初三中考总复习重点词汇及短语辨析.docx

1、初三中考总复习重点词汇及短语辨析重点词汇及短语辨析breath(n.)/breathe(v.)呼吸辨析hold ones breath屏住呼吸 out of breath气喘吁吁take a deep breath深呼吸breathe(v.)heavilyrise(vi.)/raise(vt.)辨析raise(vt.)举起;增加;筹集raised-raising(n.)raise your hand举手raise pets养宠物raise sth for sb为某人筹集watch the raising of the national flag观看升国旗He raised his hand t

2、o get my attention.他抬起手想引起我的注意。rise-rose-risen(vi.)上升;增长;起立He put down his glass and rose to his feet.他放下杯子站起来。Prices are rising all the time.物价一直在上涨。lie(v.)/lay(v.)辨析lie(vi.)位于(lay-lain)说谎(lied-lied-lying)tell lies撒谎lay(v.)下蛋;产卵;摆放(laid-laid)The hen laid an egg just now.lose用法辨析lose(v.)迷失；丢失；失去,被.夺

3、去；输掉lost(adj.迷路的,迷失的)loss(n.丧失,损失；失败)lose heart泄气,灰心lose ones balance失去平衡lose ones way=get lost迷路connect(v.连接)/contact(v./n.联系)connect to/with与.相接,连接be connected to/withcontact the police联系警察continue (v.)继续confirm(v.)证实,确认consider(v.)认为；考虑content(n.)内容,目录contribution(n.)贡献/捐赠,投稿,导致control(n./v.)控制,支

4、配后置定语的done/doingThe filmsdirected by Zhangyimou are wonderful.The articleswrittenby Lu xun are popular.The flowers smelling sweet look nice.time spent on homework花在作业上的时间attract(v.吸引)/attack(v.攻击,进攻)be attracted by sb to sp被.吸引到某地attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力attraction(n.向往的地方;吸引)tourist attractio

5、ns旅游景点attractive(adj.漂亮的,有吸引力的)be attractive to sb对.有吸引力的attend(v.经常去；出席)absent(adj.缺席的)be absent from缺席.accept(v.接受,收受)/receive(v.收到)achieve(vt.实现,达到)achieve success实现成功reply to the letter回复信件/answer the phone接电话wealth(n.财富)/wealthy(adj.富有的)even/much wealthier (than)one of the wealthiest people in

6、the worldweight(n.)重量/weigh(v.重;有.重)blood(n.)donate blood to sb给某人捐献血bleed(v.流血,出血)过去式、过去分词bled-bledbleed to death流血致死spread(n.扩散；分布；展开v.使散开;扩散)Something must be done to stop the virus spreading _(扩散).Seeds are often spread by the wind.种子通常随风传播。the rapid spread of the big fire大火的蔓延 publish(v.出版)puni

7、sh(v.惩罚)produce(v.导致,产生)product(n.产品,成果-可数名词)production(n.生产;产量- 不可数)personality(n.个性)qualityn.特性；才能C;质量(C)serve(v.服役;服务,招待)service(n.服务;工作)serve in the army在军队服役serve as充当be in service=be in use在使用be out of service不能使用survive(v.幸存,生存)survivor(n.幸存者)provide a high level of servicepronounce(v.发音)pron

8、unciation(n.发音)communicate(v.交流,交际)communication (n.交流,交际)communicate with sb与某人沟通=have communication with compare (v.比较)compare to/with与.相比competition(n.竞赛,比赛；竞争)compete(v.)complain(v.抱怨)complaint(n.)complain (to sb.) of/about sth.explain(v.解释express(v.表达)excuse(v.原谅,宽恕)explore(v.探索;探讨)wake-woke-wo

9、kenwake sb upawake(adj.醒着的)asleep(adj.)be wide awake=be completely awake睡意全无aware(adj.知道,意识到)be aware of sth=be aware that意识到realize(v.意识到；实现)awful(adj.糟糕的,很坏的)/terrible(adj.可怕的)an awful day/a terrible dayHe feels terribly bad.up-to-date(adj.最新的；现代的)/latest(adj.最新的,最近的)an up-to-date report=a latest

10、reportproper(adj.符合习俗的;正确的)properly(adv.正确地,适当地)correct(adj.正确的)correctly(adv.正确地)rapid(adj.快的,迅速的)rapidly(adv.快地,迅速地)private(adj.私人的)personal (adj.个人的;私人的)complete(adj.完全的,彻底的)incomplete(adj.)completely(adv.完全的)complete(v.完成) doing sthable(adj.能,能够)be able to dobe unable to do sth.ability(n.能力)spec

