高中英语必修4Unit3重点词语及短语整理.docx

1、高中英语必修4Unit3重点词语及短语整理高中英语必修4 Unit3重点词语及短语解析1. feel vt. （1) 触，摸： She felt the dogs nose. 她摸狗的鼻子。 （2）感觉； 觉得 He began to feel uneasy. 他开始感到不安。How are you feeling today, Mrs. Brown? 布朗太太，你今天觉得怎么样？I dont feel like sleeping。 我不想睡。 2. feel/ be content with adj.对满意的，满足的，安心的Are you content with your present

2、salary? 你对你目前的薪金满意吗？Are you content to go there alone? 你愿意一个人去那儿吗？词语拓展 （1）contents n. 内容，内部所有之物，目录 Are you content with the contents of the novel? 你对小说的内容满意吗？（2）content n. 不可数名词，满意的状态，满意He lives in peace and content. 他生活于和平与满足之中。to ones hearts content 尽情地，心满意足On Sundays children play in the park to

3、their hearts content. 星期天孩子们在公园里尽情地玩耍。be content to do sth.满足于做某事 (be satisfied to do sth.)in content and form 在内容和形式上do sth.to ones hearts content 尽情地做某事content oneself/sb.with.使自己/某人对满意辨析：content，satisfycontent表示使人在一定程度上得到满足。satisfy表示使人的要求、希望得到完全的满足。提示：表示“非常满意”时，用be well content，而不用very修饰。content一

4、般只作表语，作定语时需用contented。 Young people are not _ to stand and look at works of art；they want the art they can participate in.Acontent Bgenerous Cconfident Dconservative答案：A3. astonish vt.使惊讶；使惊骇；使惊愕We are astonished at his improvement. 他进步之快，令我们惊讶。 The barbarian customs of the villagers astonished us.

5、村民的野鸾习俗令我们吃惊。词语拓展 astonishing adj.令人惊讶的； astonished adj. 感到惊讶的； astonishment n. 惊讶，惊骇。astonish sb 令某人吃惊/惊讶It astonishes sb.that.某人没有料到会be astonished to do/at sth./that从句 对感到十分惊讶，吃惊to ones astonishment 令某人惊讶的是in astonishment 惊愕地，吃惊地To our _，the boss wasnt _ at the _ news at all.Aastonishment; astonis

6、h; astonished Bastonishment; astonished; astonishingCastonish; astonished; astonishing Dastonishment; astonishing; astonished答案：B4. unfortunate 不幸的： She is an unfortunate woman. 她是个不幸的女人。fortune ftun n. 富有；财富；运气；幸运 Fortune smiled on us.幸运之神垂青我们。 1) 和 fortune相关的一些词组 ： have good (bad)fortune 运气好（不好）；

7、make ones/ a fortune 发财；发迹 try ones fortune 碰运气 tell sb.ones fortune 给某人算命 2)fortune 作“财富；财产”解时是可数名词；作“运气；幸运”解时是不可数名词。 词语拓展 fortunate adj. 幸运的=lucky fortunately adv. 幸运地=luckily fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的 be fortunate in 在方面很幸运Eg: He was fortunate in having such nice friends.他真幸运，有这样好的朋友。be fortunate to

8、do sth.幸运地能干某事You are very fortunate to have found such a pleasant house. 你真幸运，找到这么好的房子。fortunate + that 从句，如： Its very fortunate (that)we have Emma here.真幸运，爱玛和我们在一起。fortunately adv.幸运地，侥幸地 fortune n运气；财富，财产辨析：fortunate与lucky这两个词都表示“幸运的”的意思。fortunate比lucky更文雅，常用于较为重大的事件。lucky不如fortunate正式，着重意外或纯属偶然

9、。_，people are beginning to realize how serious the situation is. 答案：BAFortunate BFortunately CBeing fortunate DBeing fortunatelyFortunately for him, he has passed. 对他来说幸运的是，他过关了。unfortunate adj. 不幸的,=unlucky ； unfortunately adv. 不幸地=unluckily5. worse （1）adj. 更坏的 She got worse last night. 她昨天的情况恶化了。

10、What is worse 更坏的是 What was worse, it was getting cold. 更坏的是，天渐渐冷起来了。（2）adv. 更坏地，更恶劣地 It is raining worse than ever. 雨下更大了。badly off 穷的；缺少的 境况不好；拮据，贫穷The school was then badly off for teachers.当时学校缺少教师。 词语拓展 badly off 穷困的，潦倒的，是worse off 的原级； He is badly off while his brother is well off. 他过着穷困潦倒的生活而

11、他的哥哥过着富裕的生活。反义词 ：well off 富裕的；富有的；富有的；有许多的, 比较级： be better/worse off 境况(尤指经济境况)更好/更糟糕2)比较级worse off和better off常常与than，rather than 搭配使用。如： I went to his home and found his living condition was worse off than mine.We shouldnt complain about being poor because many families are much _ than we are.Awors

12、e off Bbadly off Cwell off Dbetter off解析：此题考查比较级。badly off“穷困，潦倒”；well off“富裕”；题干中出现了than要用比较级；又根据being poor可知要用A项。句意：我们不应该抱怨贫穷，因为有许多家庭比我们更穷。答案：Abad, badly 和 ill 的比较级都是worse；worse still = what is worse =to make matters worse更坏的是 worsen v.t.使更糟糕 go from bad to worse (指不如意的境况等)越来越坏，每况愈下worse and worse

13、 越来越坏，每况愈下to make matters worse/even worse 更糟糕的是be bad at sth.不擅长于 He is bad at English. 他不擅长英语。be bad for sth. 对有坏处 Dont read in bed. It is bad for your eyes.不要躺在床上读书。那样对你的眼有害。be bad to sb.待某人不好 Her stepmother is bad to her. 她的继母虐待她。do badly in sth.在方面做得不好 He did badly in the exam yesterday. 昨天他考得不

14、好。6. ordinary （1）adj. 普通的；正常的 （【反】extraordinary） He attended the party in ordinary dress. 他穿着便服去赴宴。 （2）中下等的；平凡的；平常的 an ordinary letter平信 7. bore v.t.使（某人）感到无聊、厌烦 His stories bored me very much. 他的事使我感到非常厌烦。词语拓展 boring adj. 无聊的，令人厌烦的 (常指事物，也可指人) bored adj. 感到厌烦的，感到无聊的(常用来说明人) boredom n. 厌烦，无聊，厌倦 I am

15、 bored; lets go to the cinema. 我闷了，咱们看电影去吧。 bore sb.with sth.用某事烦忧某人be bored with.对感到厌烦bore sb. to death /tears 烦死了某人; 使某人极度厌烦a boring evening 一个百无聊赖的晚上 (北京高考)Mr Smith，_of the_speech，started to read a novel.Atired; boring Btiring; bored Ctired; bored Dtiring; boring解析：(Mr Smith)is tired of(人)对感到厌烦，t

16、ired of短语作定语修饰Mr Smith；空二则是“令人厌烦的演讲”，故用boring修饰speech。答案：A8. entertain vt.（1）使娱乐；助兴 They gave a dance to entertain their guests. 他们跳了一个舞以娱嘉宾。 （2）招待 We entertained them for dinner. 我们招待他们吃晚餐。 entertain sb.as.把某人当招待entertain sb.with.用招待某人 entertain sb.to.请某人吃 He made a promise _ he would entertain us

17、_ dinner the next day.Athat; with Bthat; to Cwhich; with Dwhich; to答案：B词语拓展 entertaining adj. 令人愉快的，有趣的 an entertaining film 一部令人愉快的电影entertained adj. 感到愉快的 entertainment 娱乐，款待；娱乐活动（常用复数） entertainer n.表演者，艺人9. throughout (1) prep.遍及；贯穿；在全部 期间Pauls songs are popular throughout the world. 保罗的歌在全世界都很受

18、欢迎。（2）adv. 各地；到处；始终；全部 The house is well built throughout. 这整幢房子都建筑得很好。 自始至终： The soldier stood perfectly still throughout. 士兵自始至终站着不动。 【考点聚焦】 1)作介词时，常见的搭配有：throughout the day 整天 throughout ones life 终生 throughout history 在整个历史上throughout the century 整个世纪 throughout the country（遍及）全国 throughout the

19、night 整个晚上2)throughout 作副词时，常用于句尾。如： The house is painted throughout.这所房子全部油漆了一遍。10. failure n.（1）失败n. 失败（者）；破产；不及格 His failure disappointed his father. 他的失败使他父亲失望。 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 （2）衰败；减退 the failure of health 健康衰退词语拓展【考点聚焦】 1）反义词：success ；动词：fail 失败 2)与fail相关的一些词组： fail

20、 sth. =fail in sth. =fail to do sth.做某事失败了fail in失败；不及格；不足；缺乏 fail + to do sth.（表示否定）不能；没有，如： I failed to persuade him.= I failed in persuading him.我没能说服他。 without fail 必定；务必 3)形容词failing 与failed的区别： failing指“失败中的；不及格的；减弱（或衰退）中的”，如： failing marriage瓦解中的婚姻； failing health每况愈下的健康状况； failed指“失败了的；不成功的；

21、破产了的；倒闭了的”，如： a failed candidate 落选的候选人； a failed firm 倒闭的公司 11、overcome vkm vt. & vi.战胜；克服；征服 We should learn to overcome difficulties.我们应该学会克服困难。 1)overcome常用在被动语态中表示“（感情等）压倒；使受不了”。常和by，with搭配。如： The child was overcome by weariness and slept.孩子疲倦之极，睡着了。 He was overcome with astonishment.他惊异万状。 2)o

22、ver-作前缀时可表示以下含义： 过度；太甚,如：over study 用功过度；over talk过分多言 在上；在外；从上；越过，如： Over bridge 天桥；overcoat 外衣；over fly 飞跃；oversea(s)海外 颠倒；反转，如： overthrow 推翻；overturn 倾倒；倾覆 3)overcome的过去式和过去分词分别是overcame 和overcome； 现在分词是 overcoming。12、mouthful mafl adj.一口；满口 I took only a mouthful of food and then went to school.

