高考英语人教版要点梳理+重点突破选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity.docx

1、高考英语人教版要点梳理+重点突破选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity选修8Unit 1A land of diversity要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考重点单词1distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction n差别；区分；卓著2means n手段；方法3majority n大多数；大半minority n少数4despite prep.尽管；不管5elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人election n选举6percentage n百分比；百分率7boom n(人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi.处于经济迅速发展时期8applicant n申

2、请人apply v申请application n申请9customs n海关；关税；进口税10occur vi.发生；出现11indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示indication n迹象indicator n指示器，指示物12luggage n行李13apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparently adv.明显地14slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n滑动；滑倒15hire vt. & n租用，雇用16nowhere adv.无处；到处都无17punishment n处罚；惩罚punish v惩罚；处罚18justice n正义；公平injustice

3、(反义词)重点短语1live on继续存在；继续生存2by means of. 用办法；借助3make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)5back to back 背靠背6team up with 与合作或一起工作7mark out 画线；标出界线8take in 包括；吸收9a great/good many 许多；很多10apply for 申请；请示得到重点句型1However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fiftee

4、n thousand years ago.然而，美洲土著人很可能在15 000年前就在加州生活着。2Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.二百年后，西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国的西北沿海。3That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or se

5、cond language.这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。4Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了，但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯

6、穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。5It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们相信过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体，而仅仅是一个种族和文化的混合体。高考范文(2008江苏)实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅要善于言表，更要学会倾听。

7、请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为 Being a Good Listener的英文演讲稿。注意：1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。 2词数：150左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。3演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。Good afternoon, everyone! The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”_Thank you for your listening!范文Good_afternoon,_everyone!The_topic_of_my_speech_today_is_“Being

8、_a_Good_Listener” Good listening can always show respect, promote understanding, and improve interpersonal relationship. Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen m

9、ore to their students, then they can meet their needs better, and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates, thus they will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to be formed. What I want to stress is that each o

10、f us should listen more to others. Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be openminded to different opinions even though you dont like them. In a word, good listening can really enable us to get closer

11、 to each other. Thank_you_for_your_listening!考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1means n. 方法；手段by all means 务必；一定；当然可以by any means 无论如何by no means 决不(用于句首时引起部分倒装)by this/these means 用这种/这些办法by means of 依靠方法，借助手段即学即练1(1)Taking a plane is _ getting there.去那儿最快的方式是坐飞机。(2)All possible means _ been tried.Every possi

12、ble means _ been tried.所有(每一种)可能的办法都已经试过了。the quickest means ofhavehas(3)This plan must be realized _.这个计划必须完成。(4)Thoughts are expressed _ words.思想靠语言来表达。(5)By no means _ left alone.绝不能把他单独留下。by all meansby means ofshould he be提示：(1)means 表示“方法、方式、手段”，其单复数同形。当 means 做主语且有 every, each 等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有

13、 some, several, many, few, all 等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。(2)by this means 强调的是“有条理的办事方法”；in this way 强调的是“用简便的方法”，in 有时候可以省略；with this method 强调的是“用已形成的系统的、理论的方法”。2majority n. 大多数，大半the majority 大多数(其做主语表整体时，谓语用单数；若表成员情况时，谓语用复数。)the majority ofn. U单数谓语the majority ofn. pl.复数谓语be in the majority 占大多数by/with a ma

14、jority of 以大多数赢得即学即练2(1)_ were present at the meeting.大多数人出席了会议。(2)_ the people seem to prefer watching games to playing games.大部分人似乎喜欢观看比赛胜于参加比赛。The majorityThe majority of(3)He was elected by _ 765.他以765票的多数票当选。a large majority of3occur vi. 发生，出现(occurred; occurring)occurrence n. 发生；出现sth. occurs

15、to sb.sth. strikes sb.sth. comes to sb.It occurs to sb. to do sth.It occurs to sb. thatclauseIt strikes sb. thatclause某人想起/想到即学即练3(1)The same theme _ in many of his works.同一个主题在他的许多作品中都有。(2)The accident _ at five oclock. 事故发生在五点钟。(3)An idea _ me.我想到一个主意。(4)_ _ to ask for help.她没想到请别人帮忙。occursoccurre

16、doccurred toIt didntoccur to her(5)_ she would refuse his invitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。It didnt occur to him that4indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示indication n. 指示；象征；预示indicate sth. to sb. 向某人指出/暗示某物indicate that. 示意；表明indication of doing sth. 的迹象即学即练4(1)Research _ that men are easier to give up smoking than wo

