英语语言学期末试题练习+答案.docx

1、英语语言学期末试题练习+答案英语语言学练习题. MatchingMatch each of the following terms in Column A with one of the appropriate definitions in Column B.Column A 1. displacement2. langue3. suprasegmental feature4. deep structure5. predication analysis6. idiolect7. pidgin8. mistakes9. interlanguage10. motivation11. arbitra

2、riness12. competence13. broad transcription14. morphology15. category16. errors 17. componential analysis18. context19. blending20. culture21. learning strategies22. selectional restrictions23. phrase structure rules24. culture diffusionColumn BA. Learners independent system of the second language,

3、which is of neither the native language nor the second language, but a continuum or approximation from his native language to the target language. 9B. Learners attitudes and affective state or learning drive, having a strong impact on his efforts n learning a second language. 21C. The rules that spe

4、cify the constituents of syntactic categories.23D. Through communication, some elements of culture A enter culture B and become part of culture B. 24E. A personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional, social, gender, and age variations. 6F. A special language va

5、riety that mixes or blends languages and it is used by people who speak different languages for restricted purposes such as trading. 7G. The kind of analysis which involves the breaking down of predications into their constituents- arguments and predicates. 5H. They refer to constraints on what lexi

6、cal items can go with what others. 22I. The structure formed by the XP rule in accordance with the heads subcategorization properties. 4J. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments. 3K. The study of the internal structure of words, and the rules that govern the rule of word fo

7、rmation. 14L. The abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community. 2M. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. It is one of the distinctive features of human language. 1N. Learners conscious, goal-oriented and problem

8、-solving based efforts to achieve learning efficiency. 10O. The total way of life of a people, including the patterns of belief, customs, objects, institutions, techniques, and language that characterizes the life of the human community. 20P. The common knowledge shared by both the speaker and heare

9、r. 18Q. The way of word formation by which new words may be formed by combining parts of other words. 19R. A group of linguistic items which fulfill the same or similar functions in a particular language, such as a sentence, a noun phrase or a verb. 15S. A way proposed by the structural semanticists

10、 to analyze word meaning. This approach believes that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components. 17T. The ideal users knowledge of the rules of his language. 12U. One of the properties of human language. It means that there is no logical connection between meanings and sounds. 1

11、1V. A way to transcribe speech sounds with letter-symbols only. 13 W. They reflect gaps in a learners knowledge of the target language, not self-corrigible. 16X. They reflect occasional lapses in performance. 8.Blank-filling. Fill in the following blanks with a word, whose initial letter has been gi

12、ven.1. “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet.” This quotation is a good illustration of the a_ nature of language.Arbitrary2. The description of a language at some point of time in history is a synchronic study; the description of a language as it changes through time is a d_ study.Diachron

13、ic 3. Chomsky defines c_ as the ideal users knowledge of the rules of his language, and performance the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication.Competence 4. In the production of vowels the air stream coming from the lungs meets with no o_. This marks the essential differenc

14、e between vowels and consonants.Obstruction 5. The different phones that can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the a_ of the phoneme.Allophone 6. Allophones of the same phoneme cannot occur in the same phonetic environment. They are said to be in c_ distribution.Compl

15、ementary7. When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as i_.Intonation 8. The m_ unit of meaning is traditionally called morpheme.Minimum 9. I_ morphemes are bound morphemes that are for the most part purely grammatical

16、 markers, signifying such concepts as tense, number, case and so on.Inflectional 10. Phrases that are formed of more than one word usually contain three elements: head, specifier, and c_.Complement 11. Concerning the study of meaning, conceptualist view holds that there is no direct link between a l

17、inguistic form and what it refers to; rather, in the interpretation of meaning they are linked through the mediation of c_ in the mind. concept 12. The sense relation between “animal” and “dog” is called h_. hyponymy13. P_ refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set of different meani

18、ngs.Polysemy 14. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the c_ of use is taken into consideration.Context 15. S_ refers to the linguistic variety characteristic of a particular social class.Sociolect 16. WHO is an a_ derived from the initials of “W

19、orld Health Organization”.Acronym 17. According to Halliday, language varies as its function varies; it differs in different situations. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation is a r_.Register 18. In cross-cultural communication, some elements of culture A ent

20、er culture B and become part of culture B, thus bringing about the phenomenon of cultural d_.Diffusion 19. While the first language is acquired s_, the second or foreign language is more commonly learned consciously.Subconsciously 20. Language a_ refers to a natural ability for learning a second lan

21、guage.Acquisition 21. Vibration of vocal cords results in a quality of speech sounds called “v”, which is a feature of all vowels and some consonants in English. Voice 22. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segment are called s_ features.Suprasegmental23. Morphology refers to th

22、e study of the internal structure of words and rules for word f_.Formation 24. The minimal unit of meaning is traditionally called m_.Morpheme 25. The sense relation between “autumn” and “fall” is called s_.Synonym 26. H_ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same fo

23、rm, i.e. , different words are identical in sound or spelling, or in both.Homonymy 27. In daily communication, people do not always observe the four maxims of the co-operative principle. Conversational i_ would arise when the maxims are flouted.Implicature 28. SARS is an a_ derived from the initials

24、 of “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome”.Acronym 29. I_ is a personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional, social, gender, and age variations.Idiolect30. RP, the short form of “R_ Pronunciation” refers to the particular way of pronouncing standard English.Receiv

25、ed .Multiple choice. Choose the best answer to the following items.1. _ is considered to be the father of modern linguistics. A. N. Chomsky B. F. de SaussureC. Leonard Bloomfield D. M. A. K. Halliday 2. In the scope of linguistics, _ form the part of language which links together the sound pattern a

26、nd meaning.A. morphology and syntax B. phonetics and semanticsC. semantics and syntax D. morphology and semantics3. _ studies the sounds from the hearers point of view, i.e., how the sounds are perceived by the hearer.A. auditory phonetics B. acoustic phonetics C. articulatory phonetics4. Which of t

27、he following words begins with a velar voiced stop? _A. god B. boss C. cock D. dog5. Which of the following words ends with a dental, voiceless fricative? _ A. rose B. wave C. cloth D. massage6. Which of the following words contains a back, open and unrounded vowel? _A. god B. boot C. walk D. task7.

28、 Which of the following is Not a velar sound? _A. h B. k C. g D. 8. Which of the following is Not a minimal pair?_A. bat, bite B. kill, pill C. peak, pig, D. meat, seat9. Which of the following isan open class words?_A. email B. but C. the D. they10. The underlined morphemes in the following belong

29、to the inflectional morphemes except _.A. paintsB. painter C. painted D. painting11. Which of the following words has more than three morphemes? _A. psychophysics B. boyfriends C. forefather D. undesirability12. The pair of words “dead and alive” is called _.A. gradable antonyms B. relational opposi

30、tes C. complementary antonyms13. Which pair of the following words can be categorized as stylistic synonyms?_A. torch & flashlight B. die & deceaseC. amaze & astound D. luggage & baggage14. X: John has given up smoking.Y: John used to smoke.The sense relation between the above sentences is _A. X ent

31、ails Y B. X presupposes Y C. X is synonymous with Y D. X is inconsistent with Y15. X: My father has been to London.Y: My father has been to UK.The sense relation between the above sentences is _A. X entails Y B. X presupposes Y C. X is synonymous with Y D. X is inconsistent with Y16. When we violate any of the maxims of Co-operative Principle, our language might become _.A. impolite B. incorrect C. indirect D. unclear17. According to Searls classification of speech acts, which of the following is an instance of directives? _A. I fire you!B. Your money or your life!