新编英语教程 6 Unit 3 教案.docx

1、新编英语教程 6 Unit 3 教案Unit ThreeTEXT IWALLS AND BARRIERSEugene RaskinObjectives: To discuss the different functions of different kinds of walls. To identify in the text the contrasts between walls as barriers and walls as screens. To write an essay on the different conceptions of money in the past and n

2、ow by using the technique of making comparisons and contrasts.Pre-reading Discussion The questions discussed in this section concern with the major points or the general ideas of the text. The purpose is to see how well students have prepared the text as well as to stimulate students interest.1. Wal

3、ls are seen everywhere, around a school campus or a hospital compound, around a small park or even a small private garden. We have the (city) wall around the Jingjiang Palace /Chamber, which was the ancient wall. From the title, what do you think of the relation between walls and barriers? Do walls

4、all serve as barriers? Give some examples. In the old days, walls were erected as barriers against danger from without, and the Great Wall of China can serve as a typical example of this. The Great Wall of China was first built following the unification of China by the First Emperor of the Qin Dynas

5、ty in 221 B.C. It was renovated and rebuilt in succeeding dynasties. In its present form, it substantially dates from the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). It stretches from Gansu Province to Shanhaiguan, Hebei, winding continuously across northern China and totaling 6,7000 kilometers in length. The wall wa

6、s erected to protect China from northern tribes. Most walls in China function as barriers (an obstruction or an obstacle). The wall of a park serves to enclose; the wall of a prison to prevent communication; the wall of a castle to check (e.g., the advance of an enemy); the wall of a kindergarten to

7、 keep away from danger/to guarantee security; the wall of a residence to protect privacy, etc.2. A wall is usually a solid structure of stones, bricks, concrete, etc. in China. What other materials can be used to build a wall? What if it is built with glass or very thin metal materials, or shrubs or

8、 fence as it is more and more commonly seen nowadays? Does this kind of wall also serve as barrier? What is the function? In Singapore, not as many walls as in China are seen. If there are any, they are mostly shrubs walls / green walls, a continuous and vertical structure of iron bars/wire meshes/w

9、ire netting with shrubs stretching in all directions. These are open walls, I would like to call. Everything inside is open to the outsiders. You can see everything inside as far as your eyesight can reach. E. g., NUS, SP, condominiums, etc. These walls just serve to divide off other places, such as

10、 town, house, room, field, etc. There is nothing to do with security. The walls of many companies, supermarkets, malls, restaurants are walls of glass. Even the bank where security must ensure is walled with glass. Is the bank not afraid of robbery or burglary? E.g. Dahua Bank. Cash is now rarely us

11、ed. Money, in most of the time, takes the form of credit cards, a book-keeping banking matter. The bank functions more as a service than a safe for money. These glass walls seem unsafe, but modern architects prefer this kind of walls. Since every inside place is air-conditioned, these glass walls on

12、ly function to separate the outside air from the inside controlled temperature and humidity. And at the same time, people can have adequate screening inside. Philip Johnson even goes to the extreme. The Glass House for his residence in Connecticut has glass walls everywhere around except the walls i

13、n the bathroom, where the only real privacy is found. It seems that the walls in modern times serve more as separations than as barriers.3. Is the new function of walls in modern times the result of advanced technology? Why? If not, what is the real reason? The new architectural design of walls nowa

14、days is not the result of advanced technology, but the change of mental conceptions of ourselves and of the world. We feel safe. We are not always in fear of danger as in the primitive society. We think we are powerful to conquer the nature as well as the world. We need more inter-communication. The

15、refore, we dont need the heavy walls to protect ourselves from danger, to confine ourselves tightly/closely. We dont need any barriers to separate ourselves from the outside world. So, walls are not barriers in our modern time.In-reading interpretation Comp. 1 - Main Idea: B. Architecture is an expr

16、ession of peoples mentality; therefore, changes in their view of the world and of themselves are bound to be mirrored in architecture. In other words, changes in peoples view incur changes in architectural designs of walls and in the functions the walls serve as well. So, contrasts in peoples mental