23、 我只吃了一口饭就上学去了。 1)名词： mouth口；嘴; mouth 的复数形式是mouths2)-ful是一个后缀，加在名词之后，表示“充满的”。类似的还有handful，cupful，dishful，spoonful，boatful，houseful，armful等。13. pick out (1)挑选出;拣出 Let me pick out some good ones for you. 让我来替你挑几个好的。 The best students have been picked out. 最好的学生已挑选好了。(2)辨认出 Its easy to pick him out in a

24、 crowd because he is very tall. 很容易从人群中辨认出他,因为他个子很高。 pick out辨析：pick out，select，choosepick out指按照个人喜爱或希望进行挑选。select指有目的、仔细认真地选择，有“精选”的含义。choose通常只在所提供的对象中经过考虑，凭个人的判断进行选择。提示：pick out和pick up都是“动词副词”组成的短语动词，若其宾语是人称代词，则必须置于动词与副词之间；若其宾语为名词，则位于副词后或短语中间皆可。 It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly

25、_ my friend.Aturn out Bpick out Cbring out Dcall outpick up拿起；捡起；接，便宜地得到;拾起; 挑出；辨别出He picked up his book and began to read.他拿起书开始读。 The bus stopped and picked up many people. 车停了，上来好多人。She picked up many goods in the market. 她在市场里买了好多便宜货。1)反义词组：put down（放下） 2)pick up除了“拿起；捡起；拾起”外，还有一些其他含义,如： We pick

26、ed up the conversation from where we had left it. 我们从中断的地方重新开始会谈。（重新开始，继续） The train stopped to pick up passengers.火车停下来搭乘客。（用车接人或物，中途搭乘）词语拓展 pick vt.剔，挖；采摘 She is picking her teeth. 她在剔牙。 Dont pick the flowers in the garden. 不要采摘花园里的花。14. cut off 切断，砍掉，剪下： Our water supply has been cut off. 我们断水了。

27、Be careful not to cut your finger off. 小心别切断了手指头。 She cut off my apology.她打断了我的道歉。 词语拓展 cut切，割，剪，砍 cut的过去式和过去分词都是cut，现在分词是cutting。The boy cut his finger while playing with his knife.你孩子玩刀子时划破了手指头。cut out剪裁，删掉 She is cutting out a dress. 她在剪裁一件连衣裙。 You can cut out the unimportant details. 你可以删除那些不重要的

28、细节。cut down砍到; 削减；减少 Please cut the trousers down. 请把裤子改短。 He cut his article down to 1000 words. 他把文章缩减到一千字。cut up 切碎 Please cut the meat up before making dumplings. 在包饺子之前先把肉切碎。cutinto把切成 Cut the apple into halves, thirds, quarters. 把苹果切成两半，三瓣，四瓣等。cut sb.short 打断某人（的话） cut sth.short 剪（切、割等）短某物；使某事

29、缩短；使某事中断She cut her hair short. 她把头发剪短了。cut in插话 Dont cut in a word, please. 请不要插话。cut across 抄近路穿过；取捷径通过 a short cut 捷径15. convince使相信;说服 I am convinced of its truth. 我相信他的真实性。词语拓展 convincing 使人相信的；说服人的 convinced 感到相信的；被说服的convince，persuade与advise的区别这两个词都可以表示“说服；使信服”。其区别是：(1)convince着重情感上的“敦促、劝告”，它

30、所要求的主语可以是人，也可以是事物。例如：Her smile convinced him that she was happy. 她的微笑使他确信她是幸福的。注意：这句话的主语是her smile，而不是人做主语，所以就不能用persuade，而要用convince。(2)persuade着重理智方面的“辩论，证明”，所要求的主语一定是人，而不可能是事物。convince与persuade结构相同，即persuade/convince sb.that.；persuade/convince sb.of sth.。persuade和convince都表示结果，即说服了；若表示“说服”或“劝说”的动作，常用try to persuade/convince，也可用advise。例如：He persuaded me that it was not worth buying.他说服我，那东西不值得买。persuade还可表示说明某人做(或不做)某事，其结构为：persuade sb.(not)to do sth.；persuade sb.into/out of doing sth.。例如：He persuaded me to do that.He persuaded me into doing that.他说服我