语法顺口溜.docx

1、语法顺口溜【英语语法】语法学习顺口溜一、be 的用法口诀我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它；单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。二、时间名词前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。at也用在明分前，说“差”可要用上to，说“过”只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记，莫让岁月空蹉跎。三、记住f(e)结尾的名词复数妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。四、

2、巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后。双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。五、其他非谓语动词的一些特殊用法后只接不定式作宾语的一些常用特殊谓语动词动词后，不定式，want, hope和wish，agree, decide, mean, manage, promise,expect, pretend,且说两位算在此，要记牢，要记住，掌握它们靠自己。后接动词不定式做宾语补足语省略不定式符号“to”的一些常用特殊动词一些动词要掌握，have, let和make,此三动词是使役，“注意”“观察”“听到”s

3、ee，还有feel和watch，使用它们要仔细，后接“宾补”略去“to”，此点千万要牢记除此之外，还可以掌握“八字言”，一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词特殊动词接“动名”，使用它们要记清，“放弃”“享受”可“后悔”，“坚持”“练习”必“完成”，“延期”“避免”非“介意”掌握它们今必行。六、动名词在句中的功能及其它“动名”语法其功能，名词特征有动、形，主宾表定都可作，“动名”、“现分”要认清，“现分”不作“宾”和“主”，动名作“状”可不行。二词皆

4、可作定语，混为一谈不允许，主谓关系视分词，“动名”一词无此义。现在分词形式及在句子中的作用（包括过去分词的作用）：现在分词真好记，动词后面ING。它的作用真不小，可以充当定状表。还有宾语补足语，忘记此项不可以。七、分词做定语的位置及其它“定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。分词短语在词后，“定从”和它互对照。“现分”动作进行时，“过分”动作完成了。（注：“定分”：做定语的分词；“定从”：定语从句；“现分”：现在分词；“过分”：过去分词。）八、分词做状语在句子中所表示的意义分词做状语，概有七意义。“时间”和“原因”，“结果”与“目的”。“方式”加“伴随”，“条件”常

5、出席。且谈其主语，谓语头前的*。欲要记住它，必须常练习。（*指句子的主语）九、独立主格结构独立结构要认清：名、代之后副或形。或是分词或“介短”，with结构不可轻，名代二词是其“主”，句子结构必分明。独立结构好掌握 句中作用只一个：千变万化皆做“状”，其中意义也不多。“时间”“条件”和“原因”，“方式”“伴随”没别的。“状从”和其前三个，可以互变不难学。一般疑问句的解题技巧首先我们要弄懂什么是一般疑问句式。当我们想说“你是吗?”,“你做了吗?”的时候,就要用一般疑问句式。为了便于同学们学习,我分类讲解一下一般现在时的一般疑问句式。一、含有be动词的一般疑问句,通常把be动词调到句首。例如: 陈

6、述句:Theyareintheswimmingpool. 一般疑问句:Aretheyintheswimmingpool? 注意:一般疑问句句末要用“?”。 二、含有情态动词的一般疑问句(can,may.),把情态动词调到句首。例如: 陈述句:Hecandriveacar. 一般疑问句:Canhedriveacar? 三、含有have的一般疑问句,have译为“有”。一般疑问句式有两种形式: 1.把have/has调到句首。例如: 陈述句:Tommyhasacomputer. 一般疑问句:HasTommy/heacomputer? 2.加助动词do/does,第三人称单数用does,其他人称用d

7、o。其句型为:Do/Does+主语+have.?例如上句可变为: DoesTommyhaveacomputer? 四、一般动词的一般疑问句,也要借助助动词do/does,第三人称单数用does,其余人称用do。其句型为:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其它? 陈述句:AmyspeaksEnglish. 一般疑问句:DoesAmyspeakEnglish? 好了,知道了如何问话之后,我们来了解一下如何回答一般疑问句。首先要有人称的改变。当主语为名词时,在答语中要改成其相应的代词。另外,答语有两种,肯定的回答(用yes)和否定的回答(用no),否定式常用缩写形式。现在还是让我们分句型一一说明。 一

8、、一般疑问句含be动词时,用be动词回答,句末用句号。例如: -IsMaryyoursister? -Yes,sheis./No,sheisnt.(缩写) 二、一般疑问句含有情态动词(can,may,should等)时,用情态动词回答。例如: -MayIcomein? -Yes,youmay./No,youcant. 三、一般疑问句含有have(译为“有”)时,有两种回答方式。 1.直接用have/has回答。例如: -Havetheyanypictures? -Yes,theyhave./No,theyhavent. 2.用助动词do/does回答。例如: -DoesMilliesmoke?