17、ity, in wall designs, and in its functions are made in this text.Step one- To specify the paras. in which contrasts between walls as barriers and walls as screens are found. Paras. 3 - 5: The change in peoples notion of money, in the function of the bank, and in its architectural features. Paras. 6:

18、 Classical and new criticism of architecture Paras. 7 - 10: Attitude toward privacy and possible hostility from without in primitive and modern world- To organize group work, listing the contrasts of all the above, and then make class presentations with necessary explanations.Paras. 3 - 5: The chang

19、e in peoples notion of money, in the function of the bank, and in its architectural features (comp. 3-3) Old conceptionsNew conceptions 1) of money: a tangible commodity - bullion, bank notes, coins - that could be hefted, carried or stolen. a product of the creative imagination; less cash being use

20、d; being largely replaced by credit. 2) of the architectural designs of banks: an impregnable appearance - heavy walls, barred windows, and bronze doors. glass walls brilliantly lighted inside; (a cubi-cal cage of glass) the door becoming a window display. 3) of the function of the bank: a safe invu

21、lnerability a service imaginative powersNecessary explanation- of money: 1. What is the meaning of custom in line 10? (comp. 2-2) It means regular patronage, business patronage, regular support given to a tradesman by those who buy his goods. In other words, it means the frequent, or constant, or re

22、gular purchase of the customers.2. A deficit economy accompanied by huge expansion, has led us to think of money as a product of the creative imagination. A deficit economy largely results from huge expansion. As we see from the Asian currency crisis, over expansion, or over development, or over inv

23、estment in real estate brought about the economy crisis or the devaluing in currency, esp. in Thailand. Because of the deficit economy, the government has to loan money from the World Bank, or others. - of the architectural designs of banks:1. If a buildings design made it appear impregnable, the in

24、stitution was necessarily sound, and the meaning of the heavy wall as an architectural symbol dwelt in the prevailing attitude toward money, rather than in any aesthetic theory. If a building was made to look sturdy / invulnerable, it would be accordingly regarded as reliable, and the significance o

25、f the thick walls would be measured not by their architectic value, but by their seeming ability to provide a safe location for money. Or, if a building was designed to appear unattackable, it would be regarded as safe, and the reason for the architectural feature of the heavy walls lay in peoples a

26、ttitude toward money, i.e. money, such tangible commodity, should be kept in a very safe place. The heavy walls were not designed to meet the needs of aesthetics, or for the purpose of showing the beauty or the taste.- of the function of the bank: 1. a service in which the most valuable elements are

27、 dash and a creative flair for the invention of large numbers. a service in which money including coins and banknote becomes active and vigorous as far as the invention of money is concerned. In other words, money is not always kept in a bank for security; rather, it is in active and vigorous circul

28、ation, being used to buy and sell commodities. 2. this bank by its architecture boasts of its imaginative powers. the bank in this kind of architectural design, i.e. with glass walls, window-display doors, has its imaginative powers. 3. it is hard to say where architecture ends and human assertion b

29、egins. it is hard to tell the division between architectural design and peoples mentality, for the former is the product or the reflection / expression of the latter. Paras. 6: 1. It is in the understanding of architecture as a medium for the expression of human attitudes, prejudices, taboos, and id

30、eals that the new architectural criticism departs from the classical aesthetics.From the contrasts given in the last few paras., architecture is a medium for the expression of human attitudes, prejudices, taboos, and ideals. This is the point that R wants to illustrate by dealing with the changes in

31、 paras. 3 - 5. If you understand this point, you can separate the new architectural criticism or theory from the classical one. Or, you will come to know the difference between the new architectural criticism or theory and the classical one.2. How does R contrast classical and new theories of archit

32、ecture? (comp. 3-4) The latter relied upon pure proportion, composition, etc., as bases for artistic judgment. In the age of sociology and psychology, walls are not simply walls but physical symbols of the barriers in mens minds. composition: arrangement into proper proportion or relation and esp. into artistic form Classical aesthetics holds that constructions in pure proportion are regarded as the most beautiful, the excellent. Most of the ancient construction