英语英语被动语态用法总结完整.docx

1、英语英语被动语态用法总结完整英语英语被动语态用法总结完整【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)一、单项选择被动语态 1A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountains for two days.Aare trapping Bhave been trapped Cwere trapping Dhad been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who _ in the mountains for two days”是定语

2、从句，修饰 two tourists，two tourists 和 trap 之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由 risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，其表达形式为 had done，被动语态的表达形式为 had been done。2(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a cold front_to arrive.Awill b

3、e expected Bis expecting Cexpects Dis expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：预计将有一股冷锋到来，因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。a cold front 与 expect 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，expect 是发生在现在的动作，要用一般现在时，故选 D项。答案：D 3一 When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?一 Not until our plan_ by the committee Awill be approved Bapproves Cis

4、 to approve Dhas been approved【答案】D【解析】这题考查时态语态，our plan和 approve是被动关系，用被动，选择 A或 D。A项是一般将来时，not until 引导的是时间状语从句，不能用将来时，可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，选 D。4Her own story _ and this book is expected to come out next week.Ahad been written Bhas been written Chad written Dhas written【答案】B【解析】句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版

5、。由句意可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选。5The singers music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.Aviewed Bhas viewed Cwas viewed Dhas been viewed【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A.viewed，一般过去式；B.was viewed 过去式的被动语态；C.has viewed，现在完成式；D.has been viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意：自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视

6、频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近 9百万次。since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 has done形式，又因 music video是被访问的，故要用被动语态。故选 D。考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。6The window is dirty.I know.It _ for weeks.Ahasnt cleaned Bdidnt clean Cwasnt cleaned Dhasnt been cleaned【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1.确定时态：这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，

7、也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2.确定语态：主语 it 与谓语 clean 为被动关系。句意：窗户很脏。我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选 D。7With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth _ each year.Ais washing away Bis being washed away Care washing away Dare being washed away【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：1.确定谓语单复数：根据 quantity的用法，

8、quantities of 和 a quantity of 后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但它们作主语时，quantities of.后面的谓语动词用复数，而 a quantity of.的谓语动词用单数，故排除 A、D项。2.确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选 D项。【名师点拨】quantities of和 a quantity of 后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；quantities of 后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；a quantity

9、 of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。1.Large quantities of money have been sent there 大量的钱已经被送到那里；A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费；2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我们；Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。8-Why dont we choose that road to save time?-The

10、 bridge to it .Ahas repaired Bis repaired Cis being repaired Dwill be repaired【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意为：我们为什么不选那条路以节省时间呢？通往那条路的桥正在维修。桥正在被维修，故用现在进行时的被动语态。答案：C 9Quantities of soil _ in the area,resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters.Ais washed away Bhave washed away Chave washed away Dhave

11、 been washed away【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了，结果导致自然灾害数量增加。句中 soil 和 wash away是被动关系，此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响，故要用现在完成时，要用现在完成时的被动语态，故选 D。10The plan for Xiongan New Area _ officially on April 1,2017.Aannounced Bwas announced Cannounces Dis announced【答案】B【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在 2017 年 4月 1日被官方宣布。计划

12、是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选 B。11Please wear your best clothes on Monday,as your class photos _ then.Awill take Bwill be taken Chave taken Dhave been taken【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服，因为那时你们班将拍照。根据语境可知，动作发生在将来，并且是被动，故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选 B。12107The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue tim

13、ely when they _in the snowstorm.Awere trapping Bwere being trapped Care trapping Dare being trapped【答案】B【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意：这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时，解放军战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的 said 判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态；根据短语“be trapped in”排除 A和 C；句中表示“被暴风雪困住的时候”，故用过去进行时的被动语态，故选 B。点睛：对时态的选择，要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上，根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态，同时关注特殊的结构。13Are

14、 the repairs finished yet?Yes,they _ when I came back home.Awould be completed Bwould complete Chad completed Dhad been completed【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。上句：修理被完成了吗？下句：是的，当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态，故选 D。14The two nurses _ 100，000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.Areward

15、ed Bwould be rewarded Chave been rewarded Dhad been rewarded【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏 100，000 元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”，可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏 100，000 元”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选 D。考点：考查时态和语态 15Only by increasing the

16、number of doctors by 50 percent _ properly in this hospital.Acan be the patients treated Bthe patients can be treated Ccan the patients be treated Dtreated can be the patients【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意为：只有增加 50%的医生，这个医院的病人才能得到恰当的医治。“only状语”放于句首时句子须用部分倒装，故选 C 项。考点:考查部分倒装 16More expressways _ in Sichuan

17、soon to promote the local economy.Aare being built Bwill be built Chave been built Dhad been built【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。根据时间状语 soon 可知，考查了将来时。英语中的时态是靠动词的变化来体现的，在具体做题时，需要关注的是时间状语。因此，考生在做本题时，需要先找出时间状语 soon，然后才能准确判断时态是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知，选项 A是现在进行时；选项B是一般将来时；选项 C 是现在完成时；选项 D是过去完成时。故选择 B

18、。17To my _，he was not a little _ at the news that he had won the first prize in the English speech contest,for he thought that he didnt perform so well.Aastonishment；astonishing Bastonished；astonishing Castonishment；astonished Dastonish；astonishment【答案】C【解析】考查 astonish 相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是,他对这个消息并不感到惊讶.to

