考研英语一真题及解析可编辑word版本.docx

1、考研英语一真题及解析可编辑word版本2020考研英语一真题及解析可编辑2020年研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一）Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families dont sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions

2、 of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nations great traditions; the Sunday roast. _1_ a cold winters day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now, the food police are determined our health. That this_3_should be rendered yet another guilty pleasure _

3、4_ to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has _5_ a public warning about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked _6_ high temperatures. This means that people should _7_ crisping their roast potatoes, spurn thin-crust pizzas and only _8_ toast their

4、 bread. But where is the evidence to support such alarmist advice? _9_ studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no _10_ evidence that it causes cancer in humans. Scientists say the compound is _11_ to be carcinogenic but have no hard scientific proof. _12_ t

5、he precautionary principle, it could be argued that it is _13_ to follow the FSA advice. _14_, it was rumored that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a _15_. Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be _16_ up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, withou

6、t the Yorkshire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? _17_, the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods _18_, but to reduce their lifetime intake. However, their _19_ risks coming across as exhortation and nannying. Constant health scares just _20_ with no one listeni

7、ng.1. A In B Towards C On D Till2. A match B express C satisfy D influence3. A patience B enjoyment C surprise D concern4. A intensified B privileged C compelled D guaranteed5. A issued B received C ignored D canceled6. A under B at C for D by7. A forget B regret C finish D avoid8. A partially B reg

8、ularly C easily D initially9. A Unless B Since C If D While10. A secondary B external C inconclusive D negative11. A insufficient B bound C likely D slow12. A On the basis of B At the cost of C In addition to D In contrast to13. A interesting B advisable C urgent D fortunate14. A As usual B In parti

9、cular C By definition D After all15. A resemblance B combination C connection D pattern16. A made B served C saved D used17. A To be fair B For instance C To be brief D in general18. A reluctantly B entirely C gradually D carefully19. A promise B experience C campaign D competition20. A follow up B

10、pick up C open up D end upSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year

11、with a call to institute a UK town of culture award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for zoz1. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in

12、220m of investment and an avalanche of arts, out not to be confined to cities. Britain town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event,

13、 attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sough-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Liverpool in 2008. A cynic might speculate

14、 that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such title

15、s are not a cure-all. A badly run year of culture washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-

16、profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light. It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorit

17、ies, the private sector, community. groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgows year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A town of culture

18、 could be not just about the arts but about honoring a towns peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21.Copper and her colleague argue that a town of culture award would _.A. consolidate the town city tie

19、s in BritainB. promote cooperation among Brains townsC. increase the economic strength of Brains townsD. focus Brains limited resources on cultural events.22.According to paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as _.A. a sensible compromiseB. a self-deceiving attemptC. an eye-catching bo

20、nusD. an inaccessible target23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it _A. endeavor to maintain its imageB. meets the aspiration of its peopleC. brings its local arts to prominenceD. commits to its long-term growth24. “Glasgow” is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present _A. a c

21、ontrasting caseB. a supporting exampleC. a background storyD. a related topic25. What is the authors attitude towards the proposal?A. Skeptical B. Objective C. Favorable D. CriticalText 2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money. Scientists need joumals in which to publish their r

22、esearch, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the production of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publ

23、isher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing industry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch

24、giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world , made profits of more than 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research; both figures seem to rise unstoppably de

25、spite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015. The success

26、of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding b

27、odies. In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms: either freely available from the moment of publication, or paywalled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general

28、 release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their product free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around 500 to $5,000. A report last year p

29、ointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these “article preparation costs” had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation. In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet: labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while hu

30、ge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as“a licence to print money partly because_A its funding has enjoyed a steady increase .B its marketing strategy has been successful.C its payment for pee

31、r review is reduced.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have_A thrived mainly on university libraries.B gone through an existential crisis.C revived the publishing industry.D financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub?A Relieved.B Puzzled.C ConcernedD Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Pa