英语专业八级高级词汇.docx

1、英语专业八级高级词汇英语专业八级1. abide by(=be faithful to obey)忠于；遵守。2. be absent from. 缺席，不在3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注于近:be engrossed in be lost in be rapt in be concentrated on be focused on be centered on 5. (be) abundant in

2、(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地, 8. of ones own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主动地9. in accord with 与一致/ out of ones accord with 同.不一致10. with one accord (=with e

3、verybody agreeing)一致地11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据12. on ones own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益2) (=at ones own risk) 自行负责3) (=by oneself)依靠自己on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of account 有重要性13. takeinto account(=consider)把.考虑进去14. give sb. an account of 说明,

4、解释(理由) 15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明. 16. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为. 17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 18. accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb. for sth. blame sth. on sb. complain about) 指控,控告19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of,

5、 be used to)习惯于. 20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉21. act on 奉行,按照行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于23. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要) 24. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之25. in addition

6、 to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的28. adjust.(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应; 29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) 的可能，留有的余地.

7、30. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先. 31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地. 32. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于处于有利条件have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用. 34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意35. in ag

8、reement (with) 同意, 一致36. ahead of 在之前,超过ahead of time 提前. 37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的. 39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计40. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all

9、 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but几乎. 41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到. 42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于. 43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对负责. 44. answer to (=conform

10、to) 适合,符合. 45. be anxious about 为焦急不安; 或anxious for 46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为向道歉47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力48. apply to sb. for sth. 为向申请; apply for申请; apply to 适用. 49. apply to 与有关;适用50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, ri

11、ght) 赞成, approve vt. 批准51. arise from(=be caused by) 由引起. 52. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排做53. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方); 54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以为羞耻55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in st

12、h.) 向保证, 使确信. 56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系结57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做 58. attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料59. attitude to/ toward 对的态度.看法60. attributeto(=to believe sth. to be the resul

13、t of)把.归因于., 认为.是.的结果61. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道. 63. at the back of (=behind) 在后面64. in the back of 在后部(里面); on the back of 在后部(外面); be on ones back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起. 65. at ones back(=supportin

14、g or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at ones back 有支持, 有作后台66. turn ones back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃67. behind ones back 背着某人(说坏话) 68. be based on / upon 基于69. on the basis of 根据, 在基础上70. beatat在运动项目上打赢71. begin with 以开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于

15、开始语) 72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以名义73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰. 74. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处. 75. for the benefit of 为了的利益(好处) 76. for the better 好转77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过. 78. by birth 在出生上,论出身按血统at birth 在出生时; gi

16、ve birth to 出生79. blame sb. for sth. 因责备某人. blame sth. on sb. 把推在某人身上80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花 (强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作) 81. on board 到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘83. out of breath 喘不过气来84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之85. in bulk 成批地,不散装的86. take the floor

17、起立发言87. on business 出差办事.88. be busy with sth.于某事。be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事89. last but one 倒数第二90. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假设91. buy sth. formoney用多少钱买92. be capable of 能够, 有能力be capable of being +过去分词 是能够被的93. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happen

18、s; anyhow)无论如何94. in case (=for fear that) 万一; 95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生万一in the case of 至于, 就而言96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句) 97. be cautious of 谨防98. center ones attention on(=focus ones attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在上99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定.100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定

19、地,有把握地人文知识1. A Tale of Two Cities was written by Charles Dickens. 2. Phonology: The study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation. 音位学; 在语言或一门语言中，对有关其分类和模式以及为大家所默认的发音规则的研究音韵学, 音系学3. Syntax: The study of

20、 the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences. 句法，研究词或其它句子成分如何联合起来形成合乎语法的句子规则的学科4. Semantics: The study or science of meaning in language forms.语义学，以语言形式表示意思的研究或科学5. acronym :首字母组合词，首字母缩略词，比如，NATO, UNESCO, BASIC,它们可以连拼，但VOA是Initialism。6.

21、Metonymy: A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of the sword for military power. 换喻或转喻，一种,一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法，如用华盛顿代替美=或用剑代替军事力量，对面来了三个“红领巾”也是，以红领巾指代少先队员

22、。7. Simile: A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in How like the winter hath my absence been or So are you to my thoughts as food to life (Shakespeare).明喻, 一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较，通常在由like或as引导的短语中，如“我的离开好象是冬天来临”或“你对我的思

23、想就象食物对于生命一样重要”（莎士比亚）8. Metaphor: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison, as in a sea of troubles or All the worlds a stage(Shakespeare) 隐喻一种语言表达手法，通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物，从而暗示它们之间的相似之处，如“忧愁之海”或“整个世界一

24、台戏”(莎士比亚) the ship of desert 沙漠之舟9. Oxymoron: A rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined, as in a deafening silence and a mournful optimist. 矛盾修饰法, 一种把互相矛盾或不调和的词合在一起的修辞手法，如在震耳欲聋的沉默和悲伤的乐观cruel kindness 10. The affection name given to the clock tower of the Houses of

25、Parliament, Westminster is Big Ben. 11. John Milton the poet wrote of Adam and Eves expulsion from the Garden of Eden in Paradise Lost. Paradise Regained was also written by him. 12. Sonnet: A 14-line verse form usually having one of several conventional rhyme schemes. 十四行诗体, 一种由十四行组成的诗歌形式，通常有一种传统的押

26、韵形式, 莎士比亚用过此诗体。13. Slang: A kind of language occurring chiefly in casual and playful speech, made up typically of short-lived coinages and figures of speech that are deliberately used in place of standard terms for added raciness, humor, irreverence, or other effect. 俚语主要出现在非正式的、游戏性的话语中的一种语言，基本由存在时间

27、很短的派生词和修辞构成，它们被故意地用来取代标准的词语以达到生动、幽默、无礼或其它效果14. Catch Phrase: A phrase in wide or popular use, especially one serving as a slogan for a group or movement. 警句，妙句，吸引人的词句广泛使用的或流行的用语，尤指用作集团或运动的口号的用语。15. Jargon: The specialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group. 行话, 一个行业、职业或类似

28、的团体中使用的专业的或技术的语言. terminology 16. Platitude: A trite or banal remark or statement, especially one expressed as if it were original or significant. 陈腔滥调, 陈腐的或平庸的评论或陈述，尤指某人表述它时好象它是新颖的或有意义的17. Hyperbole: A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect, as in I could sleep for a

29、year or This book weighs a ton. 夸张法,一种比喻，使用夸张来强调或产生某种效果，比如在我能睡一年或这书有一吨重18. onomatopoeia: The formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to. 象声词, 词的构成或用法，例如buzz或nurmur模仿事物或行动的声音. 19. hypotaxis: 从属关系20. parataxis: 并列结构，指短语

30、或分句间不用连词，如：I came, I saw, I conquered. 21. Transcendentalism: A literary and philosophical movement, associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition. 超验主义, 一种

31、文学和哲学运动，与拉尔夫沃尔多爱默生和玛格丽特富勒有关，宣称存在一种理想的精神实体，超越于经验和科学之处，通过直觉得以把握22. Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote the Scarlet Letter. 美国23. Morphology: The study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds.词法，词态学，形态音位学, 语言或某一语言中对于单词的结构和形式的研

32、究，包括词尾变化、派生和合成词的构成24. affricate: A complex speech sound consisting of a stop consonant辅音followed by a fricative摩擦; for example, the initial sounds of child and joy. 塞擦音由闭塞音伴随着摩擦音而形成的复杂的语音；例如child和joy的第一个音Also called: affricative. 25. Vanity Fair 名利场was written William Makepeace Thackray 26. Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon.