轮机英语会话评估口述题参考答案翻译.docx

1、轮机英语会话评估口述题参考答案翻译轮机英语会话评估口述参考答案第一章 公共英语1. The engine room.The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating

2、system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，is the largest and most important one . The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS.1 机舱机舱是船的心脏。它通常位于船底尾部。在机舱，有很多机械和系统，例如主机，发电机，

3、锅炉，泵，制冷系统和空调系统。主机也叫做主推进装置，是最大和最重要的一个。控制系统的最新的进步导致机舱长时间没有人。那就是无人机舱。2. The engine department.There are five engineers and four motormen in the engine department on board my ship. We usually do some maintenance and repair work to keep the ship in good order. We also do some work to keep the engine room

4、 tidy and clean, such as sweeping the floor, remove the oil spilled, marking the pipes and valves with special color, etc.Working on board ship is not an easy job, so people have to cooperate well. In the engine department we get well along with each other. We are standing together regardless of sit

5、uation.2 轮机部在我们的船上有五个轮机员和四个机工。我们通常在一些保养和修理工作去保持船正常。我们也做一些工作去保持机舱整洁和干净，例如打扫地面，去除溢油，用特别的颜色标记管路和阀。3. Self-introduction My name is Yan li. I was born in 1980 in Da lian. I am unmarried but I have a beautiful girl friend. I am studying in hua yang marine school in 2008 in engineering management. I have b

6、een working on board as a motorman for about 5 years. There are three people in my family: my father my mother and I. I like play basketball and read some books .I love my family and my work. Thats all, Thanks.3自我介绍我的名字是严厉。我在1980年出生在大连。我未婚但有一个漂亮的女朋友。我在2008年在华洋水运学校轮机专业学习。我作为一个机工在船上工作了五年。我家有三口人：我父亲，母亲

7、和我。我喜欢打篮球和读书。我爱我的家庭和工作。谢谢4. Your daily work on board As the engineer officer in charge of watch, my daily work on board is as follows: I shall ensure that the main propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery and steering gear are in good order. The current operational parameters of all machinery should be

8、 observed, such as the exhaust gases temperature of main engine, the cylinder jacket outlet cooling water temperature and pressure etc. During watch, the bridge orders must be carried out right now. Any abnormal parameters in relation to the equipment should be paid attention.4 你在船上的日常工作作为一个值班的轮机员，我

9、的日常工作如下：我将确保主推进装置，辅机和舵机正常。所有机器当前的运行参数应当被观察，例如主机的排气温度，缸套出口的冷却水和压力等等。在值班期间，必须立刻执行驾驶台的命令。应当注意关于设备的任何异常的参数。5. Watch-keeping in the engine roomWhen a ship is at sea, each engineer should keep a duty-watch for 4 hours. During his duty watch, the engineer makes some tour inspection of the engine room and p

10、ut down all the figures into the engine room log book. He has to keep everything in good order. During watch, the bridge orders must be carried out right now. When his watch is finished, he should tell the relieving officer the present condition of the engine room before handing over the watch.5在机舱值

11、班当船在海上的时候，每个轮机员应当值班四小时。在他值班期间，轮机员要做一些机舱的巡视并记录所有的数据到机舱日志中。他也必须确保一切正常。在值班期间，必须立刻执行驾驶台的命令。当他完成值班，他应当在交班之前告诉接班人员机舱目前的状况。6. Could you introduce yourself?My name is . I graduated from Dalian Maritime University in 1988 with a bachelors degree in marine engineering.6 你能介绍一下你自己么？我是。我在1988年毕业于大连海事大学轮机专业第二章 机

12、舱日常事务1. Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine. (See Fig.2-1 and Fig.2-2)The main difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine include: 1) the combustion medium of a diesel engine is diesel oil or fuel oil, while that for a gasoline engine is

13、 gas oil. 2) The diesel engine is ignited through compression of hot, high pressure oil and air mixture, but the gasoline engine is ignited by electrical spark plug. 3) For diesel engine, the air and oil is mixed inside the cylinder, while for gasoline engine, they are mixed outside the cylinder.1 请

14、描述一下柴油机和汽油机的区别柴油机和汽油机的主要区别包括1）柴油机的燃烧介质是柴油或者燃油,然而汽油机的燃烧介质是汽油。2）柴油机依靠高温高压的油气混合物的压缩点燃，但是汽油机依靠电火花塞点燃。3）对于柴油机，空气和油在汽缸混合，然而汽油机，他们在汽缸外混合。2. Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from Shanghai Maritime University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him?First, I will tell

15、 the cadet the importance the engine room. Second, I should introduce the various machinery and systems in the engine room, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. Third, I will show him how to operate the various equi

16、pment and devices safely, and introduce as much safety knowledge as I can.2 小王是轮机部的实习生，毕业于上海海事大学。你如何给他介绍一下机舱。首先，我将告诉实习生机舱的重要性。第二，我将介绍一下机舱的各种机器和系统，例如主机，柴油发电机，锅炉，泵，制冷系统和空调系统。第三，我将展示给他如何安全运行各种设备和装置，并尽可能多的向他介绍一下安全知识。3. Xiao Zhang is a three-year student majoring in marine engineering from Shanghai Marit