19、 ones astonishment“使某人感到惊讶的是”；be astonished at sth.“对某事感到惊讶”。故选 C.18Every means _,but none proved _.Ahave tried;a success Bhave been tried;successfully Chas tried;to be successful Dhas been tried;successful【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查主谓一致。means 是单复数同形的名词，单复数取决于修饰词，这句话 means用 every修饰，说明是单数，谓语用单数，而且 means 和 tr

20、y是被动关系，用 has been tried，第二空的 prove 是连系动词，后面接形容词做表语。句意：每种办法都被尝试过了，但没有一个证明是成功的。选 D。19I saw Jack in the lift this morning.He around here for a long time.Awont be seen Bwasnt seen Chasnt been seen Dhadnt been seen【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据 this morning可知这是过去的事情；再根据 for a

21、long time 可知此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语 He和 see 之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选 D。20I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _ the cloth _ well.Ahave told；washes Bhave been told；washes Cwas told；washed Dhave been told；is washed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查语态时态。句意：因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗，于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，且 I与 tell 是被动关系，

22、所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词 wash 与副词 well 连用，用主动形式表示被动含义。故 B 项正确。【点睛】小题 2中考查了主动表示被动的用法，涉及“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下：1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有 taste(吃起来),sound(听起来),prove(证明是),feel(摸上去感到)等,例如:Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。2)一些与

23、 cant(不能)或 wont(不会)连用的动词。常用的有:lock(锁住),shut(关上),open（打开，营业）,close（关门）,cut（切割）,weigh（重）,act（上演）,例如:The door wont open.这门打不开。It cant move.它不能动。This shop opens much earlier than it used to.Each stone weighs 2 tons.3)一些与 well(很),easily(容易地),perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如:sell,wash,clean,burn,cook,wash,write,las

24、t,read,wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构，常表示事物内部特有的属性。例如:The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash well.这些衣服很耐洗。4)用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词,例如:This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birthday

25、gift writes smoothly.Written in simple English,this article reads easily.5)某些不及物动词，如 happen,occur,cost 以及短语，如 come out（出版）,come up（出现）,come into being（产生）come to ones mind（想起）,turn out（证明是）,come about（发生）,break out（爆发）,belong to（属于）等，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用主动形式。The first textbooks written for teaching Englis

26、h as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.Suddenly an idea came to his mind.It never occurred to me to phone you.21More than one worker _ dismissed.Ahave been Bare Chas been Dhas【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由many a,more than one单数名词构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除 A和 B，“工人”和“解雇”之

27、间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选 C。22Are you going to attend the meeting _ next Saturday?Aholding Bhold Cto hold Dto be held【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语。句意：你要参加下星期六举行的会议吗?根据 next Saturday可知，事情还未发生，the meeting和 hold 之间是一种被动关系，所以用动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语，且表示将来。故选 D。23This is one of the best films _.Athat have been shown

28、this year Bthat have shown Cthat has been shown this year Dthat you talked【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句，先行词为 the one，有最高级 the best 修饰，关系代词应该用 that，在从句中作主语，语境表明使用现在完成时，而且谓语要用第三人称单数，故 C 项正确。24Dont worry.The hard work that you do now _ later in life.Awill be repaid Bwas being repaid

29、Chas been repaid Dwas repaid【答案】A【解析】试题解析：考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语 later in life 意为在以后的生活中，可以判断为将来时态，此处要注意的是不要被前文的 now混淆，that you do now在句中充当 the hard work 的定语成分，与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意：不要担心，你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。故选 A。考点：考查时态辨析。25This kind of cloth_well and large quantities of the cloth _.Ais sold；have been so

30、ld Bis sold;has been sold Csells；have been sold Dsells;has been sold【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态语态。句意：这种布销路很好，已售出大量。sell/wash/burn 等词在表示事物的状态、特点时，可以用主动表被动，因此第一个空应选 sells；第二空表示“出售，卖”的动作，用被动语态，且强调对现在的影响应该用现在完成时态，故正确答案为 C。26Do you like the mobile game Traveling Frog?Yes,the posts about the virtual green frog _

31、 over 4 million times.Ahave read Bhave been read Cwould be read Dare reading【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：你喜欢手机游戏旅行青蛙吗？是的，关于虚拟绿蛙的帖子已经被阅读了 400多万次。The posts 和 read是被动关系，用被动语态，“已经被阅读过了”用完成时态，故选 B。27Why are you buying a new refrigerator?The old one _ so many times that its not worth it any more.Ahas repaired

32、Bis repaired Chas been repaired Dhas been repairing【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：你为什么要买一台新冰箱？旧的冰箱已经被修过很多次了，它都不值得再修了。表示现在之前的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，主语“冰箱”和“修理”是被动关系，故选 C。28The letters for the boss_ on his desk but he didnt read them until 3 days later.Awere put Bwas put Cput Dhas put【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意：给老板的那些

33、信放在他的办公桌上，但是直到三天以后他才读了那些信。letter“信件”和 put“放”之间是被动的关系，所以排除 C 和 D，然后因为letters 是复数，谓语动词用 were put,故选 A。29We didnt play football yesterday.The match_.Awas canceled Bis canceled Chas canceled Dhad canceled【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天我们没有踢足球，比赛取消了。根据句意可知，match和 cancel 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；由 yesterday可知，这是发生在过去的一件事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选 A。30It was the natural disaster,rather than human errors,that _ for the death of