方6分范文在 考生中，普遍存在一种观点，认为小作文只占 1/3 的比重，而大作文占了 2/3 ，所以在复习的时候应该以大作文为重，考试的时候也应该先写大作文，而后再写小作文。但是在对考生实际考分的观察中我们发现，往往小作文写得好的同学，作文的总分相对较高。之前有个基础班的女生，把时间都花在了小作文上，大作文只写了个开头，但作文的总分居然拿到了 5 分。 这是什么原因呢？因为大作文在短时间内提高有限，而小作文却因套路很多，句式有限，在短时间内只要认真学习，就不难提高。所以要特别提醒广大考生，尤其是 时间非常仓促的考生