英语专四真题及参考答案.docx

1、英语专四真题及参考答案2018英语专四真题及参考答案2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGE There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. 11. The

2、Bent Pyramid outside Cairo _ ancient Egypts first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News _ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to app

3、ly to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintaining C. maintained D. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not _have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _ mountains behind th

4、e apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _.A. a hypothesi

5、sB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to _, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22._, the most controversial candidate in the election c

6、ampaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to _ the increased cost of raw materials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offset24. The celebrity says in court papers she “has no _ of giv

7、ing any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition25.What actually _ a good angle or a good selfie overall is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the _ mile to

8、 create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extra27. The teachers union _ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing “deplorable” school conditions.A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filled28. Last March the _ of a 19t

9、h century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreck29. Shes worn his designs on _ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral30. A leading _ intelligence and operations company has released its analy

10、sis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZE Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter

11、for each word on ANSWER SHEET.A. accompanies B. automatically C. couple D. goes E. indebtednessF. kind G. manner H. mercifully I. one J. obeyK. renowned L. subscribe M. unknown N. virtue O. widespreadA Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmas cards to a samp

12、le of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the response he received was amazingholiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned a card never inquired into the identity of the unknown profes

13、sor. They received his holiday greeting card, and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action of one of the most powerful of the weapons of influence around usthe rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, what another person has provided us. I

14、f a woman does us a favor, we should do her one in return; if a man sends us a birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if a couple invites us to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. By virtue of the reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to th

15、e future repayment of favors, gifts, invitations, and the like. So typical is it for indebtedness to accompany the receipt of such things that a term like “much obliged” has become a synonym for “thank you,” not only in the English language but in others as well. The impressive aspect of the rule fo

16、r reciprocation and the sense of obligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so widespread that after intensive study, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribe to the rule. PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION

17、A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE

18、 ONE （1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The histori

19、c decisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom

20、is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority. (2) There is, however, a

21、price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet, achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21. (3) A second important reason why immigrants have tr

22、aditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the U.S. (4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality

23、of opportunity: competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who d

24、oes not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared to be a “land of plent

25、y where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches” became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and it also became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pa

26、y a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of peoples abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the presidency in 1964, said that most

27、 poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue to explore mor

28、e facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that _.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition resul

29、ts in equality of opportunities42. Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining American values?A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC. DefinitionD. Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel,theman who invented deadly explosives, decid

30、ed to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and perhaps most importantlypeace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels.Even though most countries have a system of recognizing, honoring and rewarding

31、 people who have done something good in their countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3)The Oscars are probably the most famous, a time for the (mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes, evidently for the same thing.(4) But its not only films-there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and the MTV for music. InBritain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to se