新人教版版高考英语二轮复习第一编三完形填空题型三说明文或议论文练习含答案.docx

1、新人教版版高考英语二轮复习第一编三完形填空题型三说明文或议论文练习含答案说明文或议论文在完形填空中所占比例不大，只有2014年全国卷考查了议论文。说明文通常为了说明某一事物或者活动，要明确说明对象、理清段落逻辑、分析句子结构；议论文通常对某种观点发表意见或看法，包括论点、论据、论证三个部分。语篇出处：原创语篇类型：说明文主题语境：大脑记忆Whether youre eight years old or 80, everyone has certain basic types of memory. There is shortterm, longterm, and even skillandfa

2、ctbased _1_ of recollection, just for starters. But think about itcan you _2_ exactly where you were and what you were doing on March 14th, 2007? Most people have no _3_. If you have Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM), however, youre _4_ to remember practically everything about that day.

3、Sounds crazy, right? But the _5_ is solid. Studies show that while most people will forget a certain event after just one week, HSAM participants can _6_ it for over a decade. Only around 60 people in the world have been diagnosed with HSAM so far, Curiosity reports. Pasternak, now 23, is _7_ the yo

4、ungest person with HSAM. Give her any date between 2005 and present day, and she will tell you what _8_ of the week it was and everything she did that day in extraordinary _9_. _10_ these habits of people with an impressive memory, and you could _11_ your own retention (保留，保持). _12_， researchers sti

5、ll dont understand exactly what gives certain people this amazing _13_. People who have HSAM have different _14_ of recalling dates. Pasternak describes her memory like a Candy Land board. In her _15_ she sees each month as a different _16_ square; June is green, August is golden yellow, November is

6、 dark red. The _17_ connect to form a path, _18_ back to February 2005, when she had her first HSAM memory.Lets face ithaving a perfect memory sounds pretty _19_. But if youre not blessed with a foolproof recall, you can always _20_ like a memory champion with these tricks to getting a superhuman me

7、mory.1.A.ways BformsC.chances Dabilities2.A.manage BmonitorC.remember Dinvolve3.A.clue BproofC.approach Dattention4.A.casual BautomaticC.likely Dconfident5.A.consequence BimaginationC.conclusion Devidence6.A.recite BrecallC.connect Dcontrol7.A.really BactuallyC.currently Dsurely8.A.date BkindC.day D

8、hour9.A.silence BreturnC.vain Ddetail10.A.Borrow BEquipC.Provide DCombine11.A.create BconveyC.add Dimprove12.A.Instead BHoweverC.Unfortunately DTherefore13.A.power BenergyC.force Dadvantage14.A.ideas BmeansC.series Dmemories15.A.mind BopinionC.life Dheart16.A.fixed BcoloredC.separated Dlighted17.A.h

9、ours BweeksC.months Dyears18.A.bringing BcallingC.returning Ddating19.A.amazing BfunnyC.confusing Dattractive20.A.compete BfightC.train Dstruggle由首句可知，本文介绍与“memory”相关的内容。结合与“memory”相关的语境，下文中几个空都是围绕这一语境选择答案。如题2、题3、题4、题6等。题1与首句中的types是同义词复现；题7与上文的“now”是复现信息；题8与下文“of the week”是复现信息；题9与上文“everything she

10、 did that day”是复现信息；题16与下文“June is green, August is golden yellow, November is dark red.”中提到的表示颜色的词是复现信息；题17可以从下文提到的“February”中推测答案。题12下文提到“研究者仍然不理解到底是什么使这些人具有特异功能。”可以锁定此处与上文内容构成转折关系。题18中可以利用固定搭配“date back to (追溯到)”解题。可以根据生活常识或者自己已有的知识解题。如题5、题10、题13、题19等。篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。据发现，全球或许只有60例具有超强记忆力的人。经测试，他们能够

11、记起多年前每天发生的事情。1.B无论你多大年纪，每个人都有特定的基本记忆模式。有长期的、短期的、甚至也有一些基于技能与事实的记忆模式(form)。2.C试想一下：你能确切地记得(remember)2007年3月14日你在哪里、正在做什么吗？3.A大部分人都没有印象(clue)了。4.C然而，如果你有超强记忆功能，你有可能(likely)记得那一天发生的任何事情。5.D听起来很怪异，是吧？但是，证据(evidence)是确凿的。6.B研究表明，尽管多数人一个星期之后就忘记了某些事情，具备超强记忆功能的人可以回忆起(recall)十年以上的事情。7.C由上文的“now”可知，是目前(current

