完整版初中时间状语从句语法及练习全0001.docx

1、完整版初中时间状语从句语法及练习全0001状语从句什么是状语：句子中修饰动词、形容词等的句子成分叫状语， 用来从地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式和伴随状况等方面修饰说明谓语。e.g. He speaks English very well.（副词作状语）e.g. He is playing under the tree.（介词短语作状语）e.g. I come specially to see you .（不定式作状语）e.g. If I am not busy tomorrow,I will play football with you.（从句作状语）e.g. Havin

2、g had a quarrel with his wife,he left home in a bad tempe r.（分词作状语）状语从句：状语从句就是在复合句里起状语作用的从句，可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、 结果、让步、比较、方式、条件等。引导状语从句的连词叫做从届连词。状语从句的位 置可以在句首，也可以在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号与主句隔开；放在句末 时，从句前面往往不用逗号。If it s fine tomorrow, I wjb with you.I will go with you if it s fine tomorrow.状语从句分类：1、时间状语从句2、 地点状

3、语从句3、 原因状语从句4、 目的状语从句5、 结果状语从句6、 条件状语从句7、 让步状语从句8、 比较状语从句9、 方式状语从句时间状语从句从届连词： when, while, as, before, after, till/until, since, whenever, as soon as （ 就） 时态：主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现、When/while/as （当时候）区别：主句动作与从句动作发生的时间（同时 /之前/之后）；从句动词（延续性/瞬时性）1） When:when引导时间状语从句时表示 当的时候”，when既可以指时间段也可指时间点， 从句中既可用延续性动词乂可用瞬间性

4、动词，且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生乂可在 主句的动作之前或之后发生且 when引 导的时 间状语从之中一股用一股现在时表将来（主将从现）。e.g. I will call you when I get there.e.g. When I came home my wife was cooking dinner.e.g. I will go home when the rain stops.e.g. When I got to the airport, the guests had left.A） 如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同，而从句的机语乂是 be动词 时，那么从句中的

5、主语和 be可以省略;e.g. When （you are） in trouble, ask her for help.B） 当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时,往往还可以省略从句的主 语并用“when分词”的形式替代该状语从句。e.g. When I came into the room （=When coming into the room）, I found him lying there asleep.2） Whilewhile引导时间状语从句时表示 当 的时候”，它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同 持续地进行，用于这一用法时 while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词

6、必须是延 续性动词，或者强调主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中，此时主句中的谓语动词 通常是非延续性动词。记任，一丛也出始终是延续性动迅且丛旬多用进行时态一一_（while 还可以表示对比，译成“然而”，放在句首可以表示“虽然”）e.g. I met her while I was at school.e.g. While I was sleeping, the UFO arrived.e.g. We were doing our homework while it was raining outside.e.g. Study while you study; play while you

7、play.3） Asas引导时间状语从句时表示 “当时”（只引导瞬间性动词，两个动作是紧密联系 的，一前一后进行），“一边 一边 ”，侧重表示两个动作同时发生（包括一个主 语同时进行两个动作），“随着”，一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化从句中只能 接延续动词。e.g. He jumps as he goes along.e.g. As the wind rose the noise increased.When, while , as 辨析】三者均可以表示 当时候”，如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句表示的是延 续性动作(主短从延)，三者可以通用。I met Mr Li as / when

8、/ while I was walking along the street.(1)While意为 在期间”，从句的谓语必须是延续性动词。The plane had left when we got to the airport.(2) 表示带有规律性的 每当”，或者主从句动作有先后时，都只能用 when.When winter comes, it becomes cold.(3)表示 随着”时间的推移，主从句的内容是两种变化的情况，只能用 as.As the day went on, the weather got worse.(4)强调主句动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,只能用 while.

9、【巩固练习】1)I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel Iheard the steps.A. while B. when C. since D. after2)He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears.A. why B. where C. when D. while3)We were swimming in the lake suddenly the storm star

10、ted.A. when B. while C. until D. before4) I m going to the post office.you re there, can you get me some stamps?A. As B. While C. Because D. If5)I along the street looking for a place to park when the accident.A. went; was occurring B. went; occurredC. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred答

11、案BCABC二、Before/afterbefore引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前 ，常翻译为在“之前”，才”或“就”。e.g. See me before you leave.e.g. Before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.after引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后e.g. I saw them after I arrived.e.g. I found his pen after he has left.【巩固练习】He was told tha

12、t it would be at least three more months he could recover and return towork.A. when B. before C. since D. thatIt was some time we realized the truth.A. when B. until C. since D. before三、Till/until/not until1、 肯定句：till和until这两个词作连词和介词时的意义和用法相同，一般可以换用 （放在句首时通常用until的形式,till在口语中更为常见）。主句的谓语动词必须是持续性的、 表示

13、 到为止”， 直到才（开始）”。e.g. Walk till you come to a white house.e.g. We didn t discuss the problem until he came back.2、 否定句：Not until .主句的谓语动词则为短暂性的、表示 直到才”，若主句 谓语动词为延续性动词，根据上下文可表示“没有到”He didnt wait until/ till I returned.他没有等到我回来。not until的三种用法：1） 用在句中的基本用法e.g. He did not appear until the concert ended.2

