岩土工程中英文词汇对照.docx

1、岩土工程中英文词汇对照岩土工程中英文词汇对照来源：刘燚龙Jet的日志1.综合类1.geotech ni cal engin eeri ng 岩土工程2.fo un dati on engin eeri ng 基础工程3.soil, earth 土4.soil mechanics 土力学cyclic loadi ng 周期荷载unioading 卸载reloading再加载viscoelastic foun dati on 粘弹性地基viscous damp ing 粘滞阻尼shear modulus 剪切模量5.soil dynamics 土动力学6.stress path应力路径7.nu m

2、erical geotecha nics 数值岩土力学2.土的分类1.residual soil 残积土 groundwater level 地下水位2.gro un dwater 地下水groun dwater table 地下水位3.clay mi nerals 粘土矿物4.sec ondary min erals 次生矿物5.landslides 滑坡6.bore hole colu mnar secti on 钻孑 L柱状图7.e ngin eeri ng geologic in vestigati on 工程地质勘察8.boulder 漂石9.cobble 卵石10.gravel 砂

3、石11.gravelly sand 砾砂12.coarse sand 粗砂13.medium sand 中砂14.fine sand 细砂15.silty sand 粉土16.clayey soil 粘性土17.clay 粘土18.silty clay 粉质粘土19.silt 粉土20.sandy silt 砂质粉土21.clayey silt 粘质粉土22.saturated soil 饱和土23.un saturated soil 非饱和土24.fill (soil)填土25.overc on solidated soil 超固结土26.no rmally con solidated so

4、il 正常固结土27.un derc on solidated soil 欠固结土28.zonal soil 区域性土29.soft clay 软粘土30.expa nsive (swelli ng) soil 膨胀土31.peat 泥炭32.loess 黄土33.frozen soil 冻土3.土的基本物理力学性质1.cc compressi on in dex2.cu un dra ined shear stre ngth3.cu/p0 ratio of undrained stre ngth cu to effective overburde n stress p0(cu/pO)NC ,

5、(cu/pO)oc subscripts NC and OC desig nated no rmally con solidated and overco n solidated, respectively4.cva ne cohesive stre ngth from vane test5.e0 n atural void ratio6.Ip plasticity in dex7.K0 coefficient of “ artest ” pressurefor total stresses arid (t28.K0 domain for effective stresses cand cr

6、29.K On K0 for no rmally con solidated state10.KOu KO coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loading o r an undrained con diti on11.K0d KO coefficie nt un der cyclic load in g(freque ncy less tha n 1Hz),as a pseudo- dyn ami c test for KO coefficie nt12.kh ,kv permeabili

7、ty in horiz on tal and vertical direct ions, respectively13.N blow count, sta ndard pen etrati on test14.OCR over-c on solidatio n ratio15.pc prec on solidati on pressure ,from oedemeter test16.p0 effective overburde n pressure17.p s specific cone pen etrati on resista nee, from static cone test18.q

8、u unconfined compressive stre ngth19.U, Um degree of consolidation subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen20.u ,ub ,um pore (water) pressure, subscripts b and m denote bottom of specimen an d mean value, respectively21.w0 wL wp natural water content, liquid and plastic limits, respectively22.c

9、1, principal stresses, cl and c 21note effective principal stresses23.Atterberg limits 阿太堡界限24.degree of saturati on 饱和度25.dry unit weight 干重度26.moist unit weight 湿重度28.effective unit weight 有效重度29.density 密度pactness 密实度31.maximum dry den sity 最大干密度32.optimum water content 最优含水量33.three phase diagra

10、m 三相图34.tri-phase soil 三相土35.soil fractio n 粒组36.sieve analysis 筛分37.hydrometer an alysis 比重计分析38.u niformity coefficie nt 不均匀系数39.coefficie nt of gradatio n 级配系数40.fine-grained soil(silty and clayey) 纟田粒土41.coarse- grained soil(gravelly and san dy) 粗粒土42.U ni fied soil classificati on system 土的统一分类

11、系统43.ASCE=America n Society of Civil Engineer 美国土木工程师学会44.AASHTO= American Association State Highway Officials 美国州公路官员协会45.I SSMGE=Intern ati onal Society for Soil Mecha nics and Geotech ni cal Engin eeri ng国际土力学与岩土工程学会4.渗透性和渗流1.Darcy law达西定律2.piping 管涌3.flow ing soil 流土4.sa nd boili ng 砂沸5.flow net