12、ly)年龄最小的。8.C由下文中的“of the week”可以推知，此处应该是一周的每一天(day)。9.D由上文中的“everything she did that day”可知，她能够详细记得以前发生的事情。in detail “详细地”。10.A借用(borrow)这些具有超强记忆的人的习惯，11.Dimprove your retention “提高记忆力”。12.C由下文“研究者仍然不理解到底是什么使这些人具有特异功能。”可知，此处应该是表示“不幸的是(unfortunately)”。13.A具有超强记忆功能的人应该是具备这种惊人的记忆力(power)。14.B具有超强大脑记忆力的

13、人有不同的方法(means)去回忆以前做过的事情。15.A在她的头脑(mind)中， 她把每个月看作一个不同的彩色方块。16.B由下文中的“June is green, August is golden yellow, November is dark red.”可知选B。17.C由下文提到的“February”可以推知这里指的是月份。18.D这些颜色联系起来形成一种路径，追溯到2005年的2月。date back to “追溯到”。19.A具有惊人的记忆听起来令人惊讶(amazing)。20.C但是，如果你不具备这些简单的回忆起往事的能力，你可以像记忆冠军一样运用这些技巧进行训练(train

14、)，成为一个具有超强记忆的人。技巧7固定搭配，速答题典例片段(2018全国卷)We chatted about everything and then Ben _1_ to me. “I just want to say thank you，” he said. “You _2_ my life！”1.A.joked BturnedC.listened Dpointed2.A.created BhonoredC.saved Dguided1.识别：turn to sb.是固定搭配 “转向某人”；listen to “听”；point to “指着”。2.save ones life也是固定词组

15、 “挽救某人的生命”。3.结合语境，应该是转向某人说“谢谢”，谢谢他救了自己的命。第1空选B，第2空选C。技巧8语法规则，辨明细典例片段(2019北京东城二模)However, the unease increased for Glenda. The card was unsigned. She was wondering why a stranger would send money to her son and _1_ he would know it was Zacks birthday. A variety of scenes can go through parents minds,

16、 especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes.1.A.who BwhatC.when Dhow1.观察：选项都是从句连接词。2.分析：在句中作动词wonder的宾语。3.句意：她纳闷他是怎么知道那是Zack的生日的。故选D。技巧9生活常识，巧利用典例片段(2018全国卷)The bay was bathed in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little _1_， I realized one

17、kayak (皮划艇) was in trouble. “Somethings not right！” I took off my Tshirt and _2_ into the water.1.A.faster BcloserC.heavier Dwiser2.A.stared BsankC.dived Dfell1.语境：描述水上皮划艇出现故障的事。2.常识：只有离得近一些(closer)，才能看到皮划艇出了故障，第1空选B。3.常识： 脱下T恤，跳入(dive)水中，第2空选C。(原创)语篇类型：说明文主题语境：航空市场In its annual forecast, the Intern

18、ational Air Transport Association (IATA) shifted its expectations about the center of gravity of world air travel eastward, away from the US and Europe.The global airline industry group expects that 7.8 billion _1_ will travel by air by 2036.Thats nearly _2_ the 4 billion that it expects will fly th

19、is year.The IATA _3_， released Tuesday, said it expects that half of the new passengers who will fly over the next 20 years will live in Asia. _4_ IATA predicts significant changes over the next two decades, the most _5_ shifts will happen in the next five years.China will _6_ the US as the worlds l

20、argest aviation market by 2022, two years _7_ than previously expected, the IATA forecast _8_. An aviation market is defined as traffic to, from and within a country.Chinese airlines have been rapidly expanding their international _9_ in recent years. Air China and Hainan Airlines this week _10_ thr

21、ee new routes to the US, including Shenzhen to Los Angeles, and Chongqing and Chengdu to New York.Emerging markets in Asia will _11_ the next 20 years, according to IATA. The UK, today the third largest market, will _12_ to fifth place, falling behind India in 2025 and Indonesia in 2030, it said.Bot

22、h India and Indonesia have been at or near the top _13_ of new jetliners from Airbus (EADSF), Boeing and others as budget airlines improve the affordability of _14_ by air.Airbus and Boeing (BA) are _15_ production of their most _16_ singleaisle and twinaisle jetliners to meet demand for growth and

23、to _17_ older, lessefficient airliners.Both companies have established industrial _18_ in China to court buyers who need the blessing of the central government. Airbus assembles its competing A320s in Tianjin, and Boeing is _19_ a new factory near Shanghai where its 737s will have their interiors fi

24、xed prior to delivery to Chinese carriers.While Airbus and Boeing focus on China, the country this year began testing its _20_ homegrown C919 airliner from the Commercial Airplane Corporation of China, or Comac.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了航空事业的迅速发展，预计到2022年中国将取代美国成为最大的航空市场。1.A.adventurers BairlinersC.passeng

25、ers Dbusinessmen答案：C由下文中的“travel by air”可知，应该是乘客(passenger)。2.A.double BoverC.beyond Dwithin答案：A上文提到“7.8 billion _1_ will travel by air”，下文提到的是“4 billion”，所以此处表示将近两倍(double)。3.A.expectation BforecastC.document Drepresentative答案：B上周二发布的IATA的预报(forecast)说，它希望在接下来的20年中，乘飞机的一半新乘客都来自亚洲。由后面提到的“release”可知，

26、只能选forecast。4.A.Unless BOnceC.While DWhen答案：C尽管(while)IATA预测接下来20年或发生重大变化，5.A.permanent BmaximumC.instant Ddramatic答案：D此处表示很大的(dramatic)变化。6.A.acknowledge BdisplaceC.swallow Dprohibit答案：B到2022年中国将取代(displace)美国，成为世界上最大的航空市场。7.A.sooner BfasterC.later Dquicker答案：A将比以前预期的提早(sooner)两年。此处表示将来的时间，比预期来得更快。

27、8.A.promises BdeclaresC.protests Dpredicts答案：D句中用的是一般将来时，说明只是预测(predict)。9.A.competitions BcommunicationsC.destinations Dcontributions答案：C中国航空在最近几年已经在迅速扩大国际航线(destination)。10.A.announced BcreatedC.promoted Dreported答案：A本周国航和海航宣布(announce)了飞往美国的三条新的航线，包括深圳到洛杉矶、重庆和成都到纽约。11.A.serve BseizeC.purchase Dco

28、ntrol答案：D根据IATA预测，亚洲新兴市场将控制(control)未来的20年。12.A.reduce BwithdrawC.drop Damount答案：C今天位居世界第三大市场的英国在2025年会落后于印度、2030年会落后于印度尼西亚，而降到(drop)第五的位次。13.A.producers BspeakersC.conductors Dbuyers答案：D印度和印度尼西亚已经处于或者即将成为从空中客车公司、波音和其他公司购买喷气客机的最大买家(buyer)。14.A.trading BtravelingC.transporting Dspeeding答案：B此处是解释原因。因为

29、便宜的航线提高了人们乘飞机旅游(travel)的支付能力。上文也提到了“7.8 billion _1_ will travel by air by 2036”。15.A.accelerating BsubstitutingC.accessing Daccomplishing答案：A此处表示在加快(accelerate)其生产。16.A.transparent BpopularC.valuable Dappropriate答案：B生产出受欢迎的(popular)单通道喷气飞机和双通道的喷气飞机，以满足增速以及替换掉旧的、低效率的飞机。17.A.abolish BremoveC.replace D

30、sweep答案：Creplace意为“替换”，而remove意为“移除”。这里指替换。18.A.terminals BpresencesC.administrations Daccumulations答案：B两家公司都已经在中国设立部门来招待那些需要得到中央政府批准的买家。19.A.opening BadmittingC.adopting Dbudgeting答案：A由下文的“a new factory”可知，此处表示新开设(open)的一家新工厂。20.A.cheap BcentralC.former Down答案：D由下文的“homegrown”可以推测出，开始测试自己(own)制造的C919客机。gravity n. 重力，地心引力be defined as 被看作affordability n. 可承受定价；价格可承受性；购买力倒数第二段第一句：Both companies have established industrial presences in China to court buyers who need the blessing of the central government.译文：两家公司都已经在中国设立部门来招待那些需要得到中央政府批准的买家。分析：这是一个主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词buyers。专题强化训练(三)(1