11、ially(adv.专门地,特地)/especially(adv.特别,尤其)die用法辨析die(vi.)死-died(过去式)-dying(现在分词)dying(adj.)垂死的dead(adj.)死的death(n.)死亡die from/of死于die for为.而死/be dying for sth渴望得到The old man died(passed away) a week ago.The old man was found dead.succeed用法辨析succeed(v.)success(n.)successful(adj.)successfully(adv.)He suc

12、ceeded(v.) in getting the scholarship to the famous university.He has successfully(adv.) brought Chinese and Western music together.They will be more successful(adj.)in the future.Will it be a success?care用法辨析care(v.关心,关注,在意n.照料,照顾)with care小心 take care保重；当心 careful(adj.仔细的,认真的；小心的)careless(adj.粗心的)

13、be careful withbe careful not to do sthcarefully(adv.仔细地,认真地；小心地)carelessly(adv.)carelessness(n.粗心)take care of sb/sth take care to do sth.care for照料,护理care about sth.关心,在意surprise法辨析surprise(v.使惊奇,使措手不及/n.惊奇,诧异)surprised(adj.)be surprised to do sthto ones surprise令某人惊讶的是in surprise惊讶地surprised(adj.

14、吃惊的,惊讶的)be surprised at the surprising newsluck用法辨析luck(n.好运,幸运)lucky(adj.)幸运的unlucky(adj.)luckily(adv.)unluckily(adv.)不幸地good luck to sb with sthGood luck to you with your trip to Shanghai.祝你上海之旅好运！health用法辨析health(n.健康)healthy(adj.)健康的healthier-healthiestunhealthy(adj.)healthily(adv.)健康地unhealthil

15、y(adv.)不健康地be in good health=be healthykeep/stay healthy保持健康Eating healthily is good for us.marry用法辨析marry(v.结婚,嫁,娶)married(adj.已婚的,结婚的marriage(n.) twelve years of marriage.be/get married to sb=marry sb嫁/娶某人regret(v.后悔;遗憾)用法辨析过去式/过去分词:regretted;现在分词:regrettingregret doing后悔做某事regret having done后悔做了某

16、事regret to do遗憾做.offer to do主动做offer sb sth=offer sth to sb提供某人某物provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb被动:be provided with sthadvise sb to do sth建议某人做某事advice不可数名词much advice比较:suggest doing sth建议做某事 suggestion (可数名词-many suggestions)manage to do sth设法做成=succeed in doing sth成功做到某事require(v.要求)requir

17、ement (n.)要求(可数)represent(v.代表;象征)respect(v.尊敬,尊重)reduce(v.减少,降低)refuse (v.拒绝,回绝)remain (v.逗留;保持不变)remind(v.提醒;使想起)cant help/stop doing sth忍不住做cant help (to) do sth不能帮助做某事help oneself to sth自取be of some help to sb=be helpful to sb=be a help to sblive/lively/alive/living辨析live(v.)居住;(adj.)活着的;实况转播的;(

18、adv.)在现场直播a live show直播sth be covered live.被现场报道lively(adj.)活泼的、有生气的,充满生机的living(adj.)活着的,健在的;living 前加上 the , 表示类别,指“活着的人们”为复数make a living (n.)谋生alive(adj.)活着的bring dinosaurs alive on screen把活的恐龙搬上银幕stay alive活下去keep sth alive活下来;使.保存下来sometimes/some times/sometime/some time辨析sometimes(adv.)有时候som

19、e times几次；几倍sometime某个时候some time一段时间at a time一次at one time曾经for the first time第一次the first time+句子at times=from time to time不时,有时,偶尔choose to do sth被动be chosen to do sthchose-chosenhave no choice but to do sth别无选择只能做have the courage to do sth有勇气做have the strength to do sth有力气做某事have the chance to d

20、o sth有机会做chances are that有可能have a gift for对.有天赋have/do/perform an operation on对.动手术=operate on sbhave nothing to do with sb/sth与无关have something to do with与.有关have.time/energy to do sth有时间.做某事have/has to do sth重点动词及短语辨析make相关短语 (make成为；合适/linking v.)make a difference (to sb./sth.)（对.)有影响,起作用make no

