高考三年高考真题英语分项汇编专题03形容词和副词.docx

1、高考三年高考真题英语分项汇编专题03形容词和副词三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编：专题03形容词和副词三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编专题03 形容词和副词 一、2019年高考真题1.【2019江苏卷单项填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people _ options to exercise.A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual偶

2、然的，随便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧的，密封的。故选C。2.【2019新课标I卷语法填空】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.【答案】poorly【解析】考查副词用法

3、。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。3.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.【答案】finally【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填final

4、ly。4.【2019新课标III卷语法填空】On our way to the house，it was raining _61_ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】so【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“sothat”意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。二、2018年高考真题1.【2018江苏】34. Despite

5、the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A. keen B. reluctantC. anxious D. ready【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready准备好的。故选B。点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。因此，考生必须充分利用这一特定语境。同时，考生应注意

6、多积累由形容词组成的固定短语。本题中4个选择项中都可以与to连用。be keen to渴望；be reluctant to不情愿做；be anxious to急于；be ready to乐意，再分析句意可以得出答案。2.【2018新课标I卷语法填空】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners.【答案】 longer【解析】考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级，故填long

7、er。3.【2018新课标I卷短文改错】I felt happily that their life had improved.【答案】happily改成happy 【解析】考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。此处形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。4.【2018新课标II卷语法填空】A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.【答案】 actually【解

8、析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。4.【2018新课标II卷语法填空】According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe)fertilizer consumption.【答案】 global【解析】句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。5.【2018新课标III卷语法填空】He screams the_63

9、_(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.【答案】 loudest【解析】考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。5.【201浙江卷语法填空】There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health.【答案】higher【解析】考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填higher。三、2017年高考真题【2017江苏卷】29.

10、 Only five years after Steve Jobs death ,smart phones defeated _ PCs in sales.A. controversial B. contradictory C. confidential D. conventional 【答案】D考点：考查形容词的辨析【2017江苏卷】34. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _ explanations are hard to find.A. alte

11、rnative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent 【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查形容词的辨析。A. alternative可供替代的；B. aggressive好斗的，有进取心的；C. ambiguous 有野心的，耗时的；D. apparent显而易见的。句意：恐龙的消失未必是由天体灾害引起的，但是也很难找到其它的解释。故选A。考点：考查形容词的辨析【2017天津卷】3. I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.Im sorry, but he is not _ at the moment,

12、 for the meeting hasnt ended.A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available【答案】D考点：考查形容词。【名师点睛】英语中形容词的考查主要是考查形容词的词义辨析和对语境的理解。本句中的语境很明显，根据空前的对不起和空后的原因的解释，说明怀特先生没有空，即现在很忙。 2016年高考真题1.【2016江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most_statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.A. ex

13、plicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。考点：考查形容词词义辨析2.【2016江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most_statements of how, and on what basis, data a

14、re collected.A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。考点：考查形容词词义辨析3.【2016浙江】16. In this article , you need to back up general statements with _ examples.A

15、. specific B. permanent C. abstract D. universal【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：句意：在文章中，你需要用具体的例子来支持总的观点。A.具体，明确的；B.永久的；C.抽象的；D.全球的，共通的。故选A。考点：考查形容词辨析。 【名师点睛】把相似、相近的词语或结构放在一起作为干扰选项，若我们基础知识掌握不牢就难于区分。解答这类题目，关键是理解题干意思以及各选项副词的意思，可以像数学中的代入法一样，依次把各个选项意思放入句子中进行比较，不难选出正确答案。还有抓住句中的关键词general和specific对应。三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇

16、编：专题07动词的时态、语态和主谓一致三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编专题07 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 一、2019年高考真题1.【2019江苏卷单项填空】 22.The musician along with his band members _ ten performances in the last three months.A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give【答案】B【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months

17、”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。2.【2019江苏卷单项填空】29.A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith _ in love with the people and culture there.A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell【答案D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：他到中国几

18、个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。3.【2019江苏卷单项填空】33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics.A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完

19、成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。4.【2019天津卷单项填空】2.I _ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldnt manage it.A. had hoped B. am hopingC. have hoped D. would hope【答案】A【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldnt”用的是一般过去时，它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。5.【2019天津

20、卷单项填空】8.Amy, as well as her brothers, _ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.A. is given B. are givenC. was given D. were given【答案】C【解析】本题考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和他的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知应用过去时，排除选项A和B。as well as连接并列主语，谓语动词就前原则。这句话真正的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。6.【2019新课标I卷语法填空】 O

21、f the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】are【解析】时态和考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。7.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】Picking up her“Lifetime Achievemen

22、t”award，proud Irene _64_(declare) she had no plans _to retire_ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。8.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】I dont see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends

23、 I _66_(make) over the years【答案】are【解析】考查动词的时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。9.【2019新课标II卷短文改错】And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.【答案】And the other that I wanted to help people in need.【解析】考查一般过去时。本篇文章使用的全是一般过去时，且与最后一句并列的“one wa

24、s that”用的也是一般过去时，所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。讲述当时做决定时的原因。故将is改为was。10.【2019新课标III卷语法填空】Our hosts shared many of their experiences and_65_(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.【答案】recommended。【解析】考查一般过去时。句

25、意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。11.【2019新课标III卷语法填空】On the last day of our week-long stay，we _69_(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars【答案】were invited。【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由“on the last

26、day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。二、2018年高考真题1.【2018北京】1. Hi, Im Peter. Are you new here? I havent seen you around?Hello, Peter. Im Bob. I just _ on Monday.A. start B. have started C. started D. had started【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：嗨，我是彼得。你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见

27、过你。你好，彼得。我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob现在在这儿，他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态，C选项正确。点睛：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态或过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday，last week，in the past，in 2017，once，a few days ago等。2.【2018北京】4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _ as a volunteer in the

28、neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：Susan已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候，她正在一个社区里做志愿者。Susan辞职发生在她当志愿者之前，had quit是过去完成时态，过去完成时态通俗的说就是“过去的过去”，且结合时间状语when I visited her last year可知，Susan做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的情况，故该空应用过去进行时态。B选项正确。点睛：过去进行时表示在

29、过去某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。3.【2018北京】7. Chinas high-speed railways _ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国的高速铁路已经从9,000公里增长到25,000公里。该句时间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况，故该句应用现在完成时态。B选

30、项正确。点睛：现在完成时可以表示过去的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的。常见的时间状语有：since + 时间点/从句，for two months，so far，recently，in the past/last few days等。4.【2018北京】9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountains for two days.A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had b

31、een trapped【答案】D【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who _ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句，修饰two tourists，two tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，其表达形式为had done，被动语态的表达形式为had been done。5.【2018天津】13. My washing machine _this week, so I have to wash my clothes by