第二章 系统操作.docx

1、第二章 系统操作2SYSTEM OPERATIONSOASyS ? 6.2UX Baseline Document Revision 0.7Proprietary and Confidential to Metso Automation系统操作2.1 概述 A typical system should have one primary site, one or more backup sites, and one or more decision support sites. The primary site may automatically go operational at start

2、up, but the backup site does not. Site failover is allowed for both the primary and backup sites, but not for a decision support site. The decision support site is for the MIS department. It nables the department to obtain access to data. 一个典型的系统应有一个主站点，一个或更多的备份站点，以及一个或多个裁决支撑站点。主站点应能够自动启动，备份站点不能自动启动

3、。站点失败对主站和备份站点是允许的，但对决策支撑站点是不支持的。决策支撑站点为MIS部分服务，它允许MIS访问数据。Figure 2-1 A Typical OASyS System The naming convention that is used for each machine is: XXXWYYYYZ (ALL IN UPPER CASE) XXX System name (for example, ABC) W Site (P for primary, B for backup, or D for decision support) YYY Service (CMX, XIS,

4、or XOS) Z An identifier (for example, 1, 2, or 3) 各类机器的命名规定是： XXXWYYYYZ (全部大写) XXX系统名字（例如，ABC） W站点名（P主站，B备份站，D决策站） YYY服务(CMX, XIS, or XOS) Z标识符(例如，1， 2，3) The status of a CMX or XIS machine can be determined by typing stat at the UNIX command prompt on a hot or standby CMX or XIS. It returns the ser

5、vice status (for example, hot, standby or fail), and site status (for example, operational, ready, or fail).This chapter describes the functional components of system operations with which a SystemAdministrator should be familiar. These topics consist of: OASyS operation OASyS off-site operation OAS

6、yS decision support operation Licensing Troubleshooting CMX或XIS机器状态能打入UXIX命令确定CMX或XIS是热还是备份。将返回服务器状态（例如：热，备份，失败）和站点状态（例如：运作的，备用的或失败的）。该部分叙述系统管理员应熟悉的系统操作功能，由以下内容组成： OASyS 操作 OASyS 离线站点操作 OASyS 决策支撑操作 许可 故障处理2.2 OASyS Operation（OASYS操作） The following system administration functions, which are describe

7、d in the next four sections,are required for maintaining normal OASyS operations: Startup Shutdown Backup Restoration 下述系统管理功能，是维护OASYS正常运行的基本要求，将分四个部分进行描述。 启动 卸载（关闭） 备份 恢复（还原）2.2.1 Startup（启动） The machines that are components of an OASyS system are configured to perform a combination of two or more

8、 OASyS services. These include: OAS General OASyS service (runs on all machines) OMS OASyS management station (runs on a UNIX server) CMX SCADA kernel (runs on a UNIX server) XIS Historical information (runs on a UNIX server) XOS Graphical operator station (runs on each NT client workstation) OASYS系

9、统构成应配置为两个及以上OASYS服务器联合运行。包含以下部分： 一般的OASYS服务（所有机器都运行） OASYS管理工作站（运行于一个UNIX服务器） SCADA内核（运行于一个UNIX服务器） 历史信息（运行于一个UNIX服务器） 绘图操作工作站（运行于各NT客户工作站） Most OASyS services are typically configured to start automatically when a server or workstation powers up. The OAS service is started automatically on all OASy

10、S servers and workstations. 大部分OASYS服务被设置为当服务器或工作站上电时自动启动。OAS服务在所有的OASYS服务器和工作站上都是自动启动。 CMX and XIS always start automatically when a CMX or XIS machine is powered up. 当装有CMX或XIS机器加电时CMX和XIS总是自动启动的 XOS starts automatically on all machines that are configured for regular XOS display. On machines for

11、casual users, the XOS service must be started manually. 为经常XOS显示的所有机器配置成XOS自动启动，在临时用户的机器上XOS服务可以手动启动。 The same mechanism that is used to automatically start up an OASyS service can also be used to start the service manually. All services are started by executing a startup script.It is rarely necessa

12、ry to manually start any service unless it has been shut down using the manual shutdown procedures. If a manual startup is required, the first step is to determine which service must be started. The second step is to issue the appropriate startup command. The startup command cannot be executed remot

13、ely; it must be issued on the server or workstation on which the service is run. 同样的机械装置自动启动OASYS服务也可手工启动。所有服务器执行启动脚本启动，这是针对很少需要手工启动的服务，但不排除手工停运程序。如果需要手工启动第一步要确定哪个服务应当启动，第二步发布适当的启动命令。启动命令不能被远程执行，必须在运行那个服务的机器上发布命令。 During start up of the system, any errors that occur result into error messages being

14、written to a log file, oasErrLog. These messages describe the action that should be taken to correct the situation. This file is located in the OASySroot/log directory. 在系统启动期间，发生的任何错误将写入日志文件“oasErrLog”，这些信息记述了发生过的事件动作。该文件放在OASYSROOT/LOG目录下。 NOTE If uncertain whether or not a service has been shut d

15、own, perform a shutdown on the service before attempting to restart it. A shutdown ensures that remaining portions of processes are purged, and it does not harm the system in any way. OASyS will not start if a service has not been shut down properly. The OASyS system will not operate correctly unles

16、s the CMX system, site, and service tables are correctly configured for your system. 注意：不管是否缺定服务在停运状态，在企图重启服务之前在服务器上执行停运命令。关闭命令确保残留的进程被清除，对系统不产生任何伤害。如果有一服务没正确卸下OASYS将不能启动。2.2.1.1 OAS Service Manual Startup（手动启动OAS服务） The OAS service is normally started automatically when any OASyS server or workstat

17、ion is powered up. This service consists of a few processes that are common to all OASyS machines,including the system monitor and the network spooler service. The OAS service must be running before any other service is started.It is also possible to manually start up the OAS service by issuing the

18、oas_startup command from the UNIX prompt. The OAS startup aborts if an OAS service is already running.If a startup error is encountered, a message is written to a log file, oasErrLog, describing the action to be taken. For example: Run oas_shutdown before oas_startup. OAS is already running. OAS服务通常

19、当任一OAS服务器或工作站上电时自动启动。OAS服务由所有OASYS机器公共的短小进程组成，包含系统监视和网络服务。OAS必须在其它服务启动前运行。同样可以在UNIX提示符上发出OAS STARTUP命令手工启动OAS服务。如果一个OAS服务已经运行，OAS启动会失败。如果一个启动错误出现了，该信息将被写进oasErrLog记录文件之中，用以描述已经发生的情况。例如： 在运行oas_startup之前，先运行oas_shutdown OAS已经在运行 NOTE OAS service is automatically started on an XOS/OMS station when the

20、 XOS/OMS session is started. 注意：在XOS/OMS工作站上当XOS/OMS启动时OAS服务会自动启动。2.2.1.2 OMS Service Manual Startup（手动启动OMS服务） The OMS service is always started manually. The OMS service consists of all the processes that make up the system management portion of the OASyS system. To manually start up the OMS syste

21、m, execute the oms_startup command on the OMSstation. OMS should start if the following conditions are met: An OAS service must be currently running An OMS service cannot already be running OM服务器通常是手动启动。OMS服务由所有的进程组成，这些进程构成了OAS系统的系统管理部分。手动启动OMS系统，可以在OMS工作站执行oms_startup命令。当下述条件满足时，OMS就启动了。 OAS服务正在运行

22、OMS服务没有运行 If a startup error is encountered, a message is written to a log file, oasErrLog, describing the action to be taken. For example: No system monitor present on this host. (No system monitor present) Run oms_shutdown before oms_startup. OMS is already running. 假如遇到启动错误，就会有信息提示并将错误信息保存在日志文件oa

23、sErrLog里。例如： 主机没有系统监视器 启动OMS前需将OMS关闭 OMS才能启动运行2.2.1.3 CMX Service Manual Startup（手动启动CMX服务） The CMX service is normally started automatically when a CMX server is powered up. The CMX service consists of all the processes making up the realtime portion of the SCADA system, including the communication

24、 processes, CMX SQL server, event spoolers, etcetera. The OAS service must be running on the CMX server before the CMX service is started. It is possible to manually start up the CMX service by executing the cmx_startup command on the CMX station. CMX should start once the following conditions are m

25、et: There must be an OAS service currently running on the server. There must not be a CMX service already running. The current configuration must match the configuration entries in the CMX oas_system, oas_site and oas_service tables for a CMX service running on this station. CMX服务器在上电时CMX服务通常自动启动，CM

26、X是由SCADA系统适时部分全部进程组成，其中包括通讯进程，CMX SQL server,事件假脱机系统等。OAS必须在CMX服务启动之前运行。CMX也可在CMX工作站上用执行 cmx startup命令手工启动。CMX符合以下条件才能启动： 必须有一OAS服务正在运行 必须无CMX在运行 当前的配置必须与运行CMX服务工作站上CMX中oas_system,oas_site和oas_service表匹配 If a startup error is encountered, a message is written to a log file, OASySroot/log/oasErrLog,

27、describing the action to be taken. For example: Run oas_startup before cmx_startup. No system monitor present on this host. Run cmx_shutdown before cmx_startup. Cannot load database while CMX is running. CMX is already running. 假如遇到启动错误，就会有信息提示并将OAS错误保存在日志文件OASySroot/log/oasErrLog里。例如： 运行cmx_startup

28、前，需先运行oas_startup 主机没有系统监视器 运行cmx_startup前，需先运行cmx_shutdown 当CMX运行时，不能加载数据库 CMX已经运行 CMX startup completes after going through several phases. The first phase involves creating an initialized CMX database and loading text files that describe the configuration of services, site, and system. These init

29、ialization files are contained within OASySroot/database/ and are named oas_services.init, oas_site.init, and oas_system.init. Once the initialization files are loaded into CMX, arbitration processes determine which CMX database to load, which can either be the local file copy or the one on the hot

30、CMX service. The CMX database is then reloaded and the remaining CMX processes or services are started. CMX启动要经过几个阶段才完成。首先要创建和初始化CMX数据库和载入服务器、工作站及系统配置文本文件。这些初始化文件位于OASySroot/database/名称是oas_services.init, oas_site.init, oas_system.init。一旦初始化文件装入CMX，仲裁进程决定哪个CMX数据库装入，是当地文件拷贝或是热CMX服务器二者取一。CMX数据库可重载并住留C

31、MX进程或启动服务器。 CMX startup may take several minutes to complete. The stat utility displays the state of the CMX and XIS services. When stat is invoked, the starting services status is initially listed as initializing. Once startup has successfully completed, the status appears as hot or standby.The status fail is returned if the startup fails. CMX启动完成需几分钟。STAT有效地显示CMX和XIS服务器状态。当STAT调用时启动服务器状态初始化被显示。一旦启动顺利完成，热和备用服务器状态出现。如果启动失败返回失败状态。2.2.1.4 XIS Service Manual Startup（手动启动XIS服务）The XIS service is normally started automatically when an XIS server is powered up. The XI