人教版英语八年级下册知识点总结.docx

1、人教版英语八年级下册知识点总结Unit 1 whats the matter?一、theme（了解）:1) Talk about health and first aid 健康与急救 2）Give advice 提建议二、知识点P11、Whats the matter with(关于) sbsth? 某人或某物怎么了？（询问健康问题或困难，麻烦等）询问问题的其他常用句型：Whats the troubleproblem with sb?Whats wrong with sb? Whats up? (口语) What happened to sb? 某人发生了什么事？Is there anyth

2、ing wrong with sb? 2、健康问题的表达：1）havehas +aan+疾病 have a coldfevercough (感冒，发烧，咳嗽)2）havehas+aan+身体 ache have a stomachachetoothacheheadache(胃疼，牙疼，头疼)3）havehas+aan sore+身体部位 have a sore backthroat (背疼，嗓子疼)4）身体部分+hurt head and neck hurt 头和脖子疼（P2）5)sb +hurt+身体部位oneself hurt yourself 伤到你自己（P4）hurt his back

3、伤到他的背(p5)6）cut oneself身体部位 cut myself切到自己（P2）7）have a heart problem心脏病 have problems breathing 呼吸困难 8）get hit 被打 get sunburned 被晒伤3、1）foot-feet on foot 步行 tooth-teeth2) She talked too much yesterday and didnt drink enough water.(1) too much, much too和too many: too much 太多，可以修饰动词和不可数名词；much too 太，修饰形

4、容词，much too cold太冷；too many 太多，修饰可数名词复数。（2）enough adv. adj. 足够的（地），充分的（地），enough修饰名词，可前可后，water enough=enough water足够的水；修饰形容词需后置，big enough足够大P24、1）lie down and rest 躺下来休息 考点lie 趟，lie-lay-lain-lying 考点：休息 rest=takehave a rest=take breaks(a break)2) hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 with 介词 带有，具有（反without）3）

5、see a dentist 看牙医 4）get an X-ray 考点5)take ones temperature 量体温51）What should I do? 考点：should 情态动词，应该，应当，用于询问，提出建议，或表达职责和义务。As a student, you should study hard. (职责，义务)You should lie down and rest. (提建议)2）sound like 听起来像 3）on the weekend 在周末 all weekend 整个周末6、You need to take breaks away from the com

6、puter. 你需要离开电脑休息。考点1）need 实意动词，需要 need+nving(被动)to do sth (需要做某事)I need your help.The trees need watering. (to be watered)树需要浇水了情态动词，need+do sth 考点2）break cn 休息，间歇 take a break=take breaks v 折断，打破7、I sat in the same way for too long without moving .我以同样的姿势一动不动地做了太久。1）in the same way 同样的方式 2）for too

7、long 太久 3）without 没有+nving8、 If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor.考点1）if引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。考点2）hurt vi 疼痛 3）go to a doctor去看医生=go to see a doctorP33a 9、1)go along沿着考点2）see sb doing sth 看到某人正在干某事（强调动作正在进行），See sb do sth 看到某人做某事（强调动作过程或经常发生）类似用法的感官动词：hearwatchnotice sb doin

8、gdo sth3）next to紧挨着，旁边 4）shout for help 呼救10、The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.公交车司机，24岁的王平，没有多想便停下了车。考点1）24-year-old，复合形容词，数词-名词（单数）-形容词，只作定语，表语用24 years old考点2)without thinking twice 没有再想，毫不犹豫 反think twice 11、He got off and asked the woman what happened?

9、他下车问那位妇女发生了什么事？考点1）get off 从、下来 get off the busplanehorseship (较大的交通工具) ，反 get on get out of the cartaxi 下车 反 get into 上车考点2）happen vi 发生，没有被动语态，（1）sth happened+地点、时间 某地或某时发生了某事（2）sth happened to sb 某人发生了某事（不好的事）（3）sb happened to do sth 某人恰巧干某事 I happened to meet him.12、He expected most or all the p

10、assengers to get off and wait for the next bus.他希望大部分或全部乘客下去等下一辆公交车。考点1）expect sb to do sth期望某人做某事 expect to do sth 期望做某事 expect that 从句2）wait for sbsth 等待某人、某物 wait for sb to do sth等待某人做某事 wait to do sth 等待做某事13、To his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。考点1）surprise n 惊讶 to

11、ones surprise 让某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地 v 使惊奇考点2）agree to do sth 同意做某事 agree with sb 同意某人的观点 agree on sth 就某事达成一致We agreed on the price. 我们就价格达成了一致。14、Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.多亏王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了老人。考点1）Thanks to+n.pron. 多亏，=with the help of thanks f

12、or 因、而感谢考点2）was saved 被动语态 waswere+动词的过去分词（被动语态的一般过去时）考点3）in time 及时 on time 准时15、1)help others 帮助 2）think about 考虑 3）hit-hit-hit 4)right away 立刻，马上=at once 考点5）get into trouble 陷入困境，惹麻烦 be in trouble困境中 have trouble doing sth做某事有困难P416、1）反身代词：单数：myself, yourself ,himself, herself, itself 复数：ourselv

13、es, yourselves, themselves 反身代词的用法：（1）作主语同位语I made dinner myself. 我自己做的晚饭。（2）作动词的宾语：hurt, cut, enjoy, help, hurt, teach, dress, look after等Did you hurt yourself playing soccer? (现在分词短语作时间状语)2）fall down 摔倒 P517、1）Someone felt sick.有人生病了。考点:sick adj. 生病的，有病的， 可以做表语和定语，be sickill 生病 sick kids 生病的孩子2）te

14、ll sb (not) to do sth P618、考点1）have problemstroubledifficulty doing sth 做某事有困难（反have no problem doing sth）2）be interested in+ndoing sth 对、感兴趣 19、As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks .作为登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。考点1）be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事I used to stay up late, but Im used

15、 to going to bed early.我过去常常熬夜，但是现在习惯早睡了。考点2）risk cn. 危险，风险 take a risk=take risks 3)one of+cn复数 、之一4）because of +nprondoing(短语) 因为、 because+句子20、He found himself in a very dangerous situation.发现自己处在非常危险的境地。考点1）find+sbsth(宾语)+adj.介词短语现在分词（宾补）考点2）in a very dangerous situation 处于非常危险的境况3）was caught 被动

16、语态 4）by himself=alone 自己21、He could not free his arm.他无法使胳膊挣脱 考点：free v 使自由，释放 adj.空闲的，自由的，免费的22、But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但当他的水喝完时，他知道必须做些什么来自己的生命。考点1）run out和run out of:用尽，耗尽=use up ,run out of人作主语，run out物作主语His water ran out. = H

17、e ran out of his water.考点2）save ones life 挽救某人生命23、He was not ready to die that day. 他不想那天就。1）be ready to do sth 准备好做某事2）die v-death(s) n-dead 死的 dying 垂死的3）knife-knives 4)cut off 切除24、With his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 他用左臂包扎了自己以便不至于失血过多。考点1）so that 以便，

18、为了，=in order that 引导目的状语2）lose too much blood 失血过多25、This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of .这意思是处于一个你似乎没法摆脱的困难之中。考点1）mean v 意思是，打算，意欲 mean to do sth 打算做某事 meaning n 2)seem to do sth 似乎做某事 考点3）get out of 离开，从、出来，（摆脱）26、Aron tells of the importance of making good

19、 decisions, and of being in control of ones life .阿伦讲述了正确选择和自己掌握命运的重要性。1）tell of 讲述，叙述2）importance un 重要性 important adj. 重要的 3）decision cn 决定 decide v make a decision to do sth= decide to do sth 决定做某事考点4）be in control of 掌管，管理 （反 be out of control）27、考点1）so+adj.+that 如此、以至于 引导结果状语从句考点2）keep on doing

20、 sth 继续做某事 P6 28、1）mind doing sth 介意做某事2）give up (doing sth) 放弃Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks一、theme（了解）topic: Volunteering and offer help ,志愿服务，提供帮助1）clean up the city parksstreet 2) give out food at the food bank3) Visit the sick kids; teach kids 4) Work in an old peoples home (2d)5) V

21、olunteer at animal hospital; after-school reading program (3a)6)give money 捐钱 （2b）二、语法：动词不定式和动词短语一）动词不定式1、结构：to+动词原形或不带to2、特点：在句中除了不能作谓语，其他均可。3、句法功能：1）主语：常用it作形式主语，不定式为真正的主语It is important to keep fit. =To keep fit is important.2)宾语：（1）直接宾语：想，喜欢，希望:want, like, love, would like, hope, expect; 决定同意开始学

22、习：decide, choose, agree-refuse, begin, start, learn; forget-remember, 需要计划：need, plan.Ill help to clean up the city parks。（宾语）(2)宾补：tell,ask,advise,want,wish,allow,order，teach等She asked me to say sorry. 她让我道歉。（3）用it作形式宾语：I thinkfind、+it+adj.+to do sth I find it hard to learn English.3)表语：My dream is

23、 to become a scientist.,4)定义：I have something to eat.我有些吃的东西。5）状语4、否定：not+to do 5、疑问词（what,who,which, where,when how,）+to do 作宾语I dont know what to say. 我不知道说什么。6、不带to的不定式：1）had better 最好2）why not, why dont you为什么不 3）使役动词let, have和make4)感官动词feel, see, watch, notice, hear.二）动词短语：结构1）动词+副词（away, back,

24、 in, out, off, up, down，over等），宾语为代词时，代词放中间。Clean up 2)动词+介词（for, about, of, after, from, to, with, at, with等）care for 3)动词+副词+介词 come up with 4)动词+名词：take risks5)动词+名词+介词：take care of P91、考点1）clean up 打扫干净 考点2）volunteer n 志愿者，义工； v 志愿做，义务做 volunteer to do sth 义务做某事考点3）help (sb to) do sth=help (sb)

25、with sth 帮助（某人）做某事2、The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 1)could 可以， 委婉地提建议2）sick kids 生病的孩子（sick作定语）3）to cheer them up, 动词不定式作目的状语，考点：cheer up 使高兴（代词放中间）4）give out 分发（=hand out）,散发P10 3、1）come up with 想出，提出（plan, idea）=think up2)put off+ doing sth 推迟做某事3）put up 张贴，搭建

26、 4）notice cn 通知,布告make some notices un 注意 v 注意 notice sb do(做，强调过程)doing( 正在做) sthI noticed him enter the room. 我注意到他进了房间。I noticed his hand shaking. 我注意到他的手正在抖。1）hand out 分发 6）call up 打电话，召集 7）ask sb to do sth 4、1）make a plan to do sth=plan to do sth 计划做某事2）help (sb) out with (sth) 帮助（某人）做某事（摆脱困境）3

27、）used to do sth 过去常常做某事 否定didnt use to do 5、lonely和alone: lonely adj.孤独的，寂寞的；alone 独自的（地） adj. adv,He lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.6、listen to them and care for them 1)动词+介词 2）care for 照顾 =take care of, look after，非常喜欢care about 关心，在意P117、1）give up+ n.pron.doing 放弃2）each ,every: each 形容词，每

28、个的 代词 每个 each(代词) of my eyes Every adj. 每个的 every one of my fingers固定搭配：not every 并非每个 each other 互相3）help others 帮助别人8、I want to learn more about how to care for animals. 但是我想更多了解如何照顾动物。1）want to do sth 2)learn about 了解，知道，考点3）how(疑问词)+to do 作宾语9、I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I s

29、ee the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces. 当我看到动物们变好和他们主人脸上喜悦的表情，我产生那么一种极强的满足感。1）get 实意动词，得到，产生；系动词，变得 get better 考点2)such+aan+形容词+cn单数=so+形容词+aan+cn单数 so strong a feeling Such+形容词+cn复数un 3)feeling cn 感觉 4）satisfaction n 满足 satisfy v 满足5）joy n enjoy v enjoyable adj.6)owner

30、n 主人（所有者）own v 拥有 adj. 自己的7）see sbsth do sth 看到某人、某物正在做某事10、she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.她决定参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者选拔。1）decide to =do sth决定某事= make an decision to do sth 考点2）try out for 选拔，尝试3）learn to do sth 学习做某事4）go on a journey=take a journey 去旅行11、Volunteering here

31、 is a dream come true for me.1)现在分词短语作主语，谓语单数。2）come true 实现，主语通常是愿望，梦想等。12、I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.1)what引导的宾语从句，用陈述语序。2）love to do sth 3)at the same time 同时P1212、1）be busy with sth 忙于某事 at least 至少2）try to do sth 努力做某事，试图做某事3）homeless adj. 无家可归的 n+less=adj. hopeless useless 4）be worried about sth 担心某事=worry about 13、few, a few, little, a little: 可数名词：few(否定 )，a few(肯定)；不可数名词：little(否定)，a little(肯定)14、考点1）ra