形容词在句子中的作用.docx

1、形容词在句子中的作用For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial useFor personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use形容词在句子中的作用1. 形容词在句子中主要用作：1)定语：Shanghai is a big industrial city. 上海是一座大工业城市。We lived in a beautiful village. 我们住在一座美丽的村子里。2)表语：We could see that she was ver

2、y handsome. 我们可以看出她非常英俊。Dont feel bad. Everything will be all right. 不要难过，一切都会好的。3)宾语补语(构成复合宾语)：We found him asleep on the sofa. 我们发现他在双人沙发上睡着了。Who left the door open? 谁让大门敞开着？4)状语：They came over, eager to help. 他们跑了过来，亟于帮忙。Afraid of the hardships, they stopped half-way. 由于害怕困难，他们中途停了下来。2. 间或用作同位语(a

3、)或独立成分(b)：a. He read all kinds of books, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. 他看了各式各样的书，古今中外都有。b. Strange to say, he did pass the exam after all. 说也奇怪，他考试竟然及格了。3. 大多数形容词，既可作定语，也可作表语，但有少数形容词通常只作表语，如：afraid, aloud, alike, alert, alive, aware, ashamed, unable。有个别形容词通常作表语，间或作定语(常有特别意思)，如：She is fond

4、 of children. 她喜欢孩子。I have very fond memories of my time in Spain. 对我在西班牙的岁月，我有亲切的回忆。Exercises:I. 在下面句子中的形容词下划线，说明它们的作用：1. She had a beautiful voice. ( )2. The baby is five months old. ( )3. I felt glad that my sister was well again. ( )( )4. Your nephew is a nice little boy. ( )( )5. We found it ha

5、rd to make a living. ( )6. The entire city turned out for the celebration. ( )7. She looked white and frightened. ( )( )8. This made me very sad. ( )9. Sure enough, they came to see us. ( )10. Much interested, he agreed to give it a try. ( )11. He said nothing, but sat silent smoking. ( )12. Of the

6、20 people present, I know only one. ( )II. 在下面短文中的形容词下划线，并说明它们的作用：On a cold, frosty day, the ants began drying the grain they had stored during the summer. A grasshopper, half-dead with hunger came by and asked the diligent ants for a morsel to save his life.“What did you do this past summer?” respo

7、nded the ants.“Oh,” said the hungry grasshopper. “I kept myself busy by singing all day long and all night, too.”“Well then,” remarked the ants as they laughed and shut the store house, “Since you kept yourself busy by singing all summer, you can do the same by dancing all winter.” adapted from Aeso

8、ps Fables形容词的比较级和最高级(1)1. 在英语中，在表示“比较”和“最”时，形容词要用特别的形式，称为“比较级”和“最高级”，原来的形容词称为“原级”： 原级 比较级 最高级strong强 stronger较强 strongest最强2. 形容词的比较级和最高级的构成方法如下：a. 单音节词和少数双音节词以加-er和-est的方式构成： 原级 比较级 最高级young年轻 younger较年轻 youngest最年轻old老 older较老 oldest最老clean干净 cleaner较干净 cleanest最干净在加词尾时要注意下面的各种情况：肈 情况蚈加词尾法膅例词 肁 一般

9、情况膈 直接加词尾袅 small, smaller, smallest薃 以e结尾的词袀 加-r，-st芈 large, larger, largest芆 以辅音y结尾的词芄 变y为i，再加词尾袃 busy, busier, busiest莈 以“辅音字母”结尾的词蚆将这字母双写再加词尾螂 big, bigger, biggestb. 其他词都在前面加more, most构成比较级及最高级： 原级 比较级 最高级important more important most importantdifficult more difficult most difficultinteresting mo

10、re interesting most interestinguseful more useful most useful3. 用比较级时常用than引起一个从句，表示和什么比较：His room is bigger than mine. 他的房间比我的房间大。She is younger than my sister. 她比我妹妹年轻。Exercises:I. 学会下列形容词的比较级和最高级： 原级 比较级 最高级1. tall taller tallest strong stronger strongest old older oldest2. large larger largest f

11、ine finer finest late later latest3. big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest thin thinner thinnest4. easy easier easiest busy busier busiest happy happier happiest5. valuable more valuable most valuable dangerous more dangerous most dangerous comfortable more comfortable most comfortableII. 给出下面形容词的比较

12、级和最高级：1. bright2. fat3. lazy4. safe5. heavy6. wide7. high8. close9. long10. dirty11. sad12. brave13. silly14. beautiful15. early16. prosperous17. interesting18. delicious19. difficult形容词的比较级和最高级(2)1. 有几个形容词有特殊的比较级和最高级形式：原级 比较级 最高级good well better bestbad ill worse worstmany much more mostlittle less

13、 leastfar farther further farthest furthestold older elder oldest eldest小贴士1：elder和eldest可用来表示兄弟和子女的长幼顺序：my elder sister 我的姐姐my eldest brother 我的大哥their eldest son他们的长子小贴士1：further表示“较远”外，还可表示 “进一步的”；而farther仅表示距离：The farther plants are too cold. 更远的行星太冷。Do you need any further help? 你还需要更进一步的帮助吗？2.