14、） 与that搭配的强调结构e.g. It was not until the concert ended that he appeared.3） 用丁句首的倒装结构主句倒装e.g. Not until the concert ended did he appeared.【巩固练习】1)It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life we ve actually had that lesson.A. until B. after C. since D. when2)A good storyteller must be able to hold

15、his listeners curiosity he reaches the ethe story.A. when B. unless C. after D. until3)I don t really work here; I until the new secretary arrives.A. just help out B. have just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help out四、SinceSince引导的时间状语从句表小 自从 以来”，需注意以下两1) 引导时间状语从句时，一般指的是 从过去的某一时间点以来”

16、的概念，表示动作从 过去一直持续到现在。从句用一般过去时，主句用完成时。e.g. I have never seen him again since he left here.e.g. They have been friends ever since they were in school.2)若表示到过去某一时间前的情况，则主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。通搭配为it was+时间段+since过去完成时或it is+时间段+since过去时e.g. It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.e.g. It was thre

17、e years since we had been there.3)延续性动词相反翻译，瞬间性动词正常翻译It is three years since I smoked a cigar.我不抽烟三年 了。It is three years since I left there. 我离开US里已经三年了。【巩固练习】1)They friends since they met in Shanghai.A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned2) What was the party like?Wonderful. It s b

18、een 2 years I enjoyed myself so much.A. after B. before C. when D. sinceas soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute,the instant, no sooner than , hardly/ scarcely when 和 once1） as soon as1表小对将来事情进行推测（用一般现在时表小将来）2对过去事情进行陈述，表示两个动作同时进行或一前一后2） no sooner than 和 hardly when 因为没有表达

19、一种条件性，只能对过去事情进行陈述1时态方面：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时2倒装同时满足三点：否定词提前、主倒从不倒、部分倒装（be、助、情提到主语之前）。I had hardly got home when it began to rain.Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.我一到家天就下起雨来。【课后练习】1.It was quiet those big trucks started comiiLg through the tcnvnA. before B. after C. until D. unlessL It seemed

20、only seconds the boy finished washing hi& face.A. when B一 before C. after D. even if3一 Hardly had he reached the school gate the bell rang.A* while B. when C, as D, as soon as4一耳物 were told that we should follow the main road.Vte reached the central railway station.A. xvheneRer B. until C. vhile D.

21、wherever5.1recognized you I saw you at the airportA. the moment B. while C. after D. once6一 He was about to go to bed the doorbell rang.A, while B. as C. before D. when7,Ilisten to your advice I get ink） trouble,A Eery time B. When C. While D. Until8.John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.A. As

22、B. As soon as C_ While D. Till9一 The children ran awav from the orchard（果园）they sar the guard.A一 the moment B. after C. before D. as10. No sooner had I amved home it begnn to rain.A. when B. hile C. as D.1. SeA eral weeks bad gone by I realized the painting was missing.A. B before C. since D. wiien1

23、2.It long beftre we d the result of the experiment.A. will not be; will know B. is; will know C. will not be knew D一 is; know13.-What was the party like?-Wonderful. It： s years I enjoyed myself so much.A. after E. before C. when D. since14.The new secretai7 is supposed to report to the manager as so

24、on as she.A. will arrive B. arrives C.福 going to arrive D. is arriving15.got into the room the telephone rang.A. He hardly h国d, then B. Hardly had he; when C. He had not; then D. Not had he; when16.No sooner had he finished his talk he was surrounded by the workers.A. as B then C. than D.when17- -Di

25、d you remember to gi e Mary the money you owed her9-Yes, I gave it to her I saw her.A. while R 一 the moment C. suddenly D. onceIS, I thought her nice and honest I met her.A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time19.He will have learned English ibr eight years by the

26、time he from the university nextyear.A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate20.The moment the 28th Olympic Games open, the whole world cheered.A. declared B, have been declared C. hae declared D. were declared答案：CBBBA DACAD BCDBB CBCCD英语时间状语从句讲解与练习（一）when, while和as引导时间

27、状语从句的用法一、when的用法如果只从现象来看，when从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制 根据具体情况而定。1.When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。2.When she came into my room, I was just reading a book.她走进我房间时，我正在 看书。3.Were you writing when the teacher came in?老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？4.Sorry, I was out when you called

28、me.对不起，你打电话来的时候我出去了。5.He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.他正要走，这时有人敲门。6.I thought of it just when you opened your mouth.就在你要说话的时候，我也想到7.I had hardlyscarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。根据以上的例句，我们可以总结出一点： when从句的A事件，相当丁另一个事件B发生的时间点。也就是说，w

29、hen从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它 作为一个时间点，所以when多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为 如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。根据这一点，有的文 章补充说：when从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。这种说法也可以参照。实际上，when从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作 为一个时间参照点。例如：1.When I got to the airport, the guests had left.当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开2.When he had finished his homework, he took a s

30、hort rest.当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。3.Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already?你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？4.You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。5.When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I ll talk with him about this.下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。二、 wh

31、ile的用法相比于when来说，while从句的侧重点就不一样了。 while从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当 while事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如 何。所以，while从句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根 据具体情况而定。例如：1.While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。2.While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。3.While they were talking, the bell rang.正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。4.You can t do your homework while you re watching TV.你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。5.While John was sitting biting his nai