12、 流网6.seepage 渗透(流)7eakage渗流8.seepage pressure 渗透压力9.permeability 渗透性10.seepage force 渗透力11.hydraulic gradie nt 水力梯度12.coefficie nt of permeability 渗透系数5.地基应力和变形1.soft soil 软土2.(n egative) skin frictio n of driven pile 打入桩(负)摩阻力3.effective stress 有效应力4.total stress 总应力5.field vane shear stre ngth 十字板

13、抗剪强度6ow activity 低活性7.sensitivity 灵敏度8.triaxial test 三轴试验9.fo un dati on desig n 基础设计10.recompact ion 再压缩11.beari ng capacity 承载力12.soil mass 土体13.co ntact stress (pressure) 接触应力(压力)14.co ncen trated load 集中荷载15.a semi-i nfinite elastic solid 半无限弹性体16.homoge neous 均质17.isotropic 各向同性18.strip footi n

14、g 条基19.square spread footi ng 方形独立基础20.un derly ing soil (stratum ,strata) 下卧层(土)21.dead load =sustained load 恒载 持续荷载22.live load 活载23.short -erm tran sie nt load 短期瞬时荷载24.lo ng-term tran sie nt load 长期荷载25.reduced load 折算荷载26.settleme nt 沉降27.deformati on 变形28.casing 套管29.dike=dyke 堤（防）30.clay frac

15、tion 粘粒粒组31.physical properties 物理性质32.subgrade 路基33.well-graded soil 级配良好土34.poorly-graded soil 级配不良土35.no rmal stresses 正应力36.shear stresses 剪应力37.pri ncipal pla ne 主平面38.major （in termediate, minor） prin cipal stress 最大（中、最小）主应力39.Mohr-Coulomb failure con ditio n 摩尔-库仑破坏条件40.FEM=fi nite eleme nt

16、method 有限元法41.limit equilibrium method 极限平衡法42.pore water pressure 孑 L隙水压力43.prec on solidati on pressure 先期固结压力44.modulus of compressibility 压缩模量45.coeffice nt of compressibility 压缩系数pressi on in dex 压缩指数47.swelli ng in dex 回弹指数48.geostatic stress 自重应力49.additio nal stress 附加应力50.total stress 总应力51

17、.fi nal settleme nt 最终沉降52.slip line 滑动线6.基坑开挖与降水1excavation 开挖（挖方）2dewateri ng （基坑）降水3failure of foun datio n 基坑失稳4brac ing of foun dati on pit 基坑围护5bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起6retai ning wall 挡土墙7pore-pressure distributi on 孑 L压分布8dewateri ng method 降低地下水位法9well poi nt system 井点系统（轻型）10deep w

18、ell poi nt 深井点11vacuum well point 真空井点12braced cuts 支撑围护13braced excavation 支撑开挖14braced sheeti ng 支撑挡板7.深基础-deep foundation1.pile foun dati on 桩基础1）cast -n-place 灌注桩divi ng casti ng cast-i n-place pile 沉管灌注桩bored pile钻孔桩special-shaped cast-i n-place pile 机控异型灌注桩rammed bulb pile 夯扩桩2)belled pier fou

19、n dation 钻孔墩基础drilled-pier fou ndatio n 钻孔扩底墩un der-reamed bored pier3)precast con crete pile 预制混凝土桩4)steel pile 钢桩steel pipe pile 钢管桩steel sheet pile 钢板桩5)prestressed con crete pile 预应力混凝土桩prestressed con crete pipe pile 预应力混凝土管桩2.caiss on foun datio n 沉井(箱)3.di aphragm wall 地下连续墙 截水墙4.friction pil

20、e 摩擦桩5.e nd-beari ng pile 端承桩6.shaft竖井；桩身7.wave equatio n an alysis 波动方程分析8.pile caps承台(桩帽)9.beari ng capacity of sin gle pile 单桩承载力10.lateral pile load test 单桩横向载荷试验.ultimate lateral resista nee of si ngle pile 单桩横向极限承载力12.static load test of pile 单桩竖向静荷载试验13.vertical allowable load capacity 单桩竖向容许

21、承载力14.low pile cap 低桩承台15.high-rise pile cap 高桩承台16.vertical ultimate uplift resista nee of si ngle pile 单桩抗拔极限承载力17.sile nt pili ng 静力压桩18.uplift pile 抗拔桩19.a nti-slide pile 抗滑桩2O.pile groups 群桩21.efficie ncy factor of pile groups 群桩效率系数（22.efficie ncy of pile groups 群桩效应23.dy namic pile test ing 桩