17、men.研究表明，男人比女人更容易戒烟。(2)A high fever usually _ severe illness.高烧通常表明生了重病。indicatesindicates(3)Snow _ the coming of winter.雪象征着冬天的来到。indicates5make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生come to life变得活跃起来bring sb./sth. to life使某物更生动；使某人/某物苏醒lay down ones life for sb. /sth.为牺牲生命，献身lead/live a.life过着的生活make/earn a livi

18、ng谋生即学即练5(1)They emigrated to Australia to _ _.他们移民到澳大利亚，开始全新的生活。(2)Her songs _ our history _ again.她的歌曲又一次重现了我们的历史。make a new life therebringto life(3)Joanne _ as a dancer in a nightclub.乔安妮在夜总会当舞女，以此谋生。(4)The match finally _ in the second half.比赛在下半场终于精彩起来。(5)They were prepared to _ for their coun

19、try.他们准备为国捐躯。earns a livingcame to lifelay down their lives6keep up保持，维持；使不下降；继续keep up with赶上，不落后keep out (of)不准入内keep off离开，避开keep back阻止；扣留keep on继续即学即练6(1)We sang as we marched to _.我们一面行进一面唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。(2)We should _.我们应该沿袭我们的优良传统。keep our spirits upkeep up our good traditions(3)The shortage of s

20、upplies is _.供应不足使价格保持紧挺。(4)I dont think I can _ any longer.我认为这事我再也坚持不下去了。(5)Dave couldnt _ the rest of his class.戴夫跟不上班里的其他同学。keeping the price upkeep this upkeep up with(6)_ the grass！勿踏草坪！(7)She was unable to _ her tears.她无法忍受眼泪。Keep offkeep back7take in 欺骗；留住宿；理解；领悟；吸入；改小(衣服)；包括；包含即学即练7写出下列句中ta

21、ke in的意思。(1)There she was taken in by an aged couple._收留(2)Dont let yourself be taken in by his tricks._(3)The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught._欺骗领悟(4)The dress was too big, so I took it in._(5)The tour takes in six European capitals._改小(衣服)包括拓展：take away 拿走；使离开；消除(病痛

22、等)take down 记下来；拆掉take for (错)当做；(误)以为take off 起飞，匆匆离去；脱下take on 呈现；雇用take over 接收，接管，取代take to 喜欢；养成的习惯take up 占去，占据；开始；从事8a good/great many 许多，很多a good/great manymanya great number ofn. (pl.)a great many of them (us) (代词)the (these, those)n. (pl.)many a单数可数名词单数谓语动词即学即练8(1)Tom found that there were

23、 _ people already there.汤姆发现那儿已经有很多人了。(2)It seems that _ them are out of work now. 似乎他们中的许多人现在失业了。a great/good manya great/good many of(3)Many a student _ this song.很多学生喜欢这首歌。likes.重点句型详解1However, it_is_likely_that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，美洲土

24、著人有可能在至少15 000年前就在加州生活着。本句式中 it为形式主语，真正的主语为 that从句。It is likely that. 是可能的。此句型可转化为：Sb./Sth. be likely to do. 某人/物可能干某事。Shes very likely to ring me tonight.Its likely that she will ring me tonight.她今晚很可能给我打电话。Its likely that it will snow tonight.It is likely to snow tonight.今天晚上可能下雪。即境活用1Ronaldo was

25、_ to win the 100meter hurdle race, but he fell to the ground and missed the chance.Apossible BprobableClikely Dmaybe答案：C解析：当 possible或 probable 做表语时，主语只能是事物或代词 it；而 likely 做表语时，主语可以是人，也可以是物。maybe 是副词，只能做状语，不能做表语。2It_is_believed_that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there wi

26、ll be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体，而仅仅是一个种族和文化的混合体。本句用的句型是 It is believed thatclause。it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 thatclause。类似的结构还有：It be said/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reportedthatclause.此句型可转化成：(1)People s

27、ay/know/agree/think/suppose/reportthatclause.(2)Sb./Sth. be said/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reportedto do.It is believed that Mr Smith is innocent.Mr Smith is believed to be innocent.人们认为史密斯先生是无辜的。It is believed that Professor Johnson has finished his second novel.Professor Johnson is believed to have finished his second novel.人们相信约翰逊教授已完成了他的第二部小说。即境活用2The lake by the village is believed _ a number of victims in the past 3 years.Ato claim Bto have claimedCclaiming Dbeing claiming答案：B解析：句意为“人们相信村子旁边的湖泊在过去的三年里已要了许多人的命”。在这种形式中，believe 后面不能跟 ving形式；由 in the past 3 years