1、英语专升本易混词汇辨析总结1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes 统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数;cloth 指布,为不可数名词;clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of2. incident, accidentincident 指小事件;accident 指不幸的事故,例:He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount 后接不可数名词;number 后接可数名词,例:a number of students4. family, house, home
2、home 家,包括住处和家人;house 房子,住宅;family 家庭成员,例:My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound 自然界各种各样的声音;voice 人的嗓音;noise 噪音,例:I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto 用照相机拍摄的照片;picture 可指相片,图片,电影片, 例:Lets go and see a good picture.drawing 画的画。7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary 词汇,一个
3、人拥有的单词量,例:He has a large vocabulary.word 具体的单词。8. population, peoplepopulation 人口,人数,例:China has a large population.people 具体的人。9. weather, climateweather 一天具体的天气状况;climate 长期的气候状况,例:The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad 具体的公路,马路,例:take this roadstreet 街道,例:in the stre
4、etpath 小路,小径;way 道路,途径,例:Show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 课程(可包括多门科目),例:a summer coursesubject 科目(具体的学科)12. custom, habitcustom 传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接to do;habit 生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接of doing. 例:Ive got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth
5、;reason 用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. 例:the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise 运动,锻炼(不可数);exercises 练习(可数);practice(反复做的)练习,例:Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作“课”解时,两者可以替换。指课文用lesson,例:Lesson 6,第6课;指班级或全体学生用class,例:Class 5,5班。16. speech, talk, lecturespeech
6、 指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说;talk 日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话;lecture 学术性的演讲,讲课,例:a series of lecture on17. officer, officialofficer 部队的军官,例:an army officerofficial 政府官员。18. work, job二者均指工作。work 不可数;job 可数,例:a good job19. couple, paircouple 主要指人或动物;pair 多指由两部分组成的东西,例:a pair of trousers20. country, nation, state, landco
7、untry 侧重指版图,疆域;nation 指人民,国民,民族;state 侧重指政府,政体;land 国土,国家,例:The whole nation was sad at the news.21. cook, cookercook 厨师,例:He is a good cook.cooker 厨具。22. damage, damagesdamage 不可数名词,损害,损失;damages 复数形式,赔偿金,例:$900 damages23. police, policemanpolice 警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,例:The police are questioning everyone
8、 in the house.policeman 指某个具体的警察。24. problem, questionproblem 常和困难连系,前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise;question 常和疑问连系,多和ask, answer连用。25. man, a manman 人类;a man 一个男人,例:Man will conquer nature.26. chick, chicken二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉;例:The chicken is delicious.27. telegram, telegraph当电报解时,telegram指具体的
9、;例:a telegramtelegraph指抽象的;例:by telegraph28. trip, journey, travel, voyagetravel 是最常用的;trip 指短期的旅途;例:a three-day tripjourney 指稍长的旅途;voyage 指海上航行。29. sport, gamesport 多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等;例:His favorite sport is swimming.game 指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则。30. price, prizeprice 价格;例:The price is high/low.pri
10、ze 奖,奖品,奖金;例:win the first prize31. a number of, the number ofa number of 许多,谓语动词用复数;the number of 的数目,谓语动词用单数。例:The number of students is increasing.32. in front of, in the front ofin front of 围外的前面;in the front of 围的前面 例:In the front of the room sits a boy.33. of the day, of a dayof the day 每一天的,当
11、时的,当代的,例:a famous scientist of the day;of a day 暂时的,不长久的。34. three of us, the three of usthree of us 我们(不止三个)中的三个;the three of us 我们三个(就三个人)例:The three of us - Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.35. by bus, on the busby bus 表手段,方式,不用冠词,例:They went there by bus.on the bus 表围。36. for a moment, for the
12、 momentfor a moment 片刻,一会儿,例:Thinking for a moment, he agreed.for the moment 暂时,一时。37. next year, the next yearnext year 将来时间状语;the next year 过去将来时间状语,例:He said he would go abroad the next year.38. more than a year, more than one yearmore than a year 一年多;more than one year 超过一年(两年或三年等)。39. take advi
13、ce, take the(ones) advicetake advice 征求意见;take the advice 接受忠告 例:He refused to take the advice and failed again.40. take air, take the airtake air 传播,走漏;take the air 到户外去,散步 例:We take the air every day.41. in a word, in wordsin a word 总之,一句话,例:In a word, you are right.in words 口头上。42. in place of, i
14、n the place ofin place of 代替;in the place of 在地方,例:A new building is built in the place of the old one.43. in secret, in the secretin secret 秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作状语;in the secret 知道情,知道秘密,一般用作表语,例:My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44. a girl, one girla girl 可泛指所有女孩;one girl 一个女孩,例:Can one gi
