经济学基本词汇汇编重点.docx

1、经济学基本词汇汇编重点经济学基本词汇汇编Aaccounting cost 会计成本accounting profit 会计利润adverse selection 逆向选择allocation of resources 资源配置allocative efficiency 配置效率antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法Elasticity 弹性Arrows impossibility theorem 阿罗不可能定理asymetric information 非对称性信息average product of capital 资本平均产量average product of labou

2、r 劳动平均产量variable cost 平均可变成本Bbarriers to entry 进入壁垒bilateral monopoly 双边垄断bliss point 极乐点boundary point 边界点break even point 收支相抵点budget constraint 预算约束budget set 预算集Ccapital stock 资本存量capital output ratio 资本产出比率Chamberlin model 张伯伦模型choice 选择Coase theorem 科斯定理Cobb-Douglas production function 柯布-道格拉斯

3、生产函数cobweb model 蛛网模型collective bargaining 集体协议工资collusion 合谋command economy 指令经济commodity combination 商品组合commodity space 商品空间common property 公用财产compensation principles 补偿原则competitive market 竞争性市场complement goods 互补品complete information 完全信息completeness 完备性condition for efficiency in exchange 交换的

4、最优条件condition for efficiency in production 生产的最优条件constant returns to scale 规模报酬不变constraints 约束consumer preference 消费者偏好consumer surplus 消费者剩余consumption bundle 消费束consumption combination 消费组合consumption possibility curve 消费可能曲线consumption set 消费集consumption space 消费空间continuity 连续性contract curve 契

5、约曲线cost minimization 成本极小化Cournot equilibrium 古诺均衡Cournot model 古诺模型Cross-price elasticity 交*价格弹性Ddead-weights loss 重负损失decreasing cost industry 成本递减产业decreasing returns to scale 规模报酬递减deduction 演绎法demand elasticity 需求弹性derive demand 派生需求differentiated good 差异商品differentiated oligoply 差异寡头diminishin

6、g marginal substitution 边际替代率递减diminishing marginal return 收益递减diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减direct taxes 直接税discounting 贴税、折扣diseconomies of scale 规模不经济vision of labour 劳动分工duoupoly 双头垄断、双寡duality 对偶durable goods 耐用品dynamic analysis 动态分析dynamic models 动态模型EEconomic agents 经济行为者economic cost 经济

7、成本economic efficiency 经济效率economic goods 经济物品economic man 经济人economic mode 经济模型economic profit 经济利润economic region of production 生产的经济区域economic regulation 经济调节economic rent 经济租金exchange 交换exchange efficiency 交换效率exchange contract curve 交换契约曲线economy of scale 规模经济Edgeworth box diagram 埃奇沃思图exclusion

8、 排斥性、排他性Edgeworth contract curve 埃奇沃思契约线Edgeworth model 埃奇沃思模型efficiency 效率,效益efficiency parameter 效率参数elasticity 弹性elasticity of substitution 替代弹性endogenous variable 内生变量endowment 禀赋endowment of resources 资源禀赋Engel curve 恩格尔曲线entrepreneurship 企业家才能entry barriers 进入壁垒entry/exit decision 进出决策envolope

9、 curve 包络线equilibrium 均衡equilibrium condition 均衡条件equilibrium price 均衡价格equilibrium quantity 均衡产量eqity 公平equivalent variation in income 收入等价变量excess-capacity theorem 过度生产能力定理excess supply 过度供给exchange 交换exclusion 排斥性、排他性exclusion principle 排他性原则existence 存在性existence of general equilibrium 总体均衡的存在性e

10、xogenous variables 外生变量expansion paths 扩展径expectation 期望expected utility 期望效用expected value 期望值explicit cost 显性成本external benefit 外部收益external cost 外部成本external economy 外部经济external diseconomy 外部不经济externalities 外部性Ffactor demand 要素需求factor market 要素市场factors of production 生产要素factor substitution 要素

11、替代fallacy of composition 合成谬误final goods 最终产品first-degree price discrimination 第一级价格歧视first-order condition 一阶条件fixed costs 固定成本fixed input 固定投入fixed proportions production function 固定比例的生产函数flow 流量fluctuation 波动for whom to produce 为谁生产free entry 自由进入free goods 自由品,免费品free mobility of resources 资源自由

12、流动free rider 搭便车function 函数future value 未来值Ggame theory 博弈论general equilibrium 总体均衡general goods 一般商品Giffen goods 吉芬商品Giffens Paradox 吉芬之谜Gini coefficient 吉尼系数goldenrule 黄金规则government failure 政府失败government regulation 政府调控Hheterogeneous product 异质产品Hicks-kaldor welfare criterion 希克斯一卡尔多福利标准homogene

13、ity 齐次性homogeneous demand function 齐次需求函数homogeneous product 同质产品homogeneous production function 齐次生产函数how to produce 如何生产human capital 人力资本hypothesis 假说Iimperfect competion 不完全竞争implicitcost 隐性成本income constraint 收入约束income consumption curve 收入消费曲线income distribution 收入分配income effect 收入效应income el

14、asticity of demand 需求收入弹性increasing cost industry 成本递增产业increasing returns to scale 规模报酬递增inefficiency 缺乏效率index number 指数indifference 无差异indifference curve 无差异曲线indifference map 无差异族indifference relation 无差异关系indifference set 无差异集indirect approach 间接法individual analysis 个量分析induced variable 引致变量ine

15、lastic 缺乏弹性的inferior goods 劣品inflection point 拐点information cost 信息成本initial condition 初始条件initial endowment 初始禀赋innovation 创新input-output 投入-产出institution 制度institutional economics 制度经济学intermediate goods 中间产品internatization of externalities 外部性内部化inverse demand function 逆需求函数invisible hand 看不见的手isocost line 等成本线,isoquant curve 等产量曲线Lleader-follower model 领导者-跟随者模型least-cost combination of inpu