届高考英语冲刺之三七选五备考策略与模拟演练解析版.docx

1、届高考英语冲刺之三七选五备考策略与模拟演练解析版高考英语冲刺之“七选五”备考策略与2018模拟演练 解题步骤解题策略一、段首题1空格为主旨句在某段第一句设空的内容通常是该段落主旨句。学生需要通过认真研读该段的内容，然后从选项中查找下文的同义词或其他相关词或句，从而确定答案：有时则需反复读设空处后面一两句或更多内容， 确定关键信息词，然后在各个选项中查找关联词和信息句。一般正确答案选项与所设空后的第一句在意义上是紧密衔接的，因此正确选项和原文的内容是连贯且符合逻辑的。示例(2017全国卷)_17_In order to make a change, you need to decide why

2、its important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise，or just be better prepared for your day？Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.BFind the right motivation.解析本题空格在段首，需要填一个主旨句或一个承上启下句。由

3、本段中的“为了作出改变，你需要决定为什么它很重要”及“一旦你清楚了自己的理由”等描述可知，你要想清楚为什么要早起，故选B项“找到合适的动机”。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。故选B项。2空格为承上启下句在某段第一句设空的内容也有可能为承上启下的句子，这就需要学生做到瞻前顾后，既熟悉上一段结尾的内容，又结合下一段的内容，分析所选的答案是否能够将两段内容连贯起来。示例(2016北京卷)No matter where you are on the riskseeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases

4、 during your teenage years. 74(E._This_is_when_you_start_to_move_away_from_your_family_and_into_the_bigger_world.) To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well._75_ For th

5、e riskseekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.GNew brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 解析本题空格在段首，需要填一个主旨句或一个承上启下句。上文主要讲述了科学家的观点对冒险活动的热爱在青少年时期有所增长。大脑

6、增加了对新经历的渴望，而新的经历也意味着许多冒险。75题承接上文，引入下文的讲述，即“新的大脑研究表明当我们面对紧张的情况时，我们大脑工作方式是不同的。”接着阐述是如何的不同。故选G项。二、段尾题1空格为总结、概括句做题时一要注意空格前的一句或两句；二是注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的信号词，如to conclude，in a word，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，therefore，as a result等词语；三是要注意与前文的逻辑关系，找到关键的线索词句，如表示转折、对比、并列或排比的关系。如果第一段的段尾是空格，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通

7、常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。示例(2017洛阳高三二模)There is no doubt that analyzing the exact data is important to assessment of an actual event. But data should be dealt with wisely. We often get wrong data which mislead us. Remember，data have no feeling but we humans have. Data do

8、nt mean much to people if we do not have the abilities to analyze the data with the knowledge and confidence to judge whether they are true or false._A. Thus we should try our best to be wise thinkers.解析本题设空在段尾，空格前的一句论述内容是“如果我们没有能力运用所学知识和自信去分析数据正确与否，那么数据对我们来说就毫无意义”。所得出的结论就是“因此我们要尽最大努力成为一名睿智的思考者”，结合线

9、索词Thus可知A选项是正确答案。故选A项。2空格为承上启下句还有一种可能，即这一空是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与选项紧密连接起来。示例(2017全国卷)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insec

10、t bites, illcooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. _36_The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37(C.The_trip_they_took_me_on_was_a_rough_one.) We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance

11、to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.DI was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.解析本题设空处为第一段段尾。空格前一句说“他们与我没有共同之处”，空格后一段讲述了作者的一次野营，

12、前后之间存在转折关系，所以此处需要填一个承上启下的转折句，这与D项中的however相呼应。本设空类型为过渡句类。故选D项。三、段中题段中设空即主题句的展开句。尤其注意分析空前后的逻辑关系和行文逻辑及内容的连贯性，注意句间的衔接手段。其特点主要以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文具体的事实、事例和说明。因此第一步需要依据信息词将选项进行排除之后，把剩下的几个可能正确的选项依次代入设空处，最终判断和确定一个选项和空白处前后内容能达到语意连贯，逻辑关系清晰，于是得出了正确答案。下面列举常考的依据逻辑关系设置的考题。1根据并列或递进关系解题并列或递进关系主要指英语行文中

13、后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有first(第一)，second(第二)，third(第三)；firstly(第一，首先)，secondly(第二，其次)，thirdly(第三)；first(首先) ，next(其次)，then(那么，然后)；in the first place(第一，首先)，for another(其次)；to begin with(首先，第一)，to conclude(最后)等连接词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列的句子。如果空格前后两句之间有also(也，而且)，further(进一步地，而且)，furthermor

14、e(而且，此外)，likewise(同样地，也)，similarly(相同地，类似地)，moreover(而且，此外)，in addition(另外)，whats more(更重要的是)，not only.but also(不但而且)等连接词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的递进关系，空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。示例(2016全国卷)Recall(回忆) your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads v

15、egetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. _39_how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 40(G._For_each_of_those_gardens,_write_down_the_strongest_memory_yo

