高二下册英语第四单元知识点Body language.docx

1、高二下册英语第四单元知识点Body language高二下册英语第四单元知识点：Bodylanguage1.representvt.象征；代表，表现，描绘，体现【单词家族】representationn.代表,代表权;代理人representiveadj.典型的,代表性的n.典型,代表,代理人1)representto向表示;交涉represent.as.把描绘成representoneselfas/tobe.自称是/声言representsthtosb.向某人说明某事2)makerepresentationsto.与交涉;向提出抗议辨析：represent；standfor；onbehalf

2、of1)represent用来表示代表某人/某个团体/政府等，某种标志代表什么，某物表现的是什么或把某物描绘成什么。represent表示形式上“代表”，实际上只起象征意义时可与standfor互换，represent也可表示实际“代表”某人或某组织参加某活动。2)onbehalfof只能用作状语，表示“代表或代替某人做某事”。3)standfor常用来表示(字母、数字、符号)代表或象征什么。2.curiousadj好奇的,奇特的;稀奇古怪的,难以理解的【单词家族】curiosityn.好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品1)becurioustodosth极想做某事becuriousaboutstn对

3、感到好奇becurious+that从句很反常2)outofcuriosity.出于好奇meet/satisfyonescuriosity.满足某人好奇心withcuriosity=curiously好奇地辨析：curious;eager;anxious;worried1)curious对好奇。2)anxious着重“担心;焦急”;而eager表“期待”、“急于”或“进取的热情”。eager和anxious都有“渴望的，急于”的意思，但略有不同，anxious着重指焦急、着急、担心的心情，eager着重指对成功的期望或进取的热情。但两者有时都可译作“急于”。习惯搭配：beanxiousabou

4、t“担心”，beeagerfor“渴望”。3)worried作“担忧”时，与anxious基本相同。常用：beworriedabout为发愁/着急。【直击高考】1.Dontbetoo_aboutthingsyouarenotsupposedtoknow.(NMET/上海/1998)A.strangeB.amusingC.curiousD.conscious2.aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.(05江苏)A.SocuriousthecouplewasB.Socuriouswerethe

5、coupleC.HowcuriousthecouplewereD.Thecouplewassuchcurious3.Peoplehavealwaysbeenaboutexactlyhowlifeonearthbegan.(10天津)A.curiousB.excitedC.anxiousD.careful4.Wouldyoumindmycomingoverandhavingalookatyournewgarden?Mylittlesonscuriousaboutthoserosesyougrow.05湖北3.approach接近,靠近;走近n.接近;方法;途径attheapproachof在快到

6、的时候anapproachto接近;的方法/途径/态度approachsth./sb.靠近;接近某物/人makeanapproachetosb.接近某人anapproachtothegrammar一本语法入门的书alltheapproachestoaplace通往某地的所有途径辨析：approach；way;means;method四者都有“方式;方法;途径”之意，但approach侧重于接人待物或思考问题的方式;way为一般用语;means指可以得到结果的方法;method指有规律的、有条理的做法。【思维拓展】1)表示“做的方法”常用固定搭配：theapproachto(doing)sth.

7、thewaytodosth./of(doing)sth.themeansof(doing)sth.themethodof(doing)sth2)与不同的介词搭配：withthismethod;inthisway;bythismeans。【直击高考】1.Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferent_tothestudyofmathematics.(2006湖北)A.approachesB.meansC.methodsD.ways2.Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivestudentsquickandeasy_tothedigitalres

8、ourcesofthelibrary.（2009浙江）A.accessB.passageC.wayD.approach3.thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.(10上海)A.ApproachingB.ApproachedC.ToapproachD.Tobeapproached4.Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwiththatoftheirparents.（2

9、009江苏）4.defendvt.保卫；保护defencen.防御；保卫;防护defend.against.保护，防御defend.from(harm)保护不受(伤害)indefenceof为了扞卫.defendonesargument为某人的论点辩护insbs/sthsdefence替某人辩护/提某事辩解defenseworks防御工事，防御工程adefensesatellite防御卫星legaldefence正当防卫辨析：defend,guard,protect三者都有“保护”之意。1)defend是普通用语，用在军事上，指，防御;保卫”，用于非军事意义时，指“保护;辩护”。defend常

10、见的搭配为:todefendsb/sthagainst/from.;defendoneslf自卫2)guard指“守卫;监视;戒备”，通常侧重指警惕性非常高地防范或戒备潜在的危险。宾语后面可跟介词against或from;表示保护某人或某物免受某种威胁等，也可用作不及物动词，后面直接跟against,表示防范、防止某事的发生。3)protect侧重表示提供各种保护手段或设施，以防遭受危险或伤害，或防御风雨、寒冬、烈日、疾病等的侵袭。【即景活用】(1)Weshould_thechild_harm.(2)Theirdutyisto_thecountry_itsenemies.(3)Itsourdu

11、tyto_ourcountrywhenitisattackedbytheenemy.A.guardB.protectC.preventD.defend5.functionn.作用；功能；职能v.起作用；运转thefunctionofthehandle把手的功用abuseonesfunctions滥用职权performthefunctionof执行的功能6.easen.安逸；舒适v.减轻痛苦/忧虑atease舒适;快活;自由自在Atease!稍息(口令)feel/beatease感到舒适而无忧虑;完全放松withease容易的;无困难的easeonespain缓解疼痛easeonesmind使某

12、人安心lookatease看上去心情放松put/setsb.atonesease使某人放松、松弛takeonesease休息，轻松一下【即景活用】(1)Hepassedtheexamination_.他轻松地通过了考试。(2)Ineverfeelcompletely_withhim.我跟他在一起总感到不是很自在。7.ingeneral总的来说；通常【单词家族】generallyadv.一般地;通常地;普遍地ingeneral，总的来说/一般来说，Thegeneralopinionisthat普遍认为Itisgenerallybelievedthat普遍认为Generallyspeaking总的

13、来说/一般而言asageneralrule.一般而言;通常generalknowledge常识ageneralhospital/manager综合医院/总经理【思维拓展】onthewhole总的来说generallyspeaking一般说来asawhole就整体上来看inaword总之【直击高考】1._,themoreexpensivethecamera,thebetteritsquality.(2005/全国III)A.GeneralspeakingB.SpeakinggeneralC.GenerallyspeakingD.Speakinggenerally2.Thelimitsofaper

14、sonsintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.(2012安徽)8.loseface丢脸【思维拓展1】face短语用法归纳:1)befacedwith面临2)facetoface(with)面对面，面临，当面3)saveface保全面子【思维拓展2】lose短语归纳:loseheart泄气;灰心loseonesheartto爱上;钟情于loseweight减肥loseonesway迷路loseoneslife丧生losecour

15、age丧失勇气losesightof看不见【直击高考】1.Facedwithabillfor$10,000,_.(06陕西)A.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohnB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.Johnhastakenanextrajob2._withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.(06四川)A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface9.turnonesbackto背对；背弃【思维拓展】“动词+back”短语归纳：

16、turnback往回走;折回comeback回来;折回keepback隐瞒，忍住holdback控制住lookbackon/upon回顾;回忆callback回电话takeback拿回，收回;带回giveback归还fightback还击;还手bringback归还lookback回头看getback找回;返回;回家putback放回原处;延期推迟【直击高考】Youcantakeanythingfromtheshelfandread,butplease_thebookswhenyouvefinishedwiththem.(2004全国I)A.putonB.putdownC.putbackD.p

17、utoff2.Goodbye,John.Comebackagainsometime.（2012四川）Sure._.A.IdidB.IdoC.IshallD.Iwill3.Whenyouvefinishedwiththatbook,dontforgettoputitbackontheshelf,willyou?（07北京）4.Imsorryyouvebeenwaitingsolong,butitllstillbesometimebeforeBriangetsback.(08北京)10.belikelytodosth.很可能；有希望做.likely强调表面上看来有可能，与probable意思接近，

