英语四级段落信息匹配题技巧及练习题.docx

1、英语四级段落信息匹配题技巧及练习题英语四级段落信息匹配题一、英语四级段落信息匹配题是什么？原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。四级考试需要各位同学做的是，大家需要去看十个左右的段落，然后去匹配十个信息点。但是到六级当中，我们的难度就要增加了，我们见到的情况是六级当中变成了15个段落，去匹配十个信息点。但总体来看，不管题型怎么变，其实学习方法没变，还是仍旧需要大家提高阅读的能力，比如说读文章的时候，是不是直接拿英语读，如果读

2、快速阅读的时候，还是拿中文边翻译边读的话，会发现阅读速度一直会比较慢，所以那么长的文章很难找到细节，所以大家一定要养成拿英语直接阅读的这样一种习惯，这样才能保证我们的阅读真正速度又快又准。二、样题：Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fro

3、m which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Universities Branch OutA) As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of

4、national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow o

5、f goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability. B) In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking st

6、udents from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for

7、the benefit of all humanity. C) Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in

8、2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States a

9、nd 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at Americas best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors i

10、n science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad. D) Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,0

11、00 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvar

12、d have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunityand providing the financial resources to make it possible. E) Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another

13、 country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghais Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students w

14、orking in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xus Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting

15、 research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team. F) As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the

16、mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础 设 施 ) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by

17、 Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology com

18、panies have set up shop around the university. G) For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been

19、 unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but

20、 the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year. H) American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote t

21、he national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of

22、foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by man

23、y as unwelcoming to international students. I) Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nations well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp t

24、hat welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States andlike immigrants throughout historystrengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cher

25、ished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。46. American universities prepare their u

26、ndergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship. 47. Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent. 48. The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than

27、threaten its competitiveness. 49. The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization. 50. Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent come from foreign countries. 51. The number of foreign students applying to U.

28、S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process. 52. The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years. 53. Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application. 54. Present-day univer

29、sities have become a powerful force for global integration.55. When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home countries. 三、匹配题做题技巧1（一）信息段落匹配题信息段落匹配题也可称为信息包含题,即 which paragraph contains the following information?这个题在很多考生眼里是难题中的难题，往往会选择性放弃。其实通过练习这种题型，对外文阅读有很大的帮

30、助。（二）两套方案1.低目标学生 实事就是如果阅读考试目标为6分的同学，这种题型可以放到最后做。一是通过做其它题目，可以推断出一两个答案所在段落；二是客观题，可以通过一些技巧性的推测，争取拿分。譬如，关于overview的信息往往在首段，句子包含aim, suggestion. future 等信息则较大概率在文章后半段。2.高目标的学生 正面攻破既然是难题，那攻克这种题型对于想考高分的同学（尤其是想得到7分以上）意义会更大。如果遇到文章偏科普，中心句不明显，建议考生还是放到最后再做。但大部分此类题型的文章还是逻辑清晰，可以正面攻破。（三）解决步骤：1. 扭转做题思维正面攻破先要扭转做题思维，

31、不是找到句子答案所在，而是判断这句话在哪一段会出现。做过大量判断题和匹配题的练习之后，我们往往形成定向思维，认为文中一定有固定答案点。然而信息段落匹配题里的信息题干并非完全的同义转换文中句子。所以我们首要明确，考官出这个题是要考察我们什么阅读能力，我认为不是细节阅读能力，而是对文章框架思路的把握能力。例1 how cinema teaches us about other cultures? 如果找到句子包含的信息，即how 的内容，那是相当费时间的，而且答案差不多涵盖整段内容。而其实我们只要知道哪段话讲文化传播就可以，并不需要知道方式即所谓的how。2预览题干，明确判断词所谓判断词，不等同于

32、定位词。判断词是指这句话独一无二的信息点。例1中应着眼于culture，而不要着眼于how .如题 the effects of the introduction of electronic delivery. 第一轮预览时不要被effect 所干扰，而要对electronic 留下印象。再如题 details of the range of family types involved in an education program 判断题是family types 而先不要在意details.3快速掌握文章脉络既然不找，那怎么样判断呢？那就是通过阅读中心句快速掌握文章脉络。中心句一般出现在首位句，转折词如but 或者因果关系联接词如 as a result 引领的第二句，或者问句后面的答句。一般建议在找到中心句后，读一下末句，可以更精确地掌控段意。若无特别明显的中心句，首尾句的阅读也有助于理解段意。阅读过程当中，有的信息点明确可直接先去选出答案。这里我们也要明确要多看外文，掌握外文的行文思路。一般而言剑桥里的文章组织有三大类。一是按时间，如货物运输，这是最简单的。 二是按观点原因发展瓶颈措施目标的布局来分析一件事物。三是 偏科普的 夹杂很多不同派别的理论，这个相对而言比较难。4判断信息所在段落最后当然是判断信