15、rl carry such a big box?45. take a chair, take the chairtake a chair 相当于sit down坐下;take the chair 开始开会。46. go to sea, by seago to sea 当海员,出航;by sea 乘船,由海路;by the sea 在海边。47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacherthe doctor and teacher 指一个人,既是医生又是老师;the doctor and the teacher 两个人,一个医生和一个老
16、师。48. in office, in the officein office 在职的,例:He is in office, not out of office.in the office 在办公室里。49. in bed, on the bedin bed 卧在床上,例:He is ill in bed.on the bed 在床上,例:The book is on the bed.50. in charge of, in the charge ofin charge of 管理,负责照料,例:He is in charge of the matter.in the charge of 由照
17、料,例:The matter is in the charge of her.51. in class, in the classin class 在课上;in the class 在班级里,例:He is the best student in the class.52. on fire, on the fireon fire 着火,例:The house is on fire.on the fire 在火上,例:Put the food on the fire.53. out of question, out of the questionout of question 毫无疑问的;out
18、 of the question 不可能的。54. a second, the seconda second 又一,再一;the second 第,例:He won the second prize.55. by day, by the dayby day 白天;by the day 按天计算,例:The workers are paid by the day.56. the people, a peoplethe people 指人;a people 指民族,例:The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57. it, oneit 同一物体;one 同类不同一
19、,例:I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.58. that, thisthat 指代上文所提到的;例:I was ill. Thats whythis 导出下文所要说的。59. none, nothing, no onenone 强调有多少;nothing, no one 强调有没有;nothing 指物,no one 指人。60. anyone, any oneanyone 指人,不能接of;any one 指人物均可,可接of 例:any one of you61. who, whatwho 指或关系;what 指职业或地位,例:What is y
20、our dad? He is a teacher.62. what, whichwhat 的选择基础是无限制的;which 在一定围进行选择,例:Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?63. other, anotherother 后接名词复数,例:other studentsanother 后接名词单数,例:another student64. not a little, not a bitnot a little 非常;not a bit 一点也不,例:Im not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。65. many, much, a lot
21、 ofmany 和可数名词连用,例:I havent many books.much 和不可数名词连用;a lot of 可数,不可数均可,但不用于否定句。66. much morethan, many morethanmuch morethan 后接形容词或不可数名词,例:much more water, much more beautifulmany morethan 后接可数名词,例:many more people67. no, notno=not a/any例:no friend=not a/any friend; no water=not any water68. no more
22、than, not more thanno more than 相当于only,仅仅,只有;not more than 至多,不超过。69. majority, mostmajority 只能修饰可数名词,例:the majority of peoplemost 可数不可数均可。70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneselfby oneself 单独的,独自的;for oneself 为自己;to oneself 供自己用的;of oneself 自行的,自动的,例:The door opened of itself.71. at all
23、, after allat all 根本,全然;after all 到底,毕竟,例:After all he is a child.72. tall, hightall 常指人或动物,例:He is tall.high 常指物体。73. fast, quicklyfast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,例:run fastquickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快,例:answer the question quickly74. high, highlyhigh 具体的高;highly 抽象的高,高度的,例:think highly of75. healthy, healthfulhea
24、lthy 健康的,健壮的;healthful 有益于健康的,例:healthful exercise76. sleeping, asleep,sleepysleeping 正在睡觉,例:a sleeping babyasleep 睡着,熟睡,只能做表语,例:The baby is asleep.sleepy 困的,有睡意的,例:Im sleepy.77. gold, goldengold 指真金制品,例:a gold ringgolden 指金色的,但金鱼用gold fish78. most, mostlymost 用于表感受的肯定句中,相当于very,当大部分,大多数解时是形容词或名词,例:
25、most peoplemostly 大部分,是副词,例:the people are mostly79. just, veryjust 表强调时是副词,作状语,例:just the manvery 表强调时是形容词,用作定语,例:the very man80. wide, broadwide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离;broad 侧重于幅面的宽广,例:broad shoulders81. real, truereal 真的,真实的,指的是事实上存在而不是想象的,例:real goldtrue 真的,真正的,指的是事实和实际情况相符合,例:a true story82. respectful,
26、respectablerespectful 尊敬,有礼貌,例:be respectful to the agedrespectable 可敬的,值得尊敬的。83. outwards, outward二者均可用作副词,表示向外,外面;outward 还可用作形容词,例:an outward voyage84. pleasant, pleased, pleasingpleasant 常用作定语;pleased, pleasing 常用作表语;pleased 主语常为人,pleasing 主语常为物,例:a pleasant trip; The trip is pleasing.85. unders
27、tanding, understandableunderstanding 明白事理的,能体谅的,例:an understanding girlunderstandable 可理解的,能够懂的,例:an understandable mistake86. close, closelyclose 接近,靠近,例:stand closeclosely 紧紧地,紧密地,例:closely connected87. ill, sickill 做表语;sick 定语、表语均可,例:a sick boy88. good, wellgood 形容词;well 副词,但指身体状况是形容词,例:He is wel
28、l again.89. quiet, silent, stillquiet 安静的,可以发出小的声音;silent 不发出声音,但可以动;still 完全不动,完全无声响,例:He stand there still. 他站在那儿,一动不动,也不说话。90. hard, hardlyhard 努力,例:work hardhardly 几乎不,例:I can hardly believe it.91. able, capable able 与不定式to do连用;capable 与of连用,例:He is capable of doing92. almost, nearly二者均为“几乎,差不多
29、”,和否定词连用用almost,例:almost nobody。93. late, latelylate 迟,晚;lately 最近,近来 例:I havent seen him lately.94. living, alive, live, livelyliving, alive, live 均为活着的;living 定表均可,alive 定表均可,定语后置;live 只能做定语,lively 意为活泼的,例:all the living people=all the people alive95. excited, excitingexcited 使人兴奋的,例:Im excited.exciting 令人兴奋的,例:The news is exci
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