高考英语高频词汇必背及训练.docx

1、高考英语高频词汇必背及训练高考英语高频词汇必背及训练 2021年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练 2 1.suffer vt.&vi.suffer作及物动词，但无被动语态，宾语常是 pain，loss，defeat，punishment，hardship等。而 suffer from 表示“遭受之苦，患某种疾病”。(1)vt.遭受，经历 This area suffered a great loss in the earthquake.这一地区在地震中遭受重大损失。The Democrats suffered a crushing defeat in the last election.民主党在上次

2、选举中遭遇了惨败。He suffered great pain/no pain.他遭受了很大的痛苦/没遭受痛苦。(2)vi.受苦；患病(常与 from连用，意思为“因而受苦，受之苦”)【拓展】suffering n痛苦；苦难，但指种种苦难、痛苦时常用复数。He died without any suffering.他死时没有任何痛苦。He told me all about his sufferings.他告诉我他所经历的种种苦难。(1)He would rather_death than let out the secret.Asuffer Bsuffer from Cbe suffered

3、 Dbe suffering(2)_such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river.AHaving suffered BSuffering CTo suffer DSuffer 2.pressure n压，按；压力；艰难 The team performs well under pressure.这个队在压力下表现良好。The barriers gave way under the pressure of the crowd.拥挤的人群把路障推倒了。Shes got a lot of press

4、ure on her at work just now.她现在工作压力很大。考点提示：under the pressure of 在的压力下 e/go under pressure 在压力/强制下 bring.under pressure 压制 put/bring pressure on 给压力；强迫 cause pressure 造成压力 suffer pressure 承受压力 Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their _ some people drink alcohol.Atemper Bmood Cconsciousness D

5、press 完成句子(1)He had to leave the girl who he loved so deeply_(在的压力下)public opinion.(2)Advertisements_(迫使)girls to be thin.3.reduce (1)vt.减少，降低(翻译较灵活)reduce expenses 缩减开支 reduce the price 降低价格 reduce the pressure 减轻压力 The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.当飞临机场时，飞机减慢了速度。(2)vi.缩减到(to)；缩

6、减了(by)We had to reduce the price from 5 dollars to 3 dollars.我们不得不把价格从 5美元降到 3美元。That is to say，we have to reduce the price by 2 dollars.那就是说我们不得不降价 2美元。考点提示：表示“增加”的词有：increase，rise，go up 表示“减少”的词有：decrease，reduce，go down，drop 单项填空(1)She reduced her weight _ 5 kilograms.Ato Btowards Cfor Dby(2)The c

7、ars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.Yes.But Im sure something will be done to _ air pollution.Areduce Bremove Ccollect Dwarn 4.diet n饮食，节食 作可数名词时，常指为了某种特定的目的，定质、定量的饮食。be on a diet在节食，在减肥 She couldnt help eating delicious fish and meat，though she is on a diet.尽管她在减肥，但还是忍不住吃些鱼和肉。用 food

8、，diet 填空(1)I can smell the delicious _ on the table.(2)A healthy_ can benefit you a lot.5.care v.介意，关心，关注 照顾，照料 n.担心，烦恼 U照料，护理 注意，小心同 attention;caution 完成句子 注意不要把这婴儿吵醒了。_ that you dont wake the baby.她在照料我的婴儿。She is _ my baby.只要你答应把我的照相机保管好就可以借去用。You can borrow my camera if you promise to_ it.用 about

9、,for填空 Einstein who cared little _ money never cared _ his salary.Would you care _ some coffee?6.catch v抓住，接住 赶上，搭上(车、船等)反 miss 理解，听懂同understand;follow 感染(疾病)撞上，偶然发现 吸引，引起(注意等)完成句子/英译汉/单项选择 老师捉住他考试舞弊。The teacher caught him _ in the exam.被动语态 He _.要是你耽误很多课，你会很难赶上的。If you miss a lot of lessons,its ver

10、y difficult At rush hour we are often caught in traffic._ The painting on the wall caught my eye._ I didnt catch what you said._ The owner scolded the girl caught _ flowers in his garden and let her off.A.picking B.to pick C.to have picked D.to be picking 用 catch up with 或 keep up with 填空 别跑了，我赶不上你了

11、。Dont run I cant _ you.为了跟上那些优秀学生，我们得努力学习了。We have to work hard to _ those excellent students.7.prefer vt.宁可，宁愿；更喜欢 I prefer not to think about it.我不想考虑此事。Would you prefer me to stay？你愿意我留下来吗？考点提示：prefer名词/代词 更喜欢 prefer to/do 更愿意做(倾向具体的动作)prefer doing 更愿意做(倾向普遍的行为习惯)prefer sb to do 更愿意某人做 prefer tha

12、tclause 更愿意(从句中常用虚拟语气，即“主语should do”，should可省略)prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做 A而不做 B prefer(doing)A to(doing)B 宁愿做 A而不做 B(1)On a cold day he prefers _ out to play football _ at home.Agoing；rather stay Bgoing；to staying Cto go；rather than staying Dto go；rather than to stay(2)He prefers _ lecture

13、s to the students to _ to different boring conferences.Ato give；be invited Bgive；be invited Cgiving；be invited Dgiving；being invited 8.advertisement n广告(简写 ad.)Put an advertisement in the newspaper.在报纸上登广告。She scanned the job/property advertisements in the paper.她浏览了一下报纸的招聘/房地产广告。剑桥高阶 考点提示：(1)advert

14、ise v 登广告，作广告 advertise sth 宣传某物，为某物作广告 advertise for sth/sb 登广告征寻/招聘某物/人(2)advertiser n.做广告的人(3)advertising n.广告业 用 advertise的适当形式填空(1)They put _ in the newspapers to _ their new cars.(2)With the development of _，many _ find their way to prove their abilities.9.damage v.损害，毁坏 n.损害，损坏，损失 完成句子 这次地震使一

15、些建筑受到了破坏。The earthquake _.火灾造成房屋严重损毁。The fire _ the houses.洪水使这个村子受到了严重破坏。The village _ the flood.10.danger n.危险反 safety 用 dangerous,in danger 填空 That dog is ill and _.That dog is _；it may bite.答案：1.(1)A(2)A 2.D 句意：城市生活很艰难，许多人为了缓解压力而喝啤酒。lose ones pressure 缓解压力；mood 情绪；consciousness 意识；temper 脾气。(1)u

16、nder the pressure of(2)put pressure on 3.(1)D reduce.by.“把减少了”；reduce.to“把减少到”。句意：她体重减了 5公斤。(2)A 句意：汽车在街上放出许多废气。是的，但是我相信一定会采取措施来降低污染的。reduce减少，降低；remove 移开；collect 收集；warn警告。4.(1)food(2)diet 5.Take care taking care of take good care of for;about for 6.cheating;was caught cheating in the exam to catc

17、h up 在交通高峰时间我们经常遇到堵车。墙上的画吸引了我。我没听懂你说的话。A 该题考查 catch sb.doing sth.这一结构，其被动形式为 sb.be caught doing sth.。该句中 caught 是过去分词作后置定语，修饰 the girl，相当于 who was caught stealing。catch up with keep/catch up with 7.(1)B(2)D 8.(1)advertisements；advertise(2)advertising；advertisers 9.damaged several buildings caused a lot of damage to suffered serious damage from 10.in danger dangerous