十年高考英语分类汇编情态动词与虚拟语气.docx

1、十年高考英语分类汇编情态动词与虚拟语气十年高考【2002-2011】英语分类汇编-情态动词与虚拟语气u 情态动词在高考中的考查重点：1.考查情态动词的基本用法shall用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等；may表示“允许、可以”，语气比较委婉。must用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏偏，偏要”，mustnt表示禁止，是说话人强有力的劝告。cannot 表示“不可能”；need not 表示“不必要”；may not 表示“可能不，可以不”。neednt表示“没有必要”would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向表示

2、经过努力而成功的某一次动作，只能用was/were able to,而不能用could；could还可以表示过去的某种能力考查情态动词用作答语的情况2.考查情态动词+动词不定式一般式表推测的用法肯定的推测一般用must,should,may(might)或could(不用can)，其中，must的语气最强，译为“肯定”、should的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”；按常理推测的may(might),could语气最弱，译为“也许”。否定的推测：语气不很肯定时，常用may not,might not或could not，译为“可能不”“也许不”；否定语气较强时，则用cant，译为“根本不可能

3、”、“想必不会”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩疑问句中推测往往用can或could3.考查情态动词+动词不定式的完成式表推测的用法4.考查情态动词+动词不定式完成式的其他用法should(ought to)+不定式的完成式：本来应该做而实际上又没有做。其否定形式表示某中行为不该发生却发生了。neednt+不定式的完成式：本来不必要做的而实际上又做了could+不定式的完成式：本可以做而实际上未能做,含有遗憾的意味u 虚拟语气在高考中的考查重点：1.虚拟条件句的基本结构及其用法 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句2.虚拟语气的活用 时间错综虚拟结构 省

4、略if的虚拟结构 并列连词或副词暗示的虚拟结构 介词或介词短语暗示的虚拟结构 as if / as though方式状语从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气 分词短语暗示的虚拟结构上下文语境中的虚拟结构 【2011全国卷,32】They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.will B.can C.must D.should【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。”will have done将来可以完成；can have done可能做过吗？表示对过去行为的怀

5、疑，用于疑问句；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做。but their flight was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。【2011全国卷II,8】If you smoke, please go outside. A. can B. should C. must D. may【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。【2011

6、北京卷,24】I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。【2011北

7、京卷,28】Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they always late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been【答案】A【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。【2011北京卷,30】Maybe if I science, and not literatur

8、e then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying【答案】C【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。选C。【2011天津卷,15】I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. wo

9、uld come D. would have come【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didnt know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。【2011上海春招,27】Some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A. mustnt B. wont C. mightnt D. shoul

10、dnt【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustnt禁止，不允许；wont不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主观性；mightnt可能不；shouldnt不应该。根据句意选B。【2011江苏卷,34】I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will have stolen B. might have

11、 stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成，must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，都与题意不符。should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做，这就意味着希望有人偷包。might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定，根据句意选B。【2011福建卷,25】Shall

12、 I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .A.will B.must C.may D.can【答案】B【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得。根据后半句，选B。【2011福建卷,34】Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I it, but I w

13、as busy preparing for a job interview.A.attended B.had attended C.would sttend D.would have attended【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。【2011安徽卷, 26】What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally,

14、I think it will exist along with home shopping but _.A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“你对将来的商店购物怎么看？我个人认为会与在家购物并存，但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with home shopping，排除虚拟的选项D，这是表示将来的时间，考虑到被动语态，选C。【2011

15、浙江卷,11】Hows your new babysitter?We _ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. should B. might C. mustnt D. couldnt【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“你的新保姆怎么样？找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该；might可能，可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。【2011四川卷,20】The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre d

16、oing all they .A.can B.may C.must D.should【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can可以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A。【2011重庆卷,25】Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? I wanted to ,but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. sho

17、uld【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？我想来的，但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。【2011陕西卷,22】I_through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone【答案】A【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。

18、【解析】句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选A。【2011陕西卷,24】Will you read me a story ,Mummy? OK. You_have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“妈妈，可以读一个故事给我听吗？好的，如

19、果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，题中是母亲对儿子的承诺，故选D。【2011湖南卷,28】No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A. can B. need C. must D. might【答案】A【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以，能够；need需要；must必须；might可能。故根据题意，选A。【2011辽宁卷,21】If you go, at least wait until th

20、e storm is over.A. can B. may C. must D. will【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。【解析】句意为“如果你非得走话，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”can可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。【2011江西卷23】It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.A. mustnt B.cant C.wont D.neednt【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。”mustnt

21、 禁止，不允许；cant 不可能；wont 不愿意，就是不，偏不；neednt 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。【2011江西卷28】We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put【答案】B【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。【解析】句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把John的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。”but for

22、 是虚拟语气的提示，yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选B。10安徽Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strong willed manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been答案D考点本题考查情态动词推测用法。解析句意为 “杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人, 他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用must hav

23、e been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。10安徽Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy答案A考点本题考查虚拟语气与时态。解析前句表示对过去的虚拟, 而but之后表示过去的客观事实, 故用一般过去时态。10湖南You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to答案D考点本题考查情态动词。解析dont have to

24、意为 “没有必要”, 符合语境, 句意为：“你没有必要买礼物, 但如果你想买的话, 你也可以买。”10湖南If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow答案C考点考查虚拟语气。解析根据 “wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟, 故选C项。10江西I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D

25、Will答案A考点考查情态动词的用法。解析must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？10山东I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt答案A考点本题考查情态动词的用法。解析句意应为 “我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。”表示 “本来不应该做而做了某事”用shou

26、ldnt have done, 所以A项正确。10天津Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt答案A考点考查情态动词。解析句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后, 他早半个小时到达了。根据后面的语境, 提前半个小时到达, 说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙, 所以用neednt have done 结构, 表示 “本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。10天津John went to the hospi

27、tal alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 答案D考点考查虚拟语气。解析句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话, 我会跟他一起去的。前一句是陈述语气, 说明动发生在过去, 而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构, 应该用had +过去分词。10四川 I take the book out? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mIm afraid not.A. Will B

28、. May C. Must D. Need答案B考点考查情态动词。解析表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.句意为： “我可以将这本书带出去吗？” “恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。10全国Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon .A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether答案A考点考查情态动词。解析句意：耐心一点儿, 你不能期望世界变化如此快。通过选项此题考查情态动词, cant在否定句中可以表示推测,

29、 译为不可能,可以表示能力, 译为不能够, 也可以表示命令, 不允许, 但是语气比mustnt弱, 具有劝慰的意思, 根据句意此题中选择A, cant表示劝慰。10江苏I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_答案B考点考查情态动词。解析shall在第二人称中表示允诺, 还可以表示强制, 命令, 威胁, 警告。还有在法律条文中的要求

30、或规定。10江苏George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused答案B考点本题考查虚拟语气。解析would rather后应用虚拟语气, 表示与现在时间相反, 用动词的过去式10陕西May I take this book out of the reading room? No, you . You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt答案D考点考查情态动词。解析英语中用could, might表示询问或征求意见的问句中, 肯定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might, 而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt, 故本题选D。10陕西If we _