14、 双音节词除了以“辅音y”结尾的词外，还有以ow, er, le结尾的词，和个别其他双音节词，可以用加词尾的办法构成比较级和最高级：原级 比较级 最高级narrow narrower narrowestclever cleverer cleverestsimple simpler simplestcommon commoner commonest3. 也有少数单音节词可以加more和most的办法构成比较级和最高级：原级 比较级 最高级pleased more pleased most pleasedtired more tired most tiredglad more glad most

15、gladExercises:I. 给出下面形容词的比较级和最高级：1. bad2. good3. simple4. common5. far6. narrow7. old8. little9. happy10. many11. pleased12. glad13. much14. tired15. careful16. comfortableII. 在空格中填入所给形容词的适当形式：1. She is two year _ than me. Shes the _ girl in our class. (young)2. Bill is _ than Tom. Hes the _ of the

16、three children. (old)3. John is the _ boy in the class. (clever)4. Cairo is the _ city in Egypt. (big)5. Her bicycle is _ than mine. (good)6. My cold is _ today than it was yesterday. (bad)7. Tokyo is _ from Beijing than from Shanghai. (far)8. This question is _ than the other one. (simple)9. This s

17、treet is _ than Beijing Road. Its actually the _ street in the whole city. (narrow)10. It is _ in Hong Kong than in Kunming. (hot)11. My cold is getting _. (bad)12. The _ man has the _ leisure. (busy, much)13.I didnt have the _ desire to go to bed. (little)14. Manchester is _ from London than Oxford

18、. (far)15. They made _ arrangements. (far)16. Ill try to make _ mistakes in future. (few)包含形容词比较级的句子1. 包含形容词比较级的句子多带有一个由than引起的状语从句，表示和什么相比，从句中有些词会省略掉：She is taller than her elder sister. 她比她姐姐高。This book is in simpler English than the other one. 这本书的英文比另一本容易。Life was much harder than it is today. 那

19、时的生活比现在苦得多。Europe has less land than Canada. 欧洲的面积比加拿大小。They are all younger than me. 他们都比我年轻。She knows more English than I do. 她的英语比我懂的多。2. 有时状语从句可以省略：The weather is warmer today. 今天天气要暖和得多。Are you feeling better now? 现在你感觉好一点了吗？Ill be more careful in future. 以后我要细心点。Have you got a larger size? 你们有

20、大一点的吗？I had never seen a better film. 我没看过(比这)更好的电影。3. 比较级前有时有一个状语修饰：My sister is two years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小两岁。Our room is slightly bigger than theirs. 我们的房间比他们的稍微大一点。This car is a bit more expensive. 这辆车稍稍贵点。You are an inch taller than Tom. 你比汤姆高一寸。Your pronunciation is much better than mine

21、. 你发音比我好多了。4. 比较级的形容词还可以用在某些句型中：Most cities in China are getting bigger and bigger. 中国大多数城市越来越大。He read more than ten books last term. 上学期他看了十几本书。The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越高兴。Exercises:I. 在空格中填入所给形容词的比较级：1. The new buildings are much _ than the old houses. (high)2. You make _ mista

22、kes than I do. (few)3. He looked _ than I had expected. (strong)4. It is _ than I thought. (expensive)5. Its only 50 per cent _ than our moon. (large)6. Elizabeth was four minutes _ than Jessica. (old)7. Im _ at English than at geography. (bad)8. _ late than never. (good)9. Jim was ill but he is _ n

23、ow. (well)10. The day was growing _. (hot)11. Be _ next time. (careful)12. Its _ under the trees. (cool)II. 把下面句子译为汉语：1. The town has more than 7,000 people.2. They spend more and more money on food.3. She looked no more than sixteen.4. I saw a tiny man, less than six inches high.5. I found myself l

24、ess and less interested in chemistry.6. No less than a thousand people came to watch the game.7. The weather is getting colder and colder.8. The smaller the house is, the less it will cost to heat.9. Tell them to come to see me the sooner the better.10. Im feeling a lot better today.仅供个人用于学习、研究；不得用于

25、商业用途。For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use.Nur fr den persnlichen fr Studien, Forschung, zu kommerziellen Zwecken verwendet werden.Pour l tude et la recherche uniquement des fins personnelles; pas des fins commerciales. , , . 以下无正文 仅供个人用于学习、研究；不得用于商业用途。For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use.Nur fr den persnlichen fr Studien, Forschung, zu kommerziellen Zwecken verwendet werden.Pour l tude et la recherche uniquement des fins personnelles; pas des fins commerciales. , , . 以下无正文