完整版外研版初一英语语法知识点总结复习最新超详细版.docx

1、完整版外研版初一英语语法知识点总结复习最新超详细版初一英语语法知识点总结复习课时一教学任务一、重点语法1.动词be（am,is,are）的用法：be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。句型解析析：I am+例句：I am Snoopy.I am ten years old. I am a student. I am a boy.第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析：You are+例句：You are my good friend. You are a good teacher.You are beautiful第三人称单数(He or S

2、he or It)配合is使用。句型解析：She(He, It) is +例句：She is a good girl.She is so tall.She is short.人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We (You, They) are +例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.用法口诀：我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前

3、提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。对应练习：一. 用括号中适当的词填空。1. I _(am, are, is) from Australia.2. She _ (am, are, is) a student.3. Jane and Tom _(am, is, are) my friends.4. My parents _ (am, is, are) very busy every day.5. _ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?6. _ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they exci

4、ted when he heard the news?7. There _ (be) some glasses on it.8. If he _ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.一、用be 动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. W

5、here _ your mother? She _ at home. 7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they? 11. That _ my red skirt. 12. Who _ I? 13.The jeans _ on the desk. 14.Here _ a scarf for you. 15. Here _ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang.

6、17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _ for me. 19. Some tea _ in the glass. 20. Gao shans shirt _ over there. 第二课时（1）英语人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit人称代词

7、主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too. We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me. Lets go (lets =let us)二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词

8、mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Is this your book? No,，it isnt， its hers(her book)This pen is mine.代词练习（一） 一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）.3. （He / His

9、）name is Mark. 4. Whats（she / her）name?5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?7. （I/ My）am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister.9. Fine , thank （your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。1. These are _ ( he ) brothers.2. That is _( she ) sister.3. Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister.4. Tom, t

10、his is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary.5. Now _(her parent) are in America.6. Those _ ( child ) are _ ( I ) fathers students.7. Do you know _ ( it ) name?8. Mike and Tom _ ( be ) friends.9. Thanks for helping _( I ).10. _(Ann安)mother is _(we) teacher.三、单项选择。（ ）1. My family _ a big family. My family _all here.

11、A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is（ ）2. This is _. A. a picture of family B. a picture of my familyC. a familys picture D. a family of my picture（ ）3. Lets _ good friends.A. be B. are C. is D. am（ ）4. Is she your aunt? Yes, _.A. shes B. her is C. she is D. he is（ ）5. Are _ coats yours? Yes,

12、 they are .A. they B. these C. this D. there（ ）6. Is that _ uncle? No, it isntA. he B. she C. her D. hers（ ）7. Mrs. Green is _ grandmother. A. Jim and Kate B. Jim and KatesC. Jims and Kates D. Jim and Kates（ ）8. Do you know the name _Mr. Greens son?A. in B. of C. on D. or（ ）9. _ the great photo of y

13、our family. A. thank for B. Thanks forC. Thank for D. thanks for（ ）10. Are those your friends? _. A. Yes, theyre B. No, they areC. Yes, they are D. Yes, those are代词练习（二）一、用适当的代词填空1We like _ (he, his , him) very much.2Is this guitar _ (you, your, yours)?3_(She, Her, Hers) name is Li Li.4Father bought

14、 a desk for _ (I, my, me, mine).5_ (It, Its, Its) is very cold today.6Is this your book, Mike?Yes ,_(we, you, they )are.7Are you and Tom classmates?Yes, _(we, you ,they )are.8Each of the students _( have, has) a pen pal.9He has a dog. I want to have _(it, one ),too.10Her parents are _ (both, all ,ei

15、ther )teachers.11The text is easy for you .There are _( few, a few ,little, a little) new words in it 12I want _( some, any) bananas. Give me these big _(one, ones).二、选择正确的答案1Is this _ book?Ayou BI Cshe Dyour2Its a bird. _ name is Polly.AIts BIts CHis DIt3Whats that ?_ a jeep.AitsBIts CItsDits4Whats

16、 that in English? _.AIts eggBThats egg CIts a eggDIts an egg5Whose cat is this ? Is it yours? Is it a white _?Acats Bone ConesDcats6Please give the book to _.AI Bme Cmy Dmine7_skirt is yours?AWhose BWhere CHow DWhich8_ is this pen ? Its Wang Fangs.AWhos BWhose CWhere DWhich9Kate and Mike do _ homewo

17、rk in the evening.Aones Bhis Cher Dtheir10There isnt _ water in the bottle.Aany Bsome CnoDa 课时二（2）简单句一 陈述句1、 概念：说明一个事实或是陈述说话人的看法的句子，句末用句号。 2、 分类：陈述句根据其语法结构，可大体分为“主语+谓语”和“主语+连系动词+表语”两种；而从语气的角度分，又可分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句（1）“主语+谓语”结构 肯定陈述句I like that book.我喜欢那本书。（陈述一个事实） I really agree.我确实同意。（陈述一个观点） 否定陈述句I did

