1、人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套精品docx人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套Unit 1 重点语法教学目标:掌握情态动词should的用法 掌握反身代词的用法1. 情态动词should的用法( 1 ) 情态动词should后接动词原形,变为一般疑问句时将should提前,变为否定句时在should后面加not。We should listen to our teacher carefully in class.Should I tell him the news right now?We shouldnt come late to school.( 2 ) should常用
2、于以下两种情况: 提出建议、观点或看法。You loo tired. You should lie down and rest. 表示推测,意为“该,按理应当”。Wait a minute. I thin he should come in a moment.2. 反身代词( 1 ) 反身代词的构成反身代词是表示或强调自身的代词,有人称和数之分。第一、二人称反身代词由“形容词性物主代词 + self ( 单数 )或selves ( 复数 )”构成;第三人称则由“宾格人称代词 + self ( 单数 )或selves ( 复数 ) ”构成。详见下表:人称单数复数(-selves)第一人称myse
3、lf 我自己ourselves 我们自己第二人称yourself 你自己yourselves 你们自己第三人称himself 他自己themselves他/ 她/ 它们自己herself 她自己itself 它自己( 2 ) 反身代词的用法 做宾语You must loo after yourself well and eep healthy.The child can dress himself. 做同位语He didnt often go shopping himself.= He himself didnt often go shopping. 做主语在现代英语中,反身代词一般不能独立用
4、作主语,但是它可以借助and, or, nor等连词与其他名词一起构成并列主语(且位于并列主语的后部),以及用于某些特殊结构(如as.as等)。My brother and myself went there yesterday.He was as anious as myself.Jims sister and himself get up at si every day.( 3 ) 含反身代词的短语小结by oneself 独自,单独for oneself 亲自teach oneself 自学learn.by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩得开心say to onese
5、lf 自言自语dress oneself 穿衣服help oneself to. 随意吃/ 喝点.I am able to do it by myself.I teach myself English in my spare time.They enjoyed themselves at the party.基础巩固1. - Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading boos. - Thats too bad. Everyone _ be a boo lover. Reading is more enjoyab
6、le.A. may B. should C. would2. - Your uncle is very good at cooing! How did he learn it ? - He learned it by _.A. Him B. himself C. her D. herself专项提升1、单句语法填空1. We should _ ( learn ) to study by ourselves.2. After coming bac from the storm, she felt she was not _ ( she ).3. “Youre old enough, boy. Y
7、oud better do it _ ( you ).” my father said to me.4. Its too dangerous for the young children to play near the river by _ ( they ).5. My brother is always strict with _ ( he ).2、根据汉语意思完成句子6. 你应该听你父母的话。 You _ _ _ your parents.7. 他们不应该在走廊里跑。 They _ _ in the hallway.8. 昨天他们在聚会上玩得很开心。 They _ _ at the pa
8、rty yesterday.9. 没有人教她,她自学了英语。 Nobody taught her and she _ English _ _.10. 我们应该做什么? _ _ we do?能力提升单项填空1. Lina and itty will go to Greenery Theme Par by _ net Sunday.A. they B. them C. their D. themselves2. Dogs _ run through soccer games at the par. Its dangerous!A. should B. shouldnt C. need D. nee
9、dnt3. Lucily, he didnt hurt _ terribly yesterday, and he will be better soon.A. he B. themselves C. himself D. they4. To my surprise, he sold _ house at such a low price.A. he B. him C. his D. himself5. - Did you mae the ite _, ids? -No, our uncle made it for us.A. yourselves B. yourself C. themselv
10、es6. As middle school students, we _ be afraid of difficulties if we want to mae our dreams come true.A. must B. shouldnt C. need7. Peter doesnt feel sure of _ in his new school.A. he B. him C. his D. himself答案:基础巩固1-2 BB专项提升1. learn 2. herself 3. yourself 4. themselves 5. himself 6. should listen t
11、o 7. shouldnt run 8. enjoyed themselves/ had fun 9. learned; by herself 10. What should能力提升1-5 DBCCA 6-7 BD Unit 2 重点语法教学目标:掌握不定式几种重要用法1. 动词不定式动词不定式的基本结构为“to + 动词原形”(有时可不加to)。在句中除了不能充当谓语外,其他成分都可以充当,如:主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。此处主要讲做宾语补足语和状语的用法。( 1 ) 做宾语补足语。动词不定式做宾语补足语,放在宾语的后面,表示宾语是什么或怎么样。有to do和to be两种形
12、式。The doctor advised him to tae a good rest.I find English to be very easy.注意:在as, tell, encourage, get, wish, want, would lie, find, advise, teach 等动词或短语之后,常接带to的不定式做宾语补足语。We ased him to sing a pop song at the party.我们请他在聚会上唱一首流行歌曲。动词不定式做宾语补足语时,不定式符号to在使役动词 ( have, mae, let )、感官动词 ( feel, hear, wat
13、ch, see, notice等 ) 的后面时要省略。但它们变为被动语态时,不定式符号to不能省略。The boss made the worers wor over ten hours a day in the past. = The worers were made to wor over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.动词help接不定式做宾语补足语时,不定式符号to 可省略也可不省略。He often comes to help us ( to ) do some farm wor.拓展动词不定式在listen to, loo at后做
14、宾语补足语时,常省略to。I listened to him sing. 我听到他唱歌。动词不定式在had better等词组后做宾语时,省略to。Youd better go home at once.( 2 ) 做状语 表目的:不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在句中前面时,不定式常与句子用逗号隔开;而在句子末尾时,一般不用逗号隔开。To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.We set out at five in the morning to get there on time. 表结果:不定式做结果状语,
15、一般位于句子末尾。I went to the classroom, to discover it empty.2. 动词短语动词短语是指动词和介词或副词等搭配而成的短语,如clean up, give out, cheer up, put off, set up, thin up, tae after, fi up, give away, put up, hand out等。动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式: ( 1 ) 动词 + 介词这类动词短语主要有:agree with, as for, arrive at / in, begin with , come from, get to , ge
