英语语音课教学设计语音课教案.docx

1、英语语音课教学设计语音课教案英语语音课教学设计语音课教案 英语语音课教学设计【语音课教案】Teaching Plan for English Pronunciation Practice 英语语音课程教学教案 Unit 1 Basic Concepts:Syllables,Stress&Rhythm Unit 2 Consonants:Stops Unit 3 Consonants:Fricatives and Affricates Unit 4 Consonants:Nasals,Approximants&Literal(s)Unit 5 Vowels:Front Vowels&Centra

2、l Vowels Unit 6 Vowels:Back Vowels Unit 7 Vowels:Diphthongs Unit8 Stressed Syllables&Unstressed Syllables Unit 9 Stressed Words&Unstressed Words in a Sentence Unit 10 Strong Forms and Weak Forms Unit 11 Linking Unit 12 Rhythm of English Speech Unit 13 Types of Intonation in English Unit 14 Intonatio

3、n Units of English Unit 15 Functions&Uses of English Intonation 概论 English Phonemes Study 英语音素学习 1.Some concepts about phonology:几个语音学的概念 1)letters:words spelling symbols.字母：词语的拼写符号。2)phonetic elements(phoneme1):voice elements in speaking.音素：语音的要素。3)phonetic symbols:pronunciation symbols.音标:拼读符号。4)p

4、honetic site(phoneme2):the area a phonetic element is uttered in the mouth.音位：音素在口腔的发音区域。5)phonetic site variety(allophones):different forms of the same phonetic element at different stages of the same phonetic site area.音位变体：同一音素在同一音位的发音区域不同段位上的不同表现形式。2Classification of English vowels 英语元音的分类：长音 短音

5、 音位 长音 短音 音位 长音 短音 音位 i:i 1:4 u:u 6 e 2 5:7 3 :8 前元音（不圆唇）中元音（不圆唇）后元音（圆唇）发音特点：在前、中、后各组元音内，按照音位从前往后，开口由小变大；同一音位上，同一音位的长、短音可看作同一音素的音位变体，短音比长音的音位偏后，开口偏大。Moving vowels 运动音/变化音（双元音）：ai sky,die au now,loud i dear,hear ei make,say u low,go care,there boy,oil u sure,poor 合口音（向前音）圆唇音 向中音 发音特点：以ai为例，从a:开始发音，音位

6、向前移动，中间经过若干音位，到终点i处收拢，整个过程连贯紧凑，浑然一体，音位比普通话“爱”字的韵母 ai 更前，开口稍小。3.Single vowels(cardinal vowels)uttering practice 单元音发音练习 4.Moving vowels(gliding vowels or diphtongs)uttering practice 运动音发音练习 5.Similar vowels comparation 近似音发音区别练习 e bed met set let pet bad mad sad lad pat but must suck love pub box mop

7、 soft lost pop:bar mark star last past 6.the vocal organs(发音器官)：vocal cords 声带,uvula 小舌,palate 腭，tongue 舌头,tongue blade 舌边,lips 唇,teeth 牙齿,alveolar 齿龈,the nasal cavity 鼻腔,the oral cavity 口腔，pharynx 咽，larynx 喉 The consonants elements study 辅音音素学习 I.the constructure of the English consonants 英语辅音构成 1.

8、（1）清辅音：发音时声带不振动的辅音；（2）浊辅音：发音时声带要振动的辅音。2.爆破音 plosive consonants:p t k;b d g;摩擦音 fricative consonants:s f ;z v ;h r 鼻音 nasal consonants:m n ;舌边音（旁流音）lateral consonants:l;半元音 semi-vowels:j w;破擦音 affricate consonants:ts t dz d tr dr.II.phonetic practice 发音练习 IIIhard points explaination 难点解说：shy,show,sha

9、rp；汉语拼音 sh(施)x(西)：先定好发“施”的翘舌动作，在上齿后部发出“西”音，然后去除“xi”的韵母。：pleasure,usual 汉语拼音 r(日)y(衣）t：change,teach 汉语拼音ch(吃)q（七）；d：charge,danger 汉语拼音 zh(智)j(机)IV.English tongue twister practice 英语绕口令练习：1.She sells the shells at the sea-shore,and the shells she sells are sea-shells,Im sure.Cause she sells the shells

10、 on the sea-shore,the shells she sells are sea-shells for sure.2.Peter Piper picked a pack of pickled peppers.If Peter Piper picked a pack of pickled peppers,how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick?VI.interesting numbers recilting practice 趣味数字背诵练习：用“流水诵记法”背诵一百位圆周率小数 目的：通过这一练习，使学生体验语音节律和联想对记忆的

