英语高考英语阅读理解科普环保解题技巧超强及练习题含答案.docx

1、英语高考英语阅读理解科普环保解题技巧超强及练习题含答案【英语】高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Moving in with a boyfriend causes women to eat more unhealthily and put on weight. But the opposite is true for men, whose long-term health benefits when they move in with a female partn

2、er. Dieticians at Newcastle University said both partners try to please one another, and so change their dietary habits to suit their other half. It leads men to eat more light meals, such as salads, fruit and vegetables, while women choose to make creamier, heavier dishes curry or rich pasta sauces

3、, which may please their partner. Women still have the strongest long-term influence over the couples diet and lifestyle, as they still have the traditional role of shopper and cook in most households. The report, by Newcastle Universitys Human Nutrition Research Centre, reviewed the finding of a va

4、riety of research projects from the UK, North America and Australia, which looked at the eating and lifestyle habits of couples. The research shows that women are more likely to put on weight and increase their consumption of foods high in fat and sugar when they move in with their partner Women als

5、o use food as a comfort when dealing with emotional stress and have been found to gain weight when a relationship ends, while the same finding has not been observed in men. Many couples reported food as being central to their partnership, and eating together in the evening was particularly important

6、 to many. Report author and registered dietician Dr. Amelia Lake said, The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration.（1）According to the passage, moving in with a girlfriend, me

7、n _. A.have few changes of their dietary habitsB.have to eat more unhealthy foodsC.dont like foods high in fat and sugar at allD.try to eat foods that their girlfriends like（2）The underlined word light (in Paragraph 4) probably means _. A.not very heavyB.less in fat and sugarC.gentleD.not serious or

8、 important（3）According to the report by Newcastle Universitys Human Nutrition Research Centre, _. A.women put on weight only because they want to suit their other halfB.when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habitsC.eating together in the evening is a good way to co

9、mmunicate for couplesD.it is wrong to change your dietary habits to suit your partner（4）From the passage, we can infer that _. A.women should pay more attention to their partners influence on themB.more men will play roles of shopper and cook in most householdsC.couples will not change their dietary

10、 habits and lifestyle to please their partnerD.long-term health of men benefits when they move in with a female partner（5）What would be the best title for the passage? A.Dont be silly any more, women!B.Which are better dietary habits?C.Boyfriends make you fatD.Dr. Amelia Lake and his study【答案】 （1）D（

11、2）B（3）C（4）A（5）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，纽卡斯尔大学的营养学专家的研究表明，同居让女人发胖让男人更健康。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“which may please their partner”可知，男女双方会改变自己的饮食习惯来迎合对方，因此男士会吃他的女伴喜欢吃的食物。故选D。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“salads, fruit and vegetables”可推断，light在此是“清淡的”的意思，脂肪和糖的含量比较少。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“eating together in the evening was p

12、articularly important to many.”晚上一起吃饭对许多人来说特别重要，可知选C。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration.”研究表明你的伴侣对你的生活方式有很大的影响,那些试图过上健康生活的人应该考虑到这一因素。可选A。 （5）考查主旨大

13、意。纽卡斯尔大学的营养学专家的研究表明，同居让女人发胖让男人更健康。C项幽默风趣，能吸引读者的注意，并切中文章的主题。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Throughout much of human history, man has been the measure of many, if not all, things. Lengths were

14、 divided up into feet and smaller units from the human hand. Other measures were equally characteristic. Mediterranean traders for centuries used the weight of grains of wheat to define (定义) their units of mass. The Romans used libra, forerunner of the pound, by referring to the weight of a carob (角

15、豆树) seed. The sizes of similarly named units could also differ. The kings foot, used in France for nearly 1, 000 years after its introduction by Charlemagne in around 790 AD, was, at 32.5cm, around a centimeter shorter than the Belgic foot, used in England until 1300.Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian v

16、ersions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos, Nor was there agreement on such things within countries. In France, where there was no unified (统一的) measurement system at the national level, the situation was particularly terrible. The lieue (former measure of distance)

17、, for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south. Although John Wilkins, an Englishman, first put forward a decimal system (十进制) of measurement in 1668, it was the French who in 1799 made it law. The Systme International dUnits (SI, or the metric system, as it is be

18、tter known) developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States. Now the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris is set to give the metric system its biggest shake-up yet. At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 1

19、6th, 2018, the worlds measurement bodies are almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units, including the kilogram, will follow the other three, including the metre, in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants (物理常数).Each of the chosen co

20、nstants has been measured incredibly precisely, which would mean that from May 20th 2019 the constants will themselves be fixed at their current values for ever. Any laboratory in the world will then be able to measure, for example, the mass of an object as precisely as the accuracy of their equipme

21、nt will allow.（1）What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A.Pound went before libra in measurement.B.Different things used to be adopted as measures.C.Grains were accepted as measures by the Romans.D.Fixed measurement systems were gradually formed.（2）How does the author develop the second paragraph? A.

22、In time order.B.By analysis.C.In space order.D.By comparison.（3）Which of the following countries used SI as an official measurement? A.France.B.Liberia.C.America.D.Myanmar.（4）What will the worlds measurement bodies achieve at the meeting held in Versailles? A.They will come up with seven new SI unit

23、s.B.They will set May 20th as a new international festival.C.They will redefine four SI units including the kilogram.D.They will decide on a new measure used in the laboratory.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，法国凡尔赛宫举办的国际计量大会，将对目前使用的国际单位制中的四个基本单位进行重新定义，其中包括对千克的重新定义。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“man has be

24、en the measure of many, if not all, things ”以及下文提到的用作计量单位的手、脚、谷物重量和参考角豆种子重量的磅可知，本段主要讲述了不同的东西被用作计量单位。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The kings foot .around a centimetre shorter than the Belgic foot”和“Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos,以

25、及The lieue (former measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south”可推知，本段作者主要运用了对比的写作方法，把同一计量单位在不同国家之间或者在同一国家不同区域间的差异进行了说明。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“it was the French who in 1799 made it law和The Systme International dUnits (SI, or the metric system

26、, as it is better known)developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States ”可知，在所给出的四个国家中，只有法国采用国际单位制(SI)。国际单位制是现时世界上最普遍采用的标准度量衡单位系统，采用十进制进位系统。故选A。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th, 2018, the wor

27、lds measurement bodies are almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units.will follow the other three.in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants”可知，在法国凡尔赛宫召开的会议上，七个基本计量单位中的四个将被重新定义，其中包括对千克的重新定义。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需

28、要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Why does time seem to fly by faster as we get old? Youve got your aging brain to blame. This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神经元). New research suggests rapid fire abilities of the young br

29、ain allow us to process more information during youth, causing the days to seem longer earlier in life. However, as we get old, researchers say the older brain takes more time to process information. The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the journal

30、European Review this week According to Adrian Bejan, the J. A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke, the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play, a major role in our perception (知觉) of time as we get old. Over the years these structures become more complex and eventually begin to

31、 degrade. Little babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because theyre processing images at a faster rate, Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though theyre happening more quickly.（1）What causes time to fly faster as we get old? A.Changes of our nerves and neurons.B.Information in our brain.C.The electrical signals.D.Rapid fire abilities.（2）What is unavoidable in the process of getting old? A.Longer days.B.Aging brains.C.Mor