高盛财经词典 英汉对照.docx

1、高盛财经词典 英汉对照高盛财经词典 - 汉英对照0-9中文词句EnglishEnglish Definitions144A 条例Rule 144AAn SEC rule that modified a two-year holding period requirement on privately placed securities by permitting Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIBs) to trade these positions among themselves. 18定律Rule of 18A rule whereby the sum

2、of the inflation rate and the P/E ratio of the Dow Jones Industrial Average is an indicator of the direction of the stock market. If the total is above 18, stocks are supposed to decrease. If the total is under 18, then the stock ma1940年投资公司法Investment Company Act of 1940Created in 1940 through an a

3、ct of Congress, this piece of legislation clearly defines the responsibilities and limitations placed upon fund companies that offer investment products to the public.72定律Rule of 72A rule stating that in order to find the number of years required to double your money at a given interest rate, you di

4、vide the compound return into 72. The result is the approximate number of years that it will take for your investment to double.A-Z中文词句EnglishEnglish DefinitionsAPICS（美国生产及库存控制协议）商业前景指数 APICS Business Outlook Index A national manufacturing index that surveys several manufacturing firms on a monthly

5、basis. If the index is above 50 it signals expansion, if it dips below 50 it indicates contraction.CAMELS评级制度 CAMELS Rating System An international bank-rating system with which bank supervisory authorities rate institutions according to six factors. The six areas examined are represented by the acr

6、onym CAMELS. CEDEL CEDEL One of two principal clearing houses for Euromarket securities. Notice that the formula may also be written as: accounts payable / (cost of sales/number of days). Notice that the formula may also be written as: accounts receivable / (credit sales/number of days). Net Operati

7、ng Income Total Debt Service Net Income Shareholders EquityThe ROE is useful in comparing the profitability of a company to other firms in the same industry. Calculated as total tax paid divided by taxable income. 2. In the case of fixed income, a bond with a rating of BBB or higher. Operating cash

8、flow is calculated through a series of adjustments to net income. It can be found on the statement of cash flows. ? 2. The difference between the swap rate and the lending rate offered through other investment vehicles with comparable characteristics. GDP平减数 GDP Deflator An economic metric used to a

9、ccount for inflation by converting output measured at current prices into constant-dollar GDP. The GDP deflator shows how much a change in the base years GDP relies upon changes in the price level. GDP差距 GDP Gap The sacrificed output within a countrys economy due to the failure to create sufficient

10、jobs for all those willing to work. H股 H-Shares A share of a Chinese company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. 一划中文词句EnglishEnglish Definitions一次性偿还Bullet RepaymentA single payment for an entire loan amount that is paid at maturity. 一次总付分配Lump Sum DistributionA one time payment for the entire

11、amount due, rather than breaking payments into smaller installments. Some lump-sum distributions receive special tax treatment.一级资本Tier 1 CapitalA term used to describe the capital adequacy of a bank. Tier I capital is core capital, this includes equity capital and disclosed reserves.一般义务债券General O

12、bligation BondA municipal bond backed by the credit and taxing power of the issuing jurisdiction, rather than the revenue from a given project. 一般折旧制度General Depreciation SystemThe most commonly used system for calculating depreciation. Personal property is depreciated using the declining-balance me

13、thod, which involves applying the depreciation rate against the undepreciated balance.二划中文词句EnglishEnglish Definitions七大工业国Group of Seven (G-7)Seven of the worlds leading countries that meet periodically to achieve a cooperative effort on international economic and monetary issues.七大工业国G-7Seven of t

14、he worlds leading countries that meet periodically to achieve a cooperative effort on international economic and monetary issues.二级市场Secondary MarketA market in which an investor purchases an asset from another investor, rather than an issuing corporation.二级发行Secondary OfferingA sale of securities i

15、n which one or more major stockholders in a company sell all or a large portion of their holdings. The underwriting proceeds are paid to the stockholders, rather than to the corporation.人寿保险Life InsuranceA protection against the lost income that would result if the insured were to pass away. The nam