11、强化和整合作用，使较长的记忆单元变为一个有机的整体，熟练后可达到一气呵成的功效。一口气背完一百位圆周率小数最快仅 7 秒。=3.1415926 535897932 834626433 38297502884 19716939 9375105 8209749 445923078 1640628 6208998 6280348 253421170679 英语音标教学中非拉丁字母的符号如何输入？方法一、插入字符。在 word 中，不同字体的字符容量是不同的，Microsoft Rererance Sans Serif 等字体包含了非拉丁字母的其他国际音标符号。输入方法如下：使用“插入”“符号”“字体

12、”选择：1、Microsoft Rererance Sans Serif:d 2、“Ms Gothic”：:3、“Ms Mincho”：:4、“Lucida Sans Unicode”：方法二：利用在线服务输入，复制并粘贴到 word 上。网址：1、：利用网络上的英语音标在线学习网页。网址：1、：利用网络在线词典，查出单词的注音，复制并粘贴到 word 上。在线词典:Giga Media,Taiwan 在线英汉词典：Merriam-Webster On-line Dictionary ：将这些音标复制下来，保存为一个专门的文档，要用时就复制过去。:音位标记（中括号）：长音符号：重音符号：次重音

13、符号：,元音：辅音：说明:网页上出现的方框”,表明该网页的显示字体库中没有相应字符,无法正常显示.Unit 1 Lesson Plan Basic Concepts:Syllables,Stress&Rhythm(教案：附要点、重点和难点)Date:Sept.16-20 Class:Classes 1,2&3,Grade 2002 Subject:English Pronunciation Practice Purpose:The students will learn some basic concepts in English pronunciation.We are going to l

14、earn something about syllables,stress and rhythm in English.At the same time,they will learn to say greetings and farewell with appropriate pronunciation and intonation in English.Objectives:Students will be able to:1.Define-in their own words a definition for“syllable”and“stressed syllable”,then a

15、definition for“rhythm”and“rhythmic pattern”;2.Compare based on the understanding of the basic concept,compare the degrees of stress and different rhythmic patterns;3.Practice imitate the typical stress patterns and rhythmic patterns in English.Resources/Materials:1.Textbook:Wang,Guizhen,An English P

16、ronunciation Course,Higher Education Press,Beijing,2000;2.Handouts:illustration of stress patterns and rhythmic pattern;3.Recordings of native speakers Activities and Procedures:1.Begin by asking the class to find out how much the students know about stress patterns and rhythmic patters in English,m

17、ake sure that it serves the purpose of stimulating the students to think about the issue and have the desire to find out the answers themselves.2.Display examples by playing the recording of the native speakers showing the typical stress patters and rhythmic patterns in English.3.Ask the students to

18、 listen to the tapes to mark out the stressed syllables in words.4.Ask the students to listen to the tapes to mark out the stressed words in sentences.5.Have the students imitate the stress patterns and rhythmic patterns to experience the rhythm in speech.6.Have the students share what they have lea

19、rned by reading out the practice materials in pairs.7.Have the students listen to the conversations recorded by native speakers of English and try to get the rhythmic patterns in their speech.8.Have the students practice the guided conversation.Ask them to pay special attention to the stress the rhy

20、thm in speech.9.Highlight the language function in the conversation in the practice.10.Have several pairs of the students present their conversation in the class.11.Comment on the students performance by highlighting the achievement of the students and the efforts they need for the improvement.12.As

21、k the students to do more practice after class and get ready for presentation during the next session.附:要点、重点和难点 Unit 1 Basic Concepts:Syllables,Stress&Rhythm In this unit,we are going to learn some basic concepts in English pronunciation.We are going to learn something about syllables,stress and rh

22、ythm in English.At the same time,we are going to learn to say greetings and farewell with appropriate pronunciation and intonation in English.First of all,lets look at the syllable in English.Please listen to the following word:driveway.Now,tell me,how many syllables there are in this word?Right.The

23、re are two.Please listen to the following sentence:Drive him away.Tell me,how many syllables there are in this sentence?Right.There are four.Introduction So.What is a syllable?A syllable is a word part and the basic unit of English rhythm.English words can have one,two,three or even more syllables.I

24、n the word driveway,there are two syllables.In the sentence Drive him away,there are four.What is a stressed syllable?In English words with more than one syllable,one of them will receive more stress than the others.Stressed syllables are those that are marked in the dictionary as stressed.For examp