9、 -Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt. 四、一般动词的一般疑问句回答时也用助动词。例如: -DotheworkersliveinLondon? -Yes,theydo./No,theydont.中考英语如何写出中考英语高分作文英语写作是学生学习的一个盲点，缺乏对写作的专门训练和反思，老师的工作量大，造成作文讲评大多数时候只谈现象，因此学生学得也不具体、不深入，忽略写作技能的提高，甚至误认为只要句子结构正确，无单词拼写错误就应该得满分。同学们应该走出对英语写作认识上的误区。那么怎样才能写出一篇优秀作文，而在中考中获取高分呢？ 一、写作决窍总体把握，要点齐全；人称时态，逻辑清楚；

10、关键词汇，动词第一；组词成句，结构完整；组句成文，连词增色；此路不通，绕道迂回；字迹工整，留好印象；从句适量，高分有望。二、写作步骤 1.认真审题。审题包括要点、格式、词数以及此篇文章要传递给读者什么样的信息，告诫读者什么(即写作目的)。2.确定文体和时态。确定文体后，根据不同文体的特点和要求进行组织材料；同时确定出该篇文章的总时态与时态的变化。3.写完要点，但不随意发挥。4.先草稿，后抄写。三、习作点评 2004年全国中学生英语能力竞赛初赛初三组 (14分)Choose one of your hobbies and write an article for the school magaz

11、ine about it. Tell the magazine readers.What exactly your hobby is;When and how you became interested in this hobby;Why you enjoy your hobby;About your hopes and plans for the future.写作要求：1.根据所提供的内容，适当拓展想象空间，灵活地将提供的信息体现在文章中。2.条理清楚，语句通顺，书写清晰、规范。3.词数60-80.学生习作AMy hobby is read books.When I was seven y

12、ears old.I became interested in reading books.I like needing books because there are a lot of useful things in books.I can learn a lot of knowledge from books. Books also can teach me how to be a good person.Books even can solve many problems for me.I will read more good books to improve myself.改为re

13、ading books，动词作表语时应该用动名词。also的位置应放在can之后。点评：档次9-11分。要点不全，漏掉最后一个要点。句子基本无误，能正确传递信息给读者但文章不流畅，句子与句子之间过渡不自然，给读者感觉在回答上述问题。有少量错误。学生习作BMy hobby is reading.Reading books is very enjoyable.When I was young ,my mother used to tell me a story before.I went to bed every night.The stories were so interesting that

14、 I always felt they werent enough.So I began to read books by myself.Little by little I became interested in reading.I can learn much knowledge and many interesting things all over the world.When I read books,I can enjoy the beautiful sentences.At the same time I can improve my writing.I want to be

15、a writer in the future,so I must study hard and read more books so that my dream can come true.开门见山、点题。真情流露，理由充分。文中带圈的连词使用得恰当，使文章过渡自然、巧妙使用句型以表决心。点评：档次13-14分。清楚表达写作目的，要点齐全。语言表达灵活多样，字里行间流露出真情实感，文章有感染力。恰当使用连词和从句，语言流畅，且无错误，是一篇高质量的作文。高分突破文体：记叙文。要点：what when how why hope and plan for the future.时态：一般现在时，一

16、般过去时，一般将来时的自然变化。内容具有开放性，但它也是“控制性”的写作试题，因此不能随意发挥，要善于抓信息，写完要点。选用这两篇学生真实习作，一是因为他们选材相同，二是因为他们都是英语成绩优秀的同学。同学B灵活使用连词sothat,so,little by little,when,so that等，恰到好处地使用新句型和短语used to,became interested in,come true等，使内容丰富，读起来优美流畅。其实这些表达同学A也会，只是缺乏技术加工。通过这两篇作文点评，同学们便能悟出其中的奥妙。四、培养途径1.根据老师布置的写作内容，独立完成一篇写作。2.与同伴合作，交

17、流自己的写作，通过交流找出各自作文中写得好的地方和优美的句子，合作创造一篇新的文章，供大家欣赏。3.找老师点评，请求老师指点，尤其是怎样润色。4.自己纠错，写下反思。五、备考演练A缙云山是重庆著名的游览胜地，每天有大量的游客。请你根据下面提供的信息写一篇报道，说明现在的游客在环境保护方面的变化。写作要求：1.词数在100左右。2.条理清楚，语句通顺。3.开头已写好，但不计入总词数。Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest B阅读电视广告词：“If we dont save water,the last drop of water will be

