高考英语二轮复习考点学与练专题01 名词与冠词高考押题.docx

1、高考英语二轮复习考点学与练专题01 名词与冠词高考押题高考押题专练1When you enter a hotel, the top _ is to find out where all the available exit routes are in case you need to get out in an emergency.Aprivilege BpriorityCpreference Dprinciple【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你进入酒店时，你的首要任务是找出所有可用的出口路线，以防你需要在紧急情况下离开。priority“优先事项，首要事情”，符合句意。privil

2、ege“特权”；preference“偏爱，偏爱的事物”；principle“规范，原则”。2The health of garden plants depends on the soil _ the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air, and water.Aconstruction BconservationCcorporation Dcomposition【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：园艺植物的健康取决于土壤的组成成分矿物质、有机物质、空气和水的适当平衡。composition“构成，成分”，符合语境。con

3、struction“建造， 建筑”；conservation“保存，保护”；corporation“法人，大型公司”。3The audience burst into laughter because of the _ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.”Aslip BslideCseal Dspit【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：由于主持人的口误，观众突然大笑起来，主持人说：“女士们好，晚上和先生们。” a slip of the tongue“口误”，符合语境。slid

4、e“滑动”；seal“印章，封条”；spit“唾沫”。4Mo Yan, a most widelyread writer，takes a complete new_ to describing Chinas rural and folk culture.Away BapproachCpassage Dentry【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：莫言的作品被广泛阅读，他采用了全新的方法来描述中国的乡村民间文化。an approach to为固定搭配，相当于a way of，意为“的方法”；passage指人们行走的“通道，走廊”，不符合本句要求；entry意为“进入，进入权，入口处”，不符合

5、本句要求。5Music grows and evolves through the _ of different cultures and styles.Ainteraction BcompetitionCconnection Dinterpretation【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：音乐是通过不同文化和风格的互相影响而发展和演变的。interaction“互相影响，互相作用”；competition“竞争”；connection“联系”；interpretation“理解，演绎”。6She was admitted to college and she had to make so

6、me _ and learn to lead an independent life there.Aprogress BadjustmentCdifference Dassessment【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：她被大学录取了，因此她不得不做些调整并学会在那儿独立生活。adjustment“调整，调节”，符合语境。progress“进步”；difference“差异，不同”；assessment“评价，评估”。7The survey shows that the US is still a favorite _ for studying abroad.Aopportunity Bd

7、estinationCchallenge Dqualification【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：调查表明，美国依旧是人们出国留学最喜欢的目的地。根据句意可知，此处应填destination“目的地”，故答案选B项。8Mr. Smith, when can I go to America?Ive made a _ for you on the morning flight.Aregulation BpresentationCreservation Dcontribution【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：史密斯先生，我什么时候能去美国？我已经为你预订了一个早班飞机的座位。根据句

8、意，表示“预订”要用make a reservation。regulation“管理，规则”；presentation“展示，描述，陈述”；contribution“贡献，捐献”，均不符合句意。9Many people think that the sentence of death is too severe a(n) _ for any crime.Adefeat BtreatmentCpunishment Dinjury【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：许多人认为死刑对任何犯罪来说都是太严厉的处罚。a severe punishment表示“严厉的处罚”，故选punishment。1

9、0When asked what is the _ of happiness, different people will give different answers.Ahabit BsourceCorigin Dresource【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当被问到什么是快乐的源泉这个问题时，不同的人会给出不同的答案。habit“习惯，习性”；source“根源，来源”；origin“起源，血统”；resource“资源”。11Though spending much time on events out of their control, they felt some _ to

10、be at an advantage finally.Aamazement BreliefCcuriosity Dnervousness【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：尽管在不受他们控制的事情上花了大量时间，但最终能够处于优势让他们略感宽慰。amazement“惊讶”；relief“宽慰，轻松”；curiosity“好奇心”；nervousness“紧张不安”。12Finding information in todays world is easy.The _ is how you can tell whether the information you get is useful o