25、le,in the word driveway,the first syllable is a stressed syllable while the second syllable is not.Stressed syllables in English are usually longer,louder,and higher in pitch.Listen to the following example:ba NAAAA na Syllable 1 Syllable 2 Syllable 3(short)(long)(short)The word“banana”has 3 syllabl

26、es.Syllable 1 is not stressed and so is short.Syllable 2 is stressed and so is long with a clear vowel sound/B:/.Syllable 3 is not stressed and so is also short.Here is a short summary about the stressed and unstressed syllables:Stressed syllables are strong syllables.Unstressed syllables are weak s

27、yllables.Stressed syllables:-are long-have a pitch change-have full vowel sounds.Unstressed syllables:-are short-often have a reduced vowel sound.Now lets look at the rhythm in English.We all know that correct pronunciation of the individual English sounds is important in communication.The way the s

28、ounds are organized,however,is often more crucial for understanding.The rhythm of English,for example,is one of the two major organizing structures that native speakers rely on to process speech.What is rhythm?Rhythm can be found everywhere in life:the sound of a clock,the beating of the heart,the s

29、trokes of a swimmer,and of course in poetry and music.But rhythm in language is less familiar because it is less obvious.The rhythm of a language is characterized by the timing pattern of successive syllables.In some languages,every syllable is given about the same length,while in others,syllables v

30、ary in length.In English,strong beats are called stress-the heart of the rhythmic pattern.第 1单元 基本概念：音节、重音与节奏 本单元将向大家介绍英语语音语调的基本概念,主要介绍英语语音的音节、重音和节奏规律。首先，让我们先来看看英语的音节：单词 driveway有两个音节。句子 Drive him away有四个音节。何谓“音节”？音节是一个言语单位，常常比一个语音长，但比一个单词短。一个英语单词可以有一个、两个三个或更多的音节。就像我们刚看到的单词 driveway有两个音节,句子 Drive hi

31、m away有四个音节。同时，音节又是英语发音节奏的最基本的单位。何谓“重读音节”？如果一个英语单词中拥有两个或两个以上的音节，其中一个音节会比其周围的音节要响亮些。重读音节通常在词典中有所标注。例如，单词driveway的第一个音节就是重读音节，而它的第二个音节就是非重读音节。英语中的重读音节在发音过程中往往要比非重读音节要长一些，响亮一些，同时音调也稍高一些。例如，“banana”一词有三个音节。第一个音节是非重音，所以发音所需时间比较短。第二个音节是重读，所以元音/B:/发的比较长，清晰响亮。第三个音节同样属非重音，所以发音所需时间也很短。可见，重读音节与非重读音节分别有以下特征：重读音

32、节:声音响亮 延续时间较长 音调较高 非重读音节:1.延续时间较短 2.元音发音弱化 英语话语节奏：学会发好每一个英语音素，是学好英语语音的基础，正确的发音在语言交流中非常重要。然而，语音的组合方式对于听者的理解也起着至关重要的作用。英语的话语节奏就是其中之一。何谓“英语话语节奏”？节奏在我们的日常生活中无所不在：滴答转动的钟表声，砰砰不停的心脏跳动，游泳的划水节拍，优美诗句和音乐的韵律，这些都是节奏的体现。话语节奏与前面我们所提到的日常生活中显而易见的节奏不同之处在于：语言中的话语节奏不是那么明显与绝对。语言中的节奏特征是由一连串音节的长短来体现的。有一些语言的话语特点是：每一个音节的音长呈

33、大致相同的趋势，这种音节彼此距离大致相等的现象被称为“以音节定时”节奏。汉语的话语节奏就有这样的倾向。例如，当我说：“面包加牛奶”，这里含 5个音节，所需的时间暂且定为 5个时段。如果我要说：“一片面包加一杯牛奶”，这里含 9个音节，所需的时间就是 9个时段。英语的话语节奏则显不同的趋势。例如，在“bread and milk”短语中，音节数是三个，其中“bread”与“milk”是重读音节。在“some bread and some milk”这一短语中，音节数是 5个，其中重读的也是“bread”与“milk”。虽然这两个短语的音节数不同，但是在话语中，它们所需的时间却是大致相同的，因为它们有一个共同点：重读音节数相同。这种重读音节彼此距离相等的现象就是“以重音定时”节奏。掌握这一英语话语的节奏规律。对于提高我们英语口语的流利程度和自然程度以及英语听力理解快速解码的能力至关重要。正因为