16、u_have.) Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grownup garden. Have fun.CIts our experience of the garden that matters解析空格前说“但那一点不重要”，由此可推测空格处会指出什么才是重要的，前后为顺承逻辑关系，C项“我们做园艺工作的体验才是重要的”符合题意。故选C项。2根据转折或让步关系解题转折或让步关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有however(然而

17、)，nevertheless(然而，不过)，still(还，仍然)，though(可是，不过，然而)，yet(然而)，on the contrary(正相反)，in contrast(与此相反，相比之下)，in comparison(比较起来，与比较)，by comparison(相比之下)等连接词，则表明前后两句话是逻辑上的逆转，空格处很有可能表示转折或让步关系。示例(2017全国卷)I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another funfilled holiday in the wilderness. _38_ Instead, we h

18、ad a popup camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My natureloving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. AThis time there was no tent.解析根据后文转折副词instead后的描述“我们这次有野营车，里面有舒服的床和空调”可知，这次的野营没有帐篷，故选A项。3根据因果关系解题如果前后的句子之间出现as a result(结果)，thus/therefore(因此)，so/such.that(如此

19、以至于)等标志性词语，表明前后句有着因果关系。示例(全国卷)If you find a public speaking course that looks as though its going to give you lots of dos and donts，walk away！Your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about._54_As far as were concerned，there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking.Yo

20、ur audience can be your friends.GSo trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse解析本题可利用因果关系解题。空格前面一句“Your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about.(你的大脑充满了要谈的内容。)”表示原因，而G项中的So在此处表示结果。故选G项。4根据解释例证关系解题前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和演绎(从观点到例

21、子)。示例(2016全国卷)There are three main types of cryptography. _37_ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.解析本题可利用解释例证关系解题。本题采用的思维方式是演绎(从观点到例子)，空格后的句子是例子，即“For

22、example，the first letters ofMy elephant eats too many eels spell out the hidden message Meet me.”。故选E项(你可以拼写每个单词的第一个字母来隐藏信息)。【四川省内江市2018届高三一模】Daily overuse of media and technology has a bad effect on the health of all children and teenagers by making them more open to anxiety, and more at risk of fu

23、ture health problems._36_ Many newer apps automatically show where the users are when theyre used. This can tell anyone out there exactly where to find the person using the app._37_ They are also upset about their kids spending time on Facebook accounts instead of getting down to their homework assi

24、gnments, and are afraid of what can come out of their online connections._38_ One way is to make a “social media agreement” with your kidsa real contract they can sign. In it, they can agree to protect their own privacy, consider their reputation, and not give out personal information._39_In turn, p

25、arents agree to respect teens privacy while making an effort to be part of the social media world. Parents also can help kids spend less time on the computer by putting limits on media use._40_ Avoid laptops and smartphones in bedrooms, and set some rules on the use of technology. And dont forget th

26、at setting a good example through your own virtual behavior can go a long way toward helping your kids use social media safely.A. Trust their children more.B. Keep computers in public areas in the house.C. Its important to be aware of what your kids are doing online.D. Besides, they promise never to

27、 use technology to hurt anyone else.E. Spending too much time on social media can make kids feel upset, too.F. Kids also can face the possibility of meeting the wrong person lace to face.G. Parents often say that kids would rather be online than hang around with them.【解析】36. F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句讲每天过

28、度使用媒体和技术会对所有儿童和青少年的健康造成不良影响，使他们更容易焦虑，更容易出现健康问题。F项：孩子们也会面临着遇到错误的人的可能性，与上文并列，也是对青少年的另一方面的危害，故选F。37. G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲父母们担心孩子在网络上花时间太多而不认真写作业，G项：家长们常说孩子们宁愿上网而不愿和他们在一起，符合本段内容，都是说明家长对这种现象的看法，故选G。38. C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文讲这种现象和家长们的担心，本段讲解决问题的办法之一就是与你的孩子签订一份“社交媒体协议”，C项：知道你的孩子在网上做什么很重要，承上启下，指出了问题的严重性和解决办

29、法，故选C。39. D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。与本段One way呼应，办法之一就是与你的孩子签订一份“社交媒体协议”，此外就是他们承诺永远不会用技术伤害别人。D项表达了此意，故选D。40. B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲父母帮助孩子减少上网时间的具体措施，B项：把电脑放在家里的公共区域，是措施之一，故选B。【山东省枣庄市2018届高三第一次模拟考试】Last summer over 12,000 fans were at Wembley Arena in London, shouting and cheering. Thousands more were watchin

30、g online._36_It was esports, or competitive computer gaming.Millions of people in the UK play computer games for fun. Some of them have become professional gamers, playing games as their full-time job._37_They practice for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week. They do exercises like typi

31、ng something and trying to type it faster and faster. They also study videos of other players and plan ways to beat them._38_Are players athletes? Some say no. Esports players dont need to run, jump, throw or do big physical actions. At the moment, the UK government classifies esports as kinds of ga

32、mes, not as sports.But others say yes: esports are sports. Players do need some physical skills, especially hand-eye coordination, reflexes, accuracy and timing. If darts, snooker and shooting are classified as sports, then perhaps esports should be too._39_And they will be an official medal sport in the