16、t on, get off, hear of, noc at / on, laugh at, loo at, loo after, loo for, listen to, wait for, tae after等。注意:这类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。I am looing for my pen. I have been looing for it for two hours.( 2 ) 动词 + 副词这类动词短语主要有:find out, get bac, give out, loo up, put on, put up, put off, pass on, tu
17、rn on / off, tae out, write down, wae up, wor out, put away, thin up 等。注意:这类动词短语后面的宾语是名词时,名词可放在副词之前,也可放在副词之后;宾语是代词时,代词只能放在副词之前。Please pic up the pen. = Please pic the pen up.Can you pic it up?( 3 ) 动词 + 名词 + 介词这类动词短语有:have a loo at, mae friends with, pay attention to, tae care of, loo forward to等。注意
18、:在这类动词短语中,宾语都放在介词之后。You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.( 4 ) 动词 + 形容词 + 介词这类动词短语主要有:be angry with, be busy with, be good / bad for, be different from, be late for, be interested in, be famous for , be good at等。Dont be angry with him. He is only a child.基础巩固1. These people dress them
19、selves in bloody shar suits. They tell people _ shar fins in order to protect shars.A. eat B. to eat C. not eat D. not to eat2. Alan often goes to the old peoples home _ up the old and loo after them.A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheers3. No one can be right all the time. When people mae mistaes, we shoul
20、dnt _ them.A. wait for B. send for C. noc at D. laugh at4. - Alice, dont put your things here. _. - O, I will.A. Put away them B. Put on them C. Put them away D. Put them on5. Yunnan is beautiful and Im _ visiting it again.A. eeping clear of B. suffering fromC. looing forward to D. running away from
21、6. - Hainan _ its blue sy and fresh air. - So it is. Thats why more and more visitors spend their holidays here.A. is wea in B. is famous for C. is use to 专项提升单句语法填空1. He wants _ ( put ) up some signs asing for old toys.2. Maria plans _ ( be ) a teacher because she loves children.3. I want to learn
22、more about how _ ( care ) for animals.4. They will get together _ ( discuss ) this question.5. We need to mae more young people _ ( learn ) shadow puppet(木偶) plays so that it wont disappear in China.6. That is the only way we can imagine _ ( reduce ) the waste of water in the bathroom.7. Last year,
23、she decided _ ( try ) out for a volunteer after-school reading program.8. Would you lie _ ( go ) and have a picnic with us tomorrow?9. She hopes _ ( be ) a volunteer during this summer vacation.10. Please promise _ ( not tell ) lies any more, will you?能力提升单项填空1. The girl was made _ her brothers clot
24、hes.A. to wash B. wash C. washing2. My sister with my parents _ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.A. are maing B. is maing C. was maing D. were maing3. - Who _ your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday? - My neighbor, a warm-hearted woman.A. put on B. looed after C. gave up D. turned
25、off4. Our teacher _ a booshelf at the bac of our classroom to mae a small reading corner.A. piced up B. put up C. too up D. got up5. The light went out suddenly. It was very dar and _ could be seen clearly.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything6. - How do you lie this speech? - I lie it v
26、ery much and it can _ me _ to achieve my dream.A. cheer; up B. connect; with C. let; down D. tae; up7. On my way home, I saw a granny(奶奶) fall down. I offered help first and then _ the police.A. called up B. cared for C. cheered up D. found out 答案:基础巩固:1-6 DADCCB专项提升:1. to put 2. to be 3. to care 4.
27、 to discuss 5. learn 6. to reduce 7. to try 8. to go 9. to be 10. not to tell能力提升:1-5 ACBBC 6-7 AAUnit 3 重点语法教学目标:掌握Could you please.?句型的用法Could you please.?句型( 1 ) 请求别人帮忙做某事时通常用此句型,也可以说:Can you .please? 情态动词could或can 在这里均表示请求,在意思上无区别,但是用could比can在语气上更显得委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用Could you / I.? 若在句末加上please
28、,则显得更礼貌。Could you please help me find my boo, please?你能帮我找到我的书吗?( 2 ) 对Could you / I.?的问句做出肯定回答,常用“Sure/Certainly/Of course.”等;如果做否定回答,常用“Sorry./ Oh, please dont.”一般不用no开头,用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌。-Could you give me a bottle of orange juice, please?-Sure. Here you are.- Could you carry the bo for me?- Sorry, I
29、 cant. Im busy now.( 3 ) 表示请求的其他句式:Would you please lie to do sth.?Would you mind doing sth.?Lets do sth.Shall I / we do sth.?Please do sth. 典型例题基础巩固1. - Hi, Jac! Could you come to our English party? - Sorry, I _. I have to loo after my little sister at home.A. must B. could C. cant2. - Jeff, could
30、you tell me how to order a tai through “Didi”? - _.A. Youre welcome B. Sure C. Tae it easy D. It doesnt matter3. - Could I borrow your bie please? - _.A. Of course you can B. It doesnt matter C.Yes, Id love to D. No, than you4. - Could you please sweep the floor? Im going to coo dinner? - _. Ill do it at once, Mom.5. - Could I use your pe
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