11、r not.Aknowledge BabilityCcompetition Dchallenge【答案】D【解析】句意：当今世界找信息很容易，挑战在于你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。A.知识；B.能力；C.竞赛；D.挑战，艰巨任务。故选D。13It is astonishing what you can do with chocolate if you have enough of it.Give full play to your _ and have a try!Aimagination BpuzzlementCattention Dqualification【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨

12、析。句意：如果你有足够多的巧克力，你能用它做出来的东西令人吃惊。充分发挥你的想象力去尝试一下吧！根据语境可知，此空填imagination“想象力”。puzzlement“疑惑”；attention“注意力”；qualification“资格”。14The patients family has expressed their _ to the press in letters for the money raised.Apurpose BapologiesCgratitude Dsympathy【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：病人家属在信中为收到的捐款向媒体表达了感激之情。purpos

13、e“目的”；apology“道歉”；gratitude“感激；感谢”；sympathy“同情”。15When you cast a_for others, you help them see their potential and their possibilities.Aglance BdoubtCshadow Dvision【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你为他人投射一个愿景时，你帮助他们看到自己的潜力和可能性。glance意为“一瞥”；doubt意为“怀疑”；shadow意为“影子”；vision意为“构想，设想”。根据句意可知应选D项。16The _ of cultures b

14、etween Europeans and the Romanies led to many nations taking action against them.Acooperation BsimilarityCconvention Dcollision【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：欧洲人和吉卜赛人之间的文化冲突导致了许多国家对他们采取行动。cooperation“合作”；similarity“相似处”；convention“习俗”；collision“碰撞，冲突”。根据语境可知选D项。17As is often the case, teachers _ with parents in

15、volve complaints about childrens misbehaviors and laziness in school.Aacquaintances BnegotiationsCconferences Dconsultations【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：情况经常是这样，家长会上老师抱怨孩子们在校的顽皮和懒惰。conference“会议”；acquaintance“知道，熟悉”；negotiation“协商”；consultation“请教，咨询，磋商”。18For sustainable development, the government has decid

16、ed to give _ to those energyconserving and environmentfriendly businesses in many aspects.Apermission BprofitCpreference Dphenomenon【答案】C【解析】句意：为了可持续发展，政府已经决定在各个方面给予那些节能环保的企业优惠。give preference to.“给予优先权或优惠”；permission“允许”；profit“利润”；phenomenon“现象”。19The local authorities provide every college studen

17、t this year with an annual_ of 4，000 yuan for food and tuition fees.Aaward BadmissionCallowance Dacquisition【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：今年地方当局给每个大学生每年提供4 000元作为食物和学费的补贴。allowance“补贴，津贴”，符合语境。award“奖品”；admission“承认，入场费”；acquisition“获得”。20In Beijing opera, performers are required to paint their faces in patter

18、ns and colors to help show the_and depths of the characters personalities.Adimensions BcertificatesCoccupations Dconsciences【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：在京剧里，表演者们被要求在脸上画上图案并着色，以帮助展示人物个性的广度和深度。根据句意，此处表示“广度”，所以要选dimensions。而certificate“证书”；occupation“职业，占有”；conscience“道德心，良心”，均不符合句意。21Many parents received a me

19、ssage about the class_ because of hazy days in Beijing.Ainspection BsuspensionCanticipation Dparticipation【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：在北京，许多父母都收到了由于雾霾而暂时停课的信息。A项意为“考察，视察”；B项意为“暂停，暂令停学”；C项意为“预见，预期”；D项意为“参加”。根据句意可知，B项符合语境。22As a qualified lawyer, he must always consider the best interests of his _Aclients Bcol

20、leaguesCorganizations Dcompanions【答案】A【解析】考查名词。句意：作为一名合格的律师，他必须总是考虑其委托人的最大利益。client“委托人，当事人”，符合句意。colleague“同事”；organization“机构”；companion“同伴”。23Many people tend to assume that_ just means creating something new, but actually its more than thatits an attitude of doing things.Aimitation BimaginationC

