高中英语必修一unit5单词讲解.docx

1、高中英语必修一unit5单词讲解高中英语必修一unit5单词讲解1.quality n. 1) An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for others. ( )2) One quality of wood is that it can burn. ( )3) The quality of education in this small school is better than that in some larger ones. ( )4) be of high/ good/ low/ poor/ top qualityqu

2、antitysmall/ huge quantities of food/ water/ books/goods2.generous vs. mean adj.1) She is mean _ money but generous _ me.2) He is _ and he treated them with _ and thoughtfulness.3) It was very _ of you to forgive him.4) Dont be so _ to him. After all, he is your little brother.vt. meant, meant 1) Th

3、e flashing light means (that) you must stop. 2) My child means the world for me. 3) I _ _ _ (mean) hurt you. 4) That would mean _ (waste) a lot of labor. 5) The chair _ _ _ (mean) a child.3.devote vt. 献身于；专心于1) Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all his savings to _ (set) up some schools for poor a

4、rea.2) _ (devote) to his scientific work, he has no time to care for his family affairs, _, of course, his wife always complains about.3) The time and effort he has devoted during the past few years _ (plant) trees in that remote area is now considered to be of great value.devote ones time/energy/ef

5、forts/oneself to sth/doing sth be devoted to. devoted adj. get used tolook forward to.pay attention to.stick to.5. found founder foundation 6. principle 1) I refuse to lie; its _ my principle. 2) the principles of physics. Sun strongly believed in the three principles: _; _; _.7. guidance v. _ 1) un

6、der the guidance of sb. 2) offer guidance on 8. out of work= out of a job / employment _ _ _ for a year, he had to be dependent on his family. out of breath/ balance/ date/ control/ reach/sight out of order/ trouble/ question / the questionIfyoupersist,yoursuccessisoutofquestion. 9. hopeful adj.1) I

7、 feel _ (hope) that well find a suitable job soon.2) He was very _ (hope) about the outcome of the exam.3) _ (hope), my advice will make a difference to your English study. 10. vote vi.1) He was grateful to those who _ _ him.2) Now we will _ _ the question.3) We should _ _ decide who do the dishes t

8、oday.11. attack vt./n.1) The general commanded that we _ _ the enemy right away.2) It shocked her to hear that her good friend _ _ _ cancer.3) The city was _ _ at midnight without warning. be under attack make an attack on/againstair attack a heart attack 12.violence 1) These modern skyscrapers do v

9、iolence to the beauty of the old city with a long history. 2) The wind blew with great violence. violent adj. violently adv.13. as a matter of fact 1) He doesnt mind. As a matter of fact, hes pleased. 2) Theres no reason to be disappointed. As a matter of fact, this could be rather amusing. Actually

10、; in (actual) fact; in effect; in truth; in reality14. blow up ? ?_ 1) They are uncertain about the time when the bomb _ _ yesterday. 2) My bike tyres need blowing up.=_ _ _ _.3) Im sorry I blew up at you.15. equal adj. Not all men are equal in ability. ( )I am not equal to the tasks/challenge. ( )v

11、. Two plus two equals four. ( )No one equals him in strength. ( )n. In story-telling she had no equal / was without equal. No one could be his equal at telling stories. ( )1) She is very weak and not equal _ making a long journey.2) Divide the cake into quarters and share it _ (equal)3) Anyone, whet

12、her he is an official or a bus driver, should be _ (equal) respected.16. willing n. _ be willing / unwilling to do Where there is a _, there is a way. 17. turn to 1) Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal? 2) Whenever I have problems, I always turn to my teacher

13、. turn down 1) Dont forget to turn down the gas after an hour. 2) I thanked for her offer but turned it down. turn up 1) Turn up the radio please. I couldnt hear it clearly. 2) Shut up! You even didnt turn up in my wedding. turn out 1) If I had known my life was going to turn out like this, I would

14、have let them kill me.turn in 1) I might today hesitate to turn in a burglar.2) The official showed up to tell her to turn in her library books.turn on turn over 1) Liz picked up the blue envelope and turned it over curiously.2) If you turn something over in your mind, you think carefully about it.t

15、urn away Hard times are forcing community colleges to turn away students.1) -Why does she always ask you for help?-There is no one else _, is there?A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn2) -You look upset. Whats the matter?-I had my proposal _ again. A. turned ov

16、er B. turned on C. turned off D. turned down1. escapeescape from + sp. escape + doing sth. Her name escaped me. The matter has quite escaped my memory. 我们很幸运，没有受罚。_14. reward报酬，报答，赏金A reward for good behavior reward sb with money for sth/doing sth Winners will be rewarded a trip to England. She star

17、ted singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.reward sb with money for sth/doing sth award vs. reward award n. C 奖，奖品 (prize)；奖金(scholarship, bonus) vt. 授予，给予He won the second award/prize. He won the award of $10000.She was awarded the first prize. A _ will be offered to the information lead

18、ing to the arrest of the bank robber. A. price B. fund C. reward D. profit He was nominated for the best actor _. A. reward B. scholarship C. award D. result15. set up set upset about doing sthset out to do sthset aside Some doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for worry.set off/out

19、for + 地点 = start/leave/sail for + 地点set off What he said has set off our anger. be set in1) Youd better set _ some money for urgent use. 2) We will set _ for Africa tomorrow. 3) Lets set _ the tent first and then build the fire. 4) This film is set _ New York. 5) He set _ learning Chinese at age ten

20、. -Why was Professor Liu thundering in the classroom yesterday?-A students interrupting his speech _ the burst of his anger. A. set up B. set out C. set about D. set off positionwe were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. These plants

21、 will grow well in a sheltered position.This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position.in position/out of position vt. She quickly positioned herself behind the desk.When he applied for a _ in the office of the local newspaper, he was told to see the manager. A. location B. profession C. ca

22、reer D. position The enemys _ was marked on the map. A. situation B. direction C. position D. condition 17.fight n.打架，战斗，斗志 vi.打仗，搏斗，对抗，打架 vt.与.打仗，反对 (1).You have to fight for your rights. 你必须为你的权利而奋斗。 (2).England and France fought against Russia in the Crimean War. 在克里米亚战争中,英、法两国与俄国作战。 (3).He and h

23、is wife are always fighting over trifling matters. 他和他妻子总是为琐事争吵。 (4).They fought their oppressors with all kinds of weapons. 他们用各种武器对抗压迫他们的人。 (5).The battle was fought in the mountains. 这一仗是在山里打的。 (6).They fought the bill fiercely. 他们激烈反对这项议案。 (7).Who won the fight? 谁赢得了这场战斗? (8).Their fights were a

24、lways over money. 他们的争吵总是为了钱的问题。 (9).He has plenty of fight in him. 他斗志旺盛。 fight for 为而战，而奋斗 fight against v. 对抗；反对；与作斗争 fight with 与并肩战斗；为反对而战斗；与打架 fight back 回击；抵抗 fight on 继续战斗 fight off vt. 击退；排斥；竭力避免 fight fire with fire 以火攻火；以毒攻毒 fight for ones life 病危 18.prison 表示蹲监狱时，其前面不用冠词 be in prison 在狱中

25、，被监禁（状态） be out of prison 出狱 put .in prison=send.to prison(动作)=throw.to prison 类似：bed,church,class,college,hospital,school,university,market n. 监狱CU ；监禁U；拘留所C vt. 监禁,关押 (1).He was sent to prison for damaging public property. 他因破坏公共财产被处监禁。 (2).Are there alternatives to prison? 除了监禁还有其他办法吗? escape fro

26、m prison 越狱 prison sentence n. 徒刑 go to prison 入狱；被监禁 be put in prison 被送去坐牢19.as.as+主语+can /could=as.as+possible20.stage 阶段，时期（at,in） 舞台（on）The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no right

27、s at all. at an early stage set the stage for be/go on the stage stage by stage They are merely passers-by on the stage of history. The product is at the design stage. 24.degree:n 学位：get a degree 度，度数 10 degrees 程度，等级 high degree 高度；高地位 bachelors degree 学士学位 masters degree n. 硕士学位 college /universit

28、y degree 大学文凭；大学学位 to some degree 在某种程度上；有点，稍微 to a degree 在某种程度上，在一定程度上；非常 in ones degree 按照其本身的情况(或程度) in some degree 在某种程度上25.强调 ： do,does,did后面的动词要原形26. reward n. 报酬，奖金 v.酬劳，奖赏 award n. 奖品，奖项 v. 授予，判给 award sb sth (1).He made promises of a large reward. 他许下要给大报酬的诺言。 (2).How can I reward you for

29、your kindness? 我怎样才能报答你的好意呢? (3).This new invention won the highest award. 这项新发明获得最高奖。 (4).However, I do not want to sound like a Hollywood actor accepting an award. 然而，我不想听起来像一个正在接受奖项的好莱坞演员。 (5).It is the custom of this academy to make an annual award for outstanding researchers in chemistry. 每年向杰出的化学研究人员发奖是这个学会的惯例。 in reward 作为报酬/答 reward for 因的酬谢；作为的回报 as a reward for 作为的报酬；作为的回报 get nothing in reward reward sb with sth /for (doing) sth academy award 奥斯卡金像奖；学院奖（美国电影艺术科学院颁发的年度奖项） award ceremony 颁奖仪式，颁奖典礼 special award 特别奖