18、not buy the TV.我没有买那个电视。（陈述一个事实）（2）主语+连系动词+表语结构 肯定陈述名The film is boring . 这部电影没意思。（陈述观点） 否定陈述句Smoking is not good for your health.抽烟对你的健康没有好处。（陈述一个事实）3、 陈述句的否定结构：陈述句的否定式主要用两种结构来表达：（1）句子的谓语动词为be , have 或者谓语动词有助动词、情态动词时，其否定结构为：主语+谓语动词/助动词/情态动词 + not + 其他成分 I am not a teacher. 我不是老师。We have not (havent

19、) any books on animals. 我们没有任何有关动物方面的书。 The children are not (arent) playing in the playground. 孩子们没在操场上玩。 He will not (wont) come. 他不会来。We must not (mustnt) forget the past. 我们不能忘记过去。 It could not (couldnt) be lost. 它不可能丢的。（2） 当句子的谓语动词是do (即行为动词)，而且没有助动词或情态动词时，其否定结构为：主语+do (does,did) + not + 动词原形 +

20、 其他成分You do not (dont) come here every day . 你没有每天都来这里。 He does not (doesnt) teach this class . 他不教这个班。They did not(didnt) watch TV last night . 昨晚他们没看电视。注意：陈述句的语调一般用降调。但在表示疑问的语气时，用升调，在书面上要用问号来表示。You really want to go to Hong Kong ? 你真的想去香港吗？这句话表示的是一种疑问，只不过是通过陈述的语序和疑问的语气来表达的二 疑问句 疑问句是用来提出疑问的句子，句末用问号

21、“？”。常考的疑问句有四类，即：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。第一节 一般疑问句一般疑问句通常需要用yes 或no 来回答，所以又叫做“是非疑问句”。在读这种句子时要用升调。一般疑问句主要有以下几种类型： 1、“be + 主语 + 表语”结构 Are you sleepy ? 你困了吗？ Yes, I am . 是的，我困了。 3、“情态动词 + 主语言+ 行为动词（或be）”结构 May/Can I use the telephone? 我能用这部电话吗？ Yes, you can. 是的，可以。 5、“助动词（do, does, did）+ 主语 + 行为动词”结构 Do

22、 you like swimming in summer? 你喜欢夏天游泳吗？ No, I dont . 不，我不喜欢。难点提示回答否定性一般疑问句时，要在Yes 后面用肯定结构，表示肯定；在No 后面用否定结构，表示否定。注意在说法上正好与汉语习惯相反。诀窍是在回答的时候，只要把它当成没有加否定形式的普通一般疑问句看待就可以了。注意下面例句的回答和它的意思。Is he not your elder brother? 他不是你的哥哥吗？ Yes, he is . 不，他是（我的哥哥）。No, he is not. 是的，他不是（我的哥哥）。 Isnt she very clever? 她难道不

23、是很聪明吗？ Yes, she is. 不，她很聪明。 No, she is not . 是，她不聪明。第二节 特殊疑问句一、特殊疑问句是用来提出来特定问题的疑问句，要求听到问题的人针对特定情况来做具体的回答，不能像一般疑问句一样简单地用Yes 或No 来回答，特殊疑问句要用降调来读。 二、特殊疑问句的结构：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句Who do English homework in the evening?谁晚上做英语家庭作业？ What do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么？What homework do you do in the evening?你晚上做什

24、么家庭作业？When do you do English homework?你什么时候做英语家庭作业？三、注意：对人提问时who“谁”对所属（谁的）提问用whose“谁的” 对哪一个提问用which“哪一个”对时间提问用when“什么时候”或what time“几点” 对物体提问用what“什么” 对地点提问用where“哪里” 对原因提问用why“为什么” 对方式提问用how“怎么样” 对数量提问用how many“多少”（用于可数名词复数）或how much“多少”（用于不可数名词）四、难点提示1、 以why开头的特殊疑问句否定形式常用于表示建议、请求等。 Why dont you hav

25、e a try? 你为什么不试试呢？2、 特殊疑问句常用到一些缩略形式，在平时学习中要注意习惯这些用法。I dont want to go there. How about you? 我不想去那儿，你呢？ But what else? 可是还有什么呢？把下列句子变成否定句：1. I am listening to music. _ 2. Mike is a student. _3Sarah can clean the classroom. _ 4. They are in the zoo. _ 5. There are some flowers in the vase._6. This is

26、my sister. _ 7. We are sweeping the floor._8. We need some masks. _9. They like making the puppet. _ 10. Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house._11. I put a book on my head._ 12. They sing “In the classroom” together._ 13. We play basketball on Sundays._ 14. Tom likes listening to music_肯定句改一般疑问句的方法肯定句改一般疑问句的方法肯定句改一般疑问句的方法肯定句改一般疑问句的方法三步法1. 有be动词/情态动词：be动词/情态动词提到句首，其余照抄，(some改成any，my改成your）句末用问号。2. 无be动词/情态动词，在句首加Do/Does/Did，其余照抄，(some改成any，my改成your）句末用