常见材料的熔点和比热容.docx

1、常见材料的熔点和比热容常见材料的熔点和比热容工程材料的比热容物质比热物质比热镍铬合金石蜡砂有机玻璃聚苯乙烯镍铝锰合金柏油(沥青)丙酮玄武岩汽油苯甘油花岗岩木材殷钢橡胶煤油康铜黄铜冰(0)锰钢植物油机油石油聚乙烯460.61578.5795.5142415491340523.41674.82155854206017452412653.21256.1502.41647.82001.44103804187407.41633196818852135.42512.2煤炭胶合板瓷(器)氟塑料硬质橡胶甲醇混凝土磷青铜纸聚氯乙烯塑料水空气聚脂塑料软木橡皮二硫化碳云母乙醇石英玻璃钠玻璃窗用玻璃温度计用玻璃燧石玻

2、璃布层塑料冕玻璃131725121063.5921.110401427.82550837.43.81507.31004.9418210071088230317582135.41006879.32422891.8803.9669.9832.44901465674.1(在298.15K和一大气压下测得)冰、水在不同温度下的比热容水冰温度(度)比热（KJ/C）温度(度)比热（KJ/C）020304050607080901001.00930.99880.99750.99730.99780.99871.00001.00171.00361.00570-20-40-60-80-100-150-200-250

3、0.6210.4630.4340.4010.3680.3220.2450.1560.036气体和蒸汽的比热容(卡/克度)物质温度（度）定压比热定容比热水蒸汽空气一氧化碳洒精蒸汽乙醚蒸汽二氧化碳氯化氢硫化氢苯(蒸汽)乙炔乙烯1003002010018108220251112022214162068018151000.470.240.250.450.40.200.190.2450.260.3830.3990.360.70.180.400.400.150.130.190.321.291.401.401.131.081.301.401.291.12液体的比热容(卡/克度)物质比热物质比热硫酸硝基苯松节

4、油苯蓖麻油苯胺橄榄油煤油0.340.370.420.420.420.460.470.51乙醚洒精甘油醋酸水石油10%食盐水汽油0.560.580.580.631.000.470.8920.41物质比热容c水4.2酒精2.4煤油2.1冰2.1蓖麻油1.8砂石0.92铝0.88干泥土0.84铁、钢0.46铜0.39汞0.14铅0.13对表中数值的解释：(1)比热此表中单位为kJ/(kg)；(2)水的比热较大，金属的比热更小一些；(3)c铝c铁c钢c铅(c铅c铁c钢c铁c钢c铅(c铅c铁c钢c铝)熔点就是凝固点。钨：熔点：3410铁：熔点1535沸点：2750钢：熔点1515铜：熔点1083金：熔点

5、1064铝：熔点660镁：熔点648.8铅：熔点328沸点：1740锡：熔点232水银：熔点-39沸点：357常见金属熔点金属材料名称镁铝铁镍铅汞钨金银铜元素符号MgAlFeNiPbHgWAuAgCu比?重1.742.77.878.911.3713.619.319.3210.498.96金属材料名?称灰口铁白口铁碳素钢黄铜青铜钢元素符号比?重6.8-7.47.2-7.57.81-7.858.5-8.857.5-8.97.8-7.9常用金属材料熔点金属名称铝铜锰铅钡钴铁钼锑铋铬镁镍锡元素符号AlCuMnPbBeCoFeMoSbBCrMgNiSn熔?点660.210831245327.412851

6、49515392622630.5271.318556501455231.9金刚石:3550钨:3410纯铁:1535各种钢:13001400?各种铸铁:1200左右铜:1083金:1064银:962铝:660锌:419.5铅:327锡:232?硫代硫酸钠:48冰:0汞:-38.9?固态水银:-39固态酒精:-117?固态氮:-210固态氢:-259?固态氦:-272(有些不是金属?也全给列出来了)名称熔点热导率W/(m2K)比热容J/(kgK)名称熔点热导率W/(m2K)比热容J/(kgK)灰铸铁120046.4-92.8544.3铝6582039043铸钢1425489.9铅3273481298低碳钢1400-150046.4502.4锡2326262345黄铜95092.8393.6锌4191103936青铜99563.8385.2镍14525924522