18、 a tear-drop.”根据提示，写一篇60-80词的短文。提示：1.生活离不开水。2.可饮用水在减少。3.水污染严重。4.应保护水源，再利用水。思路点拨与参考答案A. 思路点拨：文体：记叙文。时态：一般过去时态，一般现在时态。采用正反对比的写作手法，增加感染力。写作目的：告诉读者保护环境的重要性。Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest.Every day a lot of tourists come here to enjoy its beauty. But a few years ago,some of them paid no at

19、tention to protecting the environment.They threw their rubbish,such as plastic bags,fruit skins and waste paper on the ground.Sometimes they broke trees,picked flowers and killed birds. Some even made fires in the woods to cook food.How dangerous it was.Luckily,great changes have taken place here.To

20、urists are used to putting their rubbish into dustbins,and they are doing their best to protect the birds and plants as well.They bring their own meals instead of cooking to prevent starting a forest fire in the mountains.All these changes make us very happy.B. 思路点拨：夹叙夹议(说明现状，谈谈感想)。时态：一般现在时态。广告词的含义水

21、很重要，应保护和再利用(写作意图)。Water is very important to humans.We cant live without water.The water we can drink is falling.But some people dont seem to care about it.They waste a lot of water.They pour dirty water into rivers and lakes.Water pollution is getting more and more serious.So we must do something t

22、o stop the pollution.We not only protect the water but also find ways to reuse it.If we dont do this,the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.最近你们学校要举行一次中学生该不该上网的讨论。你是赞成者之一，认为我们不应该因噎废食。请根据下表内容写一篇发言篇。要求：字数100词左右注意：不要逐句翻译。益处1.看国内外新闻，获取信息。2.发e-mail，打电话。3.上网络学校，阅读各种书籍，自学外语。4.欣赏音乐，观看体育比赛，玩棋牌等游戏，网上购物，丰富

23、我们的生活。5.提高我们操作电脑的能力注意事项1不要沉湎于（be given to）上网以免影响生活和学习。2不要上不健康的网站。参考范文：In my opinion，the Internet is helpful rather than harmful as someone else thinks. As is known to all，the Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. On the Internet，we can read news at home and from abroa

24、d and get as much information as we can. We can send e - mails or make phone calls to our family as well as to our friends. We can also attend the net school，read many books and even teach ourselves English. We can also enjoy music，watch matches and play computer games on the Internet. We can even d

25、o shopping on line. Besides，we can improve our ability to operate the computer.But we should not be given to the Internet，or well get our life and study destroyed. Besides，we should keep off the harmful websites. Anyhow，this doesnt prevent the Internet becoming our friend. We cant throw away the app

26、le because of the core，can we？初中英语范文：孩子的独立教育围绕：学校让学生打扫厕所和学校不让学生打扫厕所两种情况。写一不少于80个词的主题为孩子的独立教育英语作文。给出词：only child，moral educationNowadays in china，many students are the only child in their family.They are the apple of their parentseyes or even their granparents，so they are free of any house work or me

27、nial labor.and moral education is no more than some bookish thing.Studentsare largely dependent on their parents and teachers.To educate them to be independent，the most effective way is to let them experience on their own.Therefore，they are better to be given the opportunity to get some train at sch

28、ool-to clean the washing room，which can be regarded as part of the moral education.三 单项选择：(25)1Listen! The students_ in the classroom.A. are singing B. sing C. singing D. is singing2.The students are _ books in the classroom.A. watching B. looking at C. reading D. seeing3. Lets go and _A. playing so

29、ccer B. play the soccer C. to play soccer D. play soccer4.- _ is she waiting for? - The busA.Who B. Where C. What D. How5. - How is it going? -_.A.Its sunny B. Its hot C. Its right D. Its pretty good6.- Thanks for _ me with my English -Youre welcome.A.Help B. helping C. helps D. helped7.- Where are his family? -They are all _ vacation now.A.at B. of C. on D. for8. -Do you like cold, rainy weather? - _. I like hot, humid weather, too.A.No, I dont B. Yes, I like C. Yes, I do D. No, I like it9.-Your coat is very nice. - _