16、ed beneficiary receives the proceeds and is thereby safeguarded from financial impacts of the death of the insured.二级资本Tier 2 CapitalA term used to describe the capital adequacy of a bank. Tier II capital is secondary bank capital that includes items such as undisclosed reserves, general loss reserv

17、es, subordinated term debt, and more.三划中文词句EnglishEnglish Definitions个人收入Personal IncomeAn individuals total earnings coming from wages, business enterprises, and various investments.个人消费开支PCESimilar to CPI, PCE is a report (actually a part of the personal income report) put out by the Bureau of Eco

18、nomic Analysis of the Department of Commerce. PCE is a measure of price changes in consumer goods and services. It consists of the actual and imputed expenditures of households, and includes data pertaining to durables, non-durables, and services.个人理财Personal FinanceFinancial planning for individual

19、s. Generally, it involves analyzing their current financial position, predicting short-term and long-term needs, and recommending a financial strategy. This may involve advice on pensions, school fees, mortgages, life insurance, and investments.子公司、附属公司SubsidiaryA company owned by another company th

20、at controls more than 50% of its voting stock. 上市公司Public CompanyA company that has issued securities through an offering which are now traded on the open market. 上市证券Listed SecuritySecurities that have been accepted for trading purposes by a recognized and regulated exchange.已充分反映实值Fully ValuedA st

21、ock that has reached a price that accurately reflects the strength of the company. 已动用资本回报率Return On Capital Employed (ROCE)A ratio that indicates the efficiency and profitability of a companys capital investments. Calculated as: Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) (Capital employed + Short term

22、 borrowings - Intangible assets) 已动用资本回报率ROCE A ratio that indicates the efficiency and profitability of a companys capital investments. Calculated as: Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) (Capital employed + Short term borrowings - Intangible assets) 已发行股票Shares OutstandingThe number of shares t

23、hat are currently owned by investors. This includes restricted shares (shares owned by the companys officers and insiders) and shares held by the public. Shares that the company has repurchased are not considered outstanding stock.大宗交易Block TradeThe sale or purchase of a large quantity of securities

24、. 广泛基础加权平均Broad-Based Weighted AverageAn anti-dilution provision used for the benefit of existing preferred shareholders when additional offerings are made by the corporation. The broad-based weighted average accounts for all equity previously issued and currently undergoing issue.广泛基础指数Broad-Base I

25、ndexAn index designed to reflect the movement of the entire market. 下调评级DowngradeA negative change in the rating of a security. 子弹式交易Bullet TradeThe act of purchasing an in the money put option so that the buyer can capitalize on a bear market by effectively shorting a stock without waiting for an u

26、ptick.已售商品成本COGSAn expense that reflects the cost of the product or good that generates revenue for a company. Sometimes referred to as Cost of Sales.已售商品成本Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)An expense that reflects the cost of the product or good that generates revenue for a company. Sometimes referred to as

27、 Cost of Sales.下游DownstreamRefers to oil and gas operations after the production phase and through to the point of sale. 已解除债务的破产人Discharge in BankruptcyWhen a bankrupt person or company is legally free and clear of any obligation to repay certain debts. 已缴资本Paid-Up CapitalThe state of a settlement

28、when all payment obligations for a security has been completed. 兀鹫投资者Vulture Capitalist1. A slang word for a venture capitalist who deprives an inventor of control over their own innovations and most of the money they should have made from the invention. 2. A venture capitalist who invests in flound

29、ering firms in the hopes that they will turn around. 兀鹫基金Vulture FundA fund that buys securities in distressed investments, such as high-yield bonds in (or near) default or equities that are in (or near) bankruptcy. 四划中文词句EnglishEnglish Definitions五大工业国G-5Five of the worlds leading countries that me

30、et periodically to achieve a cooperative effort on international economic and monetary issues. 五大工业国Group of Five (G-5)Five of the worlds leading countries that meet periodically to achieve a cooperative effort on international economic and monetary issues. 公开上市Going PublicThe process of selling sha

31、res that were formerly privately-held to new investors for the first time.开支比率Expense RatioThe percentage of the assets that were spent to run a mutual fund. It includes things like management and advisory fees, travel costs, and 12b-1 fees. The expense ratio does not include brokerage costs for trading the portfolio.公开市场委员会Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC