英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华.docx

1、英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华汉英翻译基础教程第一章 汉英词汇比较与翻译第二章词法翻译的一般技巧第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第四章动词的翻译11第五章数词和冠词的翻译12第六章成语的英译13第七章 修辞格的翻译17笫八章 文化词语的翻译19第九章 汉英句子比较与翻译20第十章 换序和转态译法23笫十一章断句合句译法25笫十二章长句的翻译27第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译29第十五章风格与翻译30第十六章语用与翻译32章 汉英词汇比较与翻译1.The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common c

2、oncern2.Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3.They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4.Everyone complained against such a practice.5.They had a dispute at the meeting.6.You should follow the doctors advice.7.They reached a consensus on this

3、 issue.8.There is still some unfinished business to settle.9.We have consulted him about the matter.10.Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now 第二节 翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。1.That depends upon circumstances.2.This state of affairs must be changed.3.How do matters stand with them?4.He pre

4、sents all his books to the library5.A teacher should devote himself to the cause of education.6.The committee consists of 15 members.7.Air is made up of a mixture of gases.8.Go in for rigorous training and set strict3?mand.二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。1set sail2.open quotation3.the beginning of spring4.go int

5、o operation5be taken in6.make progress7.distinguished guests8.be on duty三、翻译下列各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义范围。1.It rained cats and dogs (hard / heavily) three days on end (in succession / running).2.He likes talking big (talking large / talking horse /talking tall)/ he likes saying big words (large words) .3.They a

6、re giving the classroom a good (general / spring / through) clean(ing).4.A person like him is by no means (in no way / on no account / never / not absolutely) rare.5.We should go in for industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.6.If you do it like that, youll be completely (gravely /

7、seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).第三节 翻译中的多样性一、翻译下列句子，注意画线词的多样性译法。1.” Second Sister chuckled,It sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind, How wouldit be if we were to betroth you to him?2.Through clenched teeth

8、 he added, .3.She bore me no grudge, replied Xifeng. It was Baoyu who made her grind her teeth withrage just before she died. 4.But after her initial fright Xifeng put on a bold face. If shes dead, she retorted, Whatsall the fuss about?二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分的成语。1.The more you get, the more you want.2.It s

9、only natural for man to hanker for more.3.Goodness knows what theyre being so secretive about.4.Shes been creeping in here the last couple of days in a very sneaky way. Goodness knowswhat shes up to.5.Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?6.Anything will do; dont fuss.7.Our grandma is ill; d

10、ont kick up such a shindy.口语：吵架。争吵，打架）8.When others heard this they commented, “Wethought it was someone whomattered isnt worth making such a fuss about. ”第二章 词法翻译的一般技巧第一节 对等译法假朋友”2. a loving parent4. a virtuous wife6. a hardworking student一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的1.a faithful Christian3.an obedient child5.

11、a dutiful husband7.strong wind 8. thick fog9 heavy rain二、 翻译下列句子，注意不顾语境而产生的 “假朋友 ”。1.Only when they find much n common and hope to keep in touch later on, will they offer their cards. （注意不要把 “投机”翻译成 speculative）2.Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheles

12、s, it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics.3.Dear young friends, my advice to you is: Do physical exercises perseveringly. That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting. Good health is the wherewithal for a successful li

13、fe and career.三、 用对等译法，翻译下列成语。1.fish in troubled waters2.be after ones own heart3.skin and bones4.touch and go5.hit the nail on the head6.be head and shoulders above others7.turn a deaf ear to8.burn ones boat9.turn a blind eye to10.look for a needle in a bundle of hay四、 用对等译法，翻译下列谚语。1.Practice makes

14、 perfect.2.More haste, less speed.3.East or west, home is best.4.All is fish that comes to the net.5.Everything comes to him who waits6.The moon is not seen when the sun shines7.Look before you leap.8.There is no smoke without fire.第二节 增词译法一、翻译下列句子，注意增补冠词1.Even a child can answer this question.2.Thi

15、s is the head of our delegation3.He put the paper aside and turned on the radio.4.The Chinese people are industrious and brave.5.We must have faith in the masses.6.The compass was invented in China7.The moon moves around the earth.二、翻译下列句子，注意增补代词。1.Hand in your exercise-books, please.2.I cant expres

16、s myself in English.3.Liberalism manifests itself in various ways.4.Dont overwork yourself.5.I wish to avail myself of this opportunity to express our gratitude to you.三、翻译下列句子，注意增补动词。1.They are in high spirits.2.They beamed with joy.3.He is quick of eye and deft of hand.4.This article is easy to re

17、ad and understand5.I stood aloof from him.四、翻译下列句子，注意增补介词。l.The book is very popular among young people.2.She inquired about your illness.3.The mountain is l,000 feet above the sea level.4.Shut the door after/when you go out.5.Dinner was at one oclock.6.We rejoice at every victory you win.五、翻译下列句子，注

18、意增补连词。1.Promote physical culture and build up the peoples health2.Men and women, old and young, all joined in the battle.3.We worked neither for fame nor for personal gain.4.We should strike while the iron is hot.5.I shall stay here until Ive completed my studies.六、翻译下列句子或短语，从文化角度增补词语。1.You might ha

19、ve the genius of Li Bai or Du Fu, who was a great poet in the TangDynasty and the moral worth of Yan Hui or Zeng Shen both of them weredisciples of Confucius no one would ask your advice.2.to show off ones proficiency with the ax before Lu Ban the master carpenter3.Jigong, Robin Hood in China, robbe

20、d the rich and helped the poor.4.let a hundred flowers bloom, permit the airing of conflicting views5.black children, who are born in violation of Chinas one-child policy 第三节 减词译法一、翻译下列句子注意省略原文的范畴词。1.Reform and opening-up reversed the stagnation of national economy2.His rudeness shocked me.3.He has

21、undertaken/taken up the translation of Lu Xuns works.4.The export is not permitted to exceed its limit.5.The discussion covers Sino-US relations.6.In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China.7.His arrogance made everyone dislike him.8.Now birth control b

22、ecame a possibility.9.China is carrying out nationwide pollution control and environmental protection.10.During the talk, their discussion centered around the protection of intellectual properties rights.11.promote peaceful reunification12.Our import-export in the first half of this year has gone ve

23、ry well.二、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文的重复成分。1.The two sides held that Sino-US relations should be viewed in a global context and from aperspective of the future and the 21st century in particular.2.When problems emerge, they can be easily put right.3.distance/length/size/height4.Increase the awareness about self-r

24、eliance, competition, efficiency, and democracy and therule of law, as well as the pioneering and innovation spirit.5.Silence! Silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence.6.Productive forces are the most dynamic and the most revolutionary factors as well as theultimate decisive for

25、ce of social development.7.Our party must always represent the development trend of Chinas advanced productiveforces; the orientation of Chinas advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of theoverwhelming majority of people in China.三、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文中多余的或空洞的词语。1.I went there to have a look. All

26、I remember now is that the guards at the entrance were Swisssoldiers in yellow uniforms.2.We need to import advanced industrial equipment.3.P ast exp erie nces teach us4.That is a facade.5.We must adhere to the principle of plain living and hard struggle.6.We must carry forward and promote the spiri

27、t of practicality, truth-seeking and courage ininnovation.7.This shattered his illusion.8.We demand that US government apologize to China for this incident.9.Encourage both Chinese and overseas investments in the central and western regions.第四节 合并译法一、运用合并译法，翻译下列四字成语或词组。1.fine words2.glib tongue3.exh

28、austed4.stumbling5.move forces6.burn ones boat2.合并译法 ,翻译下列句子。1.We must have this ambition.2.I got into my old rags and my sugar-hogshead again, and was free and satisfied.3.Each of the five performances enjoyed a full house, with many spectators having to stand.4.He is determined to turn over a new

29、leaf.5.He worked hard at his studies even in early childhood.6.The Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are of the same flesh and blood.7.All the staff unite in absolute sincerity.8.Before you came, I did nothing but idle and drift into anything that offered itself.9.He sought the distraction

30、 of distance.第五节 转性译法一、翻译下列句子，注意汉语形容词和剐词的转译。1.There is no difference in their views.2.We found difficulty in solving this complicated problem.3.The delegatesunanimously expressedtheir determination to oppose the nuclear weapons4.His new book is a great success.5.He looked at me in amazement.6.The su

31、n shines over the earth.7.The news quickly spread throughout the world.8.Her voice rings through the house.9.This area is densely populated.10.Our government shows great concern for the Chinese students abroad.11.They give this famous writer a warm welcome.12.She acted as a reluctant tourist guide.13.She has a strong desire to see him.14.I will give an immediate reply.15.Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.三、翻译下列句子，注意其中名词的转译情况。1.Oxyg