18、有时可以互换，但likely常暗示从表面迹象来判断。常用句型：sth./sb.islikelytodosth.某人可能做某事(不能说Itislikelyforsb.todosth.)Itislikelythat有可能.notlikely(坚决不同意)绝不可能，绝对不会【注意】likely做副词的时候多和most,very连用。辨析：likely;probable;possible1)probable表示有几分根据的推测，比possible表示的可能性大。probable不能是人作主语，只能用Itisprobableforsbstodosth.Itisprobablethat“有可能.”。2)表

19、示客观上潜在的可能性，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。possible不能用人作主语，可用于两种句型：Itispossibleforsbtodosth.某人可能做某事;Itispossiblethat“有可能.”。sth.ispossibleasquickly/much/soon.aspossible【即景活用】(1)Itis_thatitwillrain,butwithsuchablueskyitdoesntseem_.(2)Theweatheris_tobefine.(3)Itis_forustogetfromBeijingtoTianjininlessthananhour.【直击高考】1.I

20、tisimpossibleforso_workerstodoso_workinasingleday.(MET1988)A.few;muchB.few;manyC.little;muchD.little;many2.Peopleareencouragedtospeakopenly,butcarelesswordsare_tohurtothersfeelings.A.possibleB.probableC.likelyD.sure3.Someonewholacksstayingpowerandperseveranceisunlikelytoagoodresearcher.(06山东)A.makeB

21、.turnC.getD.grow4.Wouldshemindplayingagainstherformerteammates?(10浙江)Sheiswillingtoplayagainstanytoughplayers.A.Ithinkso.B.Imnotsurprised.C.Ofcourse.D.Notlikely!5.Studiesshowthatpeoplearemoretosufferfrombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforecomputerscreensforlonghours.(10陕西)A.likelyB.possibleC.probableD.

22、sure11.Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesameway,noraretheycomfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。【思维拓展】(1)notall.是部分否定，与not构成部分否定的词还有：both,every,everyone,everywhere,everybody,everything,always,entirely,wholly,altogether。Noteverystudentpassedt

23、heexam.并非所有的学生都通过了考试。NotallofuscanspeakEnglish.并非我们都会说英语。提示：表示全部否定的词有：none,nobody,neither,never,nothing,nowhere,noone,notatall。allnone(一个人也没有、没有任何东西);bothneither(两个都不);everyno(没有，不是);everyonenoone(没有人);everythingnothing(什么也没有)等。Ilikeneitherofthebooks.这两本书我都不喜欢。【即景活用】Thefollowingsentencesthathavethes

24、amemeaningare_.a.Allisnotgoldthatglitters.b.Noneisgoldthatglitters.c.Allthatglittersisnotgold.d.Notallgoldglitters.A.b，cB.a，cC.c，dD.a，b(2)本句后半句是nor引起的倒装句，nor位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。即把助动词，情态动词，系动词放在主语前面，而真正谓语动词在后面。归纳拓展：含有否定意义的词置于句首往往引起部分倒装：含有否定意义的副词放在句首，如：not,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等.含有否定意义的连词置于句首，如

25、：neither.nor,nosooner.than.,scarcely.when.,hardly.when.等。含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首，如：bynomeans,innotime,innocase,onnoaccount等.【直击高考】1.BillwasnthappyaboutthedelayofthereportbyJohn,and_.(2008辽宁)A.IwasneitherB.neitherwasIC.IwaseitherD.eitherwasI2.Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfound_ofthemagain.(2

26、010重庆)A.neitherB.eitherC.eachD.all3.Iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible!（04全国III）_.A.NoramIB.NeitherwouldIC.SamewithmeD.SodoI4.NeverbeforeseenanybodywhocanplaytennisaswellasRobert.(2012江西)A.hadsheB.shehadC.hassheD.shehas5.Janewontjoinusfordinnertonightand.（2011全国）A.neitherwontTomB

27、.TomwonteitherC.TomwilltooD.sowillTom6.-Wow!Youvegotsomanyclothes.-But_ofthemareinfashionnow.（2009上海）7.Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?ActuallyIdidntlike_.(2008全国I)A.bothofthemB.eitherofthemC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem8.ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhich_oftheparentsspokethelanguage.(北京2008)A.noneB.neitherC.bothD.each9.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobsforwhichtheyarebeingtrained.(05江西)