22、基动测技术24.final set最后贯入度25.dy namic load test of pile 桩动荷载试验26.pile in tegrity test 桩的完整性试验27.pile head=butt 桩头28.pile tip=pile poin t=pile toe 桩端（头）29.pile spaci ng 桩距30.pile plan桩位布置图31.arra ngeme nt of piles =pile layout 桩的布置32.group actio n 群桩作用33.e nd beari ng=tip resista nee 桩端阻34.sk in（ side） f

23、riction=shaft resista nee 桩侧阻35.pile cushi on 桩垫36.pile drivin g（by vibratio n） （振动）打桩37.pile pulli ng test 拔桩试验38.pile shoe 桩靴39.pile noise打桩噪音40.pile rig 打桩机8.地基处理-ground treatment1.建筑地基处理技术规范tech ni cal code for gro und treatme nt of buildi ng2.cushion垫层法3.preloadi ng 预压法4.dy namic compact ion 强夯

24、法5.dy namic compact ion replaceme nt 强夯置换法6.vibroflotatio n method 振冲法7.sa nd-gravel pile 砂石桩8.gravel pile(st one colu mn) 碎石桩9.ceme nt-flyash-gravel pile(CFG)水泥粉煤灰碎石桩10.ceme nt mixi ng method水泥土搅拌桩11.ceme nt colu mn 水泥桩12.lime pile (lime colum n) 石灰桩13.jet grout ing 高压喷射注浆法14.rammed-ceme nt-soil pi

25、le夯实水泥土桩法15.li me-soil compact ion pile灰土挤密桩lime-soil compacted colu mn灰土挤密桩lime soil pile 灰土挤密桩16.chemical stabilizati on化学加固法17.surface compact ion表层压实法18.surcharge preloadi ng超载预压法19.vacuum preload ing真空预压法20.sand wick袋装砂井冷热处理法25.freez ing and heati ng26.expa nsive ground treatme nt 膨胀土地基处理27.山区地

26、基处理gro und treatme nt in mountain area28.collapsible loess treatme nt 湿陷性黄土地基处理29.artificial foun dati on 人工地基30.natural fou ndation 天然地基31.pillow 褥垫32.soft clay grou nd 软土地基33.sand drain 砂井34.root pile 树根桩35.plastic drain 塑料排水带36.replaceme nt ratio (复合地基)置换率9.固结 consolidation1.Terzzaghi cdn solidat

27、i on theory 太沙基固结理论2.Barra on consolidation theory 巴隆固结理论3.Biot consolidation theory 比奥固结理论4.over con solidation ratio n (OCR) 超固结比5.overc on solidati on soil 超固结土6.excess pore water pressure 超孔压力7.multi-dime nsional con solidati on 多维固结8.o ne-dime nsio nal con solidati on 维固结9.primary con solidati

28、on 主固结10.sec on dary con solidati on 次固结11.degree of con solidatio n 固结度12.co nsolidation test 固结试验13.co nsolidati on curve 固结曲线14.time factor Tv 时间因子15.coefficie nt of con solidati on 固结系数16.prec on solidati on pressure 前期固结压力17.pri nciple of effective stress 有效应力原理18.co nsolidatio n under KO con d

29、ition KO 固结十.抗剪强度shear strength1.u ndrai ned shear stre ngth 不排水抗剪强度2.residual stre ngth 残余强度3o ng-term stre ngth 长期强度4.peak stre ngth 峰值强度5.shear strain rate 剪切应变速率6.dilatation 剪胀7.effective stress approach of shear stren gth 剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法8.total stress approach of shear stren gth 抗剪强度总应力法9.Mohr-Coul

30、omb theory 莫尔库仑理论10.a ngle of in ternal frictio n 内摩擦角11.cohesion 粘聚力12.failure criterio n 破坏准则13.va ne stre ngth 十字板抗剪强度14.unconfined compressi on 无侧限抗压强度15.effective stress failure en velop 有效应力破坏包线16.effective stress stren gth parameter 有效应力强度参数十一-.本构模型-constitutive model1.elastic model 弹性模型2.non li near elastic model 非线性弹性模型3.elastoplastic model 弹塑性模型4.viscoelastic model 粘弹性模型5.bo undary surface model 边界面模型6.Du ncan-Cha ng model 邓肯张模型7.rigid plastic model 冈U塑性模型8.cap model盖帽模型9.work softening 加工软化10.work harde ning 力口工硬化11.Cambridge model 剑桥模型12.ideal elastoplastic model 理想弹塑性模型13.Mohr-C