21、innovation Dinspiration【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：许多人往往会认为创新仅仅意味着创造一些新的东西，但是事实上它远不止此，它(还)是一种做事的态度。imitation意为“模仿，效仿”；imagination意为“想象，想象力”；innovation意为“创新，改革”；inspiration意为“灵感，妙计”。故选C项。24When you think of “a life without limits” you have a(n) _ to think that you can do anything.Aopportunity BsituationCtende

22、ncy Dadvantage【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。名意：当你思考“一种没有限制的生活”的时候，你会有一种觉得自己能做任何事情的倾向。tendency“倾向，趋势”。故选C。25Having a regular bedtime_is something people can do to lower their risk of becoming overweight.Aarrangement BactivityCtrend Droutine【答案】D【解析】考查名词。句意：人们可以做的是有一个规律的就寝时间，这可以降低变胖的风险。routine“常规，惯例”，符合句意。arrangeme

23、nt“安排”；activity“活动”；trend“趋势”。26A trip to the forest park is a wonderful_ of my happy childhood，when I had no end of fun with my playmates.Aadventure BcelebrationCreminder Dattraction【答案】C【解析】句意：一次去森林公园的旅行让我想起了我幸福的童年时代，那时我和我的玩伴们有无尽的快乐。A.adventure冒险；B.celebration庆祝；C.reminder 提醒，让某人想起的事；D.attraction吸

24、引力。根据题意选C。27She has a_for literature and reading classic books or articles has become part of her routine.Atalent BpassionCrequirement Dreputation【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：她酷爱文学，阅读经典书籍或文章已经成为她日常生活的一部分。talent“天赋”；passion“酷爱，热爱”；requirement“要求”；reputation“名望，声望”。28The rapid _ of our city has caused many soci

25、al and economic problems.Thats true.Our city is bigger than before, but our life isnt as quiet as before.Aexploration BexpansionCexplosion Devolution【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：我们城市的快速扩张已经引发了很多社会和经济问题。确实如此。我们的城市比以前大了，但我们的生活没有以前平静了。根据答语中的“Our city is bigger than before”可知答案选B项。exploration“探索”；expansion“扩大，扩张”

26、；explosion“爆炸”；evolution“进化”。29He was faced with the_of whether to go abroad for further study or find a job to support his family after he graduated from college.Acontrast BdifferenceCadjustment Ddilemma【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：大学毕业以后他面临着是出国继续深造还是找一份工作来养家糊口的两难境地。dilemma“(进退两难的)窘境，困境”，符合语境。contrast“对比”；di

27、fference“差别”；adjustment“调整”。30What I know is that I should sell healthy fruit to my customers, which is to say, I should follow my _Aconscience BdreamCnose Dpassion【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：我所知道的是我应该向我的顾客出售健康的水果，也就是说，我应该按良心办事。根据句意可知，conscience“良心，良知”符合语境。follow ones nose“凭直觉”。31I often have _ chat with my

28、friends on _ phone in my spare time.Aa；the Bthe；/ Cthe；the Da；/【答案】A【解析】句意为：在我闲暇时我经常和朋友们在电话里聊天。第一空have a chat with sb.为习惯搭配；第二空on the phone也为习惯搭配。故答案为A。32Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their _ to patients.Aexposure BdiscriminationCguidance Dresponse【答案】

29、A【解析】句意为：医护人员因接触病人而有被感染疾病的风险。exposure暴露，接触；discrimination歧视；guidance指导，引导；response反应，回答，答复。33If you want to see a doctor，you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a common _ in the USA.Aview BexerciseCpractice Dreality【答案】C【解析】句意为：如果你想去看医生，你要提前和他约定日期。那在美国是一种惯例。common practice意为“普遍的做法，惯例”，符合句意。34

30、In 2013，Beijing adopted an emergency _ program for air pollution.Abehavior BactionCresponse Dsituation【答案】C【解析】句意为：在2013年，北京通过了空气污染应急响应计划。emergency response应急响应。35Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team.But this time there is a(n) _.Abreak BimprovementCexception Dtradition【答案】C【解析】句意为：通常情况下，“年度最佳球员”这一头衔会给最好球