17、ime University. How do you introduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room to him?There are many machines and devices in the engine room. They are the main engine, generators, air compressors, oil separators, boilers, pumps, all kind of coolers, valves and so on. The main engine is the larg

18、est and most important machine. It is the ships power source. Our main engine is a slow-speed, two stroke, crosshead type marine diesel engine. It consists of cylinder head, frame, bedplate and moving parts, etc. The type is MAN-B&W 6550MC with a capacity of 9550 Kw at 115 rpm. The prime mover of th

19、e generators is 6-cylinder, medium-speed, 4-stroke, trunk piston type marine diesel engine. 3 小王是上海海事大学轮机专业三年级的学生，你如何给他介绍机舱的设备和机器？在机舱有很多的机器和设备。他们是主机，发电机，空压机，分油机，锅炉，泵，各种冷却器，阀等等。主机是最大，最重要的机器。它是船舶的动力来源。我们的主机是一台低速，二冲程，十字头类型的船用柴油机。它包括汽缸盖，机架，机座和运动部件。这个类型的是在115rpm时9550kw的输出量的MAN-B&W 6550MC。发电机的原动机是6缸，中速，四冲

20、程，筒形活塞船用柴油机。4. Look at the illustration and say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine. (See Fig.2-3)The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust sha

21、ft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stern-tube bearing. The propeller consists of a boss with several blades. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ships structure.

22、4 看实图并说一下柴油机和轴系的配置柴油机的动力是通过传递系统传递给螺旋桨。传递系统的项包括各种轴，例如推力轴，一个或多个中间轴和尾轴。这些轴被推力块，中间轴承和尾轴承支撑。螺旋桨包括带有几个叶片的浆榖。推力沿轴传递给推力块并最终传递给船体。5. Look at the illustration and say something about the probability of disposal of medium-speed and high-speed diesel engine. (See Fig.2-4)When the ship is sailing at full speed,

23、it needs four engines running. When the ship is sailing at half speed, it needs two engines running. When the ship is operating at about 30%of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requirement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines or four engines accordin

24、g to the load condition. Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four engines running while it approaches the wharf, it has two engines running. 5 看实图，说说中速机和高速机布置的可能性。当船在全速航行时，它需要四台机运行。当船在半速航行的时候，它需要两台发动机运行，当船以全速的30%运行的时候，一台发动机足够满足动力要求。也就是，船能根据负荷条件来运行一台发动机，两台发动机或四台发动机。通常，当船在全速航行的时候，

25、它有四台发动机运行，当它接近港口的时候，它有两台发动机运行。6. Look at the illustration and say something about structure of the main engine. (See Fig.2-5)The structure of the main engine is as follows: the construction mainly includes bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft. The cranksha

26、ft rests in main bearings built into cross girders of the bedplate. On the top of A frames there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods. A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.6 看实图，

27、介绍一下主机的结构主机的结构如下：结构包括机座，机架，汽缸，活塞，连杆，主轴承和曲轴。曲轴安放在嵌入在机座横梁的主轴承上。在A字形机架的顶部有一个扫气箱。机座，机架和汽缸套被一个长连杆固定。一个活塞包括下部的活塞裙和上部的活塞头。7. Look at the illustration and say something about stress status of the moving parts. (See Fig.2-6)The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting

28、rod, and the crankshaft. These are all critical parts of the engine. According to the specific condition shown in the picture, the piston is under compression force, the connecting rod is under tension stress and compression force, while the crankshaft is under the torsion forces.7 看实图，说说运动部件的压力状况实图

29、显示的运动部件包括活塞，连杆和曲轴。有发动机的所有关键部件。根据如图显示的特定条件下，活塞正承受压缩力，连杆承受拉力和压缩力，然而曲轴正承受扭力。8. Look at the illustration and say the type of piston head shape in diesel engine. (See Fig.2-7)Pistons can be divided into two main classes: the crosshead type pistons and the trunk type pistons. The top surface of the crossh

30、ead piston can be flat, sunken or convex. The piston shown in the illustration is the crosshead type piston with a sunken surface. It has the advantage of increasing the air turbulence and improving the oil and air mixing quality. Its disadvantage is that the cylinder volumetric clearance will be la

31、rger.8 看实图，说说柴油机的活塞头的形状活塞能分成两种：十字头型活塞和筒状活塞。十字头活塞的顶部表面可能是平的，凹的或凸的。如图所示的活塞是凹面的十字头活塞。它有提高空气紊流和提高油和空气混合质量的优点。它的缺点是汽缸容积间隙将会变大。9. Look at the illustration and say the types of piston ring. (See Fig.2-8)The piston rings shown in the illustration has the shape of rectangle or trapezoid. Some of them are rou

32、nded on the external top or bottom edges. Among these piston rings, No.1 and No.2 are sealing rings; No. 3 and No. 4 are scraper rings, while the No.5 is a distributor ring. Generally, each piston is provided with five or six piston rings.9 看实图，说说活塞环的类型。如图所示的活塞环有矩形或梯形的。它们中有一些在外援顶部或底部边缘成倒角。在这些活塞环中，1，2 是密封环，3，4是刮油环，5是布油环。通常，每一个活塞带有五个或六个活塞环10. Please describe the lubricating mode of main engine.Large marine diesel engines of crosshead construction generally have two systems of lubrication: a totally loss system feeding the cylinders and a circulati