21、 difference对.没有影响make sth +adj.make up编造,化妆,弥补,和好make up ones mind决定=decide/make the decision to dobe made up of由.组成make it及时到达;成功做到make sure设法确保;弄清楚,查明make efforts to do sth努力做某事=make every effortmake a fire生火make progress（不可数名词)取得进步make noise发出嘈杂声make a mistake犯错误That makes two of us.对我来说也是如此。make

22、 a contribution to对.有贡献go相关短语go on doing sth继续做某事(同一件事)go on to to sth继续做某事(另外一件事)go on with sth继续某事go on a visit to去参观go against违背,违反go by走过,流逝go off熄灭,消失go (well)with与相配go through通过;经历,遭受=experience(v.)go for sth去从事（某项活动或运动),去参加go into hiding 躲藏起来go out出去;熄灭(vi.没有被动)go over复习;回顾 go to hospital 去看病

23、go wrong 弄错；犯错；（机器)出故障break相关短语(break-broke-broken)break down（车辆或机器)出故障,坏掉;崩溃;分解break out爆发(vi.) break away (from)脱离；离开break into强行闯入(vt.)/break in(vi.)break up关系破裂,分手;解散;放假;使破裂have a break休息come相关短语辨析come up with想出(主意)come up被提出;走上前来come out出版;开花(vi.)come true实现come down崩塌,坍塌come on来吧；赶快;算了吧look相关短

24、语辨析looks(n.)相貌,容貌look out (for sth)留神,当心=watch out当心look over审阅,检查look through浏览,快速查看look up查询look up new words in a dictionarylook up to sb尊敬look down on sb轻视look after照顾,照料look into调查；往里看look forward to(doing)sth盼望,期待The film we are looking forward to will be shown next week.turn相关短语turning(n.转弯处)

25、turn out原来是,结果是turn around转身；(使)翻转turn to转向,查阅,求助于turn.into.把.变成.turn up到场,开大点turn down把调小,拒绝turn off关掉(灯,水龙头,煤气等);使失去兴趣turn on打开;使感兴趣turn right/turn lefttake a turn for the better/worse好转/恶化take turns to do sth轮流做某事It is ones turn to do sth轮到某人做set up等短语辨析(set-set-set-setting)set up成立;诬陷某人set off启程

26、;使爆炸set in开始；来临be set in以.为背景set sb doing sth使某人做某事think有关的短语thought(n.)想法think twice (about sth)三思而行think of认为;考虑think about (doing)sth考虑做某事think highly of高度评价give相关用法辨析give sb/sth a try让.试试give sb a chance to do给某人做某事的机会give sb the courage to do给某人勇气做某事give a helping hand 帮助,伸出援助之手give up放弃give of

27、f散发;发出give in to sb/sth屈服give a talk做报告give advice提出建议keep相关短语辨析(keep-kept)keep (on)doing sth继续,重复做某事keep sb doing sth使某人一直做某事keep sb.from sth保护,使免受keep.in order使.保持井然有序keep in touch with.与.保持联系keep off远离keep worries to oneself把烦恼闷在心里keep ones word/promise信守诺言keep a record保持纪录keep a secret保守秘密带out的短

28、语work out算出;解决；制定;锻炼(vi.)try out for sth参加.选拔(或试演)try on试穿hand out分发；提出point out指出,说明carry out 开展;执行be tired out精疲力尽stay out待在户外;(晚上)不回家stay up熬夜cut out剪出cut.short缩短cut down砍倒cut in(on sb./sth.)打断（谈话),插嘴find out发现find ones way out找到出路give out分发(vt.);用光(vi.) put outcome outturn out证明是(vi.)run out用光;跑

29、出来break out爆发go out出去;熄灭look out留神,当心out of control失去控制,无法管理out of breath上气不接下气in相关短语辨析be in a bad mood情绪不好in high spirits情绪高涨in general总的来说;大体上in all 总共,总计in fear of ones life为生命安全担忧in prison坐牢in a hurry急忙,赶忙in the middle of在.中间in your dreams你做梦,你妄想in common共同之处in shape健康out of shapein orderout of orderin trouble处于麻烦中in danger处于危险中=at risktheres danger有危险hand in上交,递交=turn inguard against (doing)sth防范,提防(某事)在春季可以使用什么方法来提防感冒？What methods can be used to guard against catching a cold in spring?重点动词等用法1.make sb do sth被动:be