四川省雅安市高考英语阅读理解金榜题名基础训练4及答案 高考.docx

1、四川省雅安市高考英语阅读理解金榜题名基础训练4及答案 高考四川省雅安市2014高考英语阅读理解金榜题名基础训练（4）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The $ 11 billion self help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “ I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” But was positive thinking

2、advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply stress how unhappy they are.The stud

3、ys authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is too positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your stupid friend th

4、at he has the potential of an Einstein, youre just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the authors were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even wors

5、e about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students self-respect. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell the

6、mselves, I am lovable.Those with low self-respect didnt feel better after the forced self-affirmation(自我肯定). In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who werent urged to think positive thoughts.The paper provides support for newer forms of psychoth

7、erapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Instead, meditation (静思) techniques can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic way. Call it the power

8、of negative thinking.41. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry? A. It was established by Norman Vincent Peale. B. It is a highly profitable industry. C. It is based on the concept of positive thinking.D. It has provided positive results.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。原文定位于首段第一句“The

9、$ 11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right”into positive ones like “I can succeed.”选项中的based on与文中的built on同义。42. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers? A. There can be no simple treatment for psychological pr

10、oblems. B. The power of positive thinking is limited. C. Unhappy people cannot think positively.D. Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good.【答案】D 【解析】原文定位为第二段：“Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think mo

11、re positively can actually have opposite effect;”之后，作者在下一段又再次强调了这一观点“older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse , not better.” cause of a tragedy与选项中的cause of the crash一致。抓住关键词“opposite effect；feel worse , not better”，答案即可一目了然

12、。43. What does the author mean by youre just underlining his faults (Para. 3)? A. You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent. B. You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough. C. You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.D. You are pointing out the errors he has committ

13、ed.【答案】A【解析】与答案较为相近的是选项D。本题关键是正确理解文章中两个单词“underline（加强，强调）”与“dim（迟钝的，愚笨的）”。选项D中的point out是“指出”之意，与文章中的underlining意思不符。44. It can be inferred from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic that_. A. It is important for people to continually boost their self-respect. B. Self-affirmation can bring a po

14、sitive change to ones mood. C. Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-respect.D. People with low self- respect seldom write down their true feelings.【答案】C【解析】原文定位于第五段Those with low self-esteem didnt feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned

15、significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who werent urged to think positive thoughts。抓住关键词“didnt feel better；darker”。45. What do we learn from the last paragraph? A. People can avoid making mistakes through meditation. B. Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherap

16、y. C. The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.D. Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.【答案】B【解析】原文定位于最后一段。作者在最后一段提出了新的心理疗法，建议人们接受消极思维，而不要一味用积极思维去反抗。In contrast这一短语的应用，说明meditation是积极思维的对立面，即消极思维的一种方式。只有把自己的不足放到更广泛、更现实的层面去思考，才会大事化小，小事化了。选项A中的内容文中并未提及。阅读理解 For te

17、n years Jo Eddings felt that she had been banging her head against a brick wall. “I cant describe my frustration. I felt so helpless,” she says. “What I wanted was the help with my very bright daughter who had a problem with language.” She was slow to learn to talk and at 9 her reading and writing w

18、ere still poor. “We took her to psychologists and all sorts of experts, but for years nobody seemed to be able to give us a proper diagnosis or know what to do.” But that changed this month when she heard a radio program about an exhibition called Genes Talking at the Institute of Contemporary Arts

19、(ICA) in London. It was about a research project to discover a gene lined with a condition known as specific language impairment. “As soon as I heard it I knew that this was what Id been looking for,” she says. “I wasnt alone; I wasnt mad. There was someone who understood my daughter.” SLI covers sp

20、eech and grammar problems suffered by children, the most familiar of which is dyslexia (诵读困难). About 8 percent of children are recognized as dyslexic. But a similar number may be suffering from other forms of SLI and are not recognized. The condition is the failure of different parts of the brain to

21、 deal with speech and language, and different failures manifest (表明) themselves in different ways. The scientist involved in the ICA project was Professor Heather van der Leiy, the director of the Centre for Developmental Language Disorders and Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London, an

22、d a leading expert on SLI. “If we can find a genetic link, it will provide the kind of hard evidence that this is a genuine problem, which is needed if we are to cure the disease,” she says.1. The underlined part in the first paragraph probably means Jo Eddings couldnt _. A. understand her daughter

23、and was very sad B. help her daughter out of trouble and felt helpless C. afford to treat her daughters disease and felt sad D. find where to treat her daughters disease and felt ashamed 答案解析：答案为B。本题为句意推测题。从划线部分后文 “I cant describe my frustration. I felt so helpless,” she says. “What I wanted was the

24、 help with my very bright daughter who had a problem with language.”可知，Jo Eddings 对于女儿的疾病感到沮丧、无助，他非常需要帮助。故答案为B。由第二段首句 “We took her to psychologists and all sorts of experts”可推测，他们带着女儿看了许多心理医生和各种专家，应该有能力支付治疗费用，故C选项错误。A选项和D选项的 “felt ashamed” 与文意不符。2. Jo Eddings was pleased when she _. A. visited and e

25、xhibition called Genes Talking B. heard a radio program about an exhibition C. discovered a gene linked with her daughters problem D. was given a proper diagnosis of her daughters illness.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第二段 “But that changed this month when she heard a radio program” 可知，答案为B。3. Which of the follo

26、wing is TRUE according to the passage ? A. Jo Eddings daughter was lonely and mad. B. Dyslexia is an unknown problem among the public. C. “SLI” stands for Specific Language Impairment. D. Jo Eddings daughters illness was cured at last.答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第二段 “It was about a research project to discove

27、r a gene lined with a condition known as specific language impairment.” 和第三段首句 “SLI covers speech and grammar problems suffered by children, the most familiar of which is dyslexia.”可以推断，C选项正确。 由第二段倒数第二句话 “I wasnt alone; I wasnt mad.” 可知，选项A错误。由第三段 “About 8 percent of children are recognized as dysle

28、xic.” 可知，B选项错误。D选项未提及。4. On which column can we read the above passage in a newspaper? A. Education News. B. Health News. C. Business News. D. Economy News. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。结合全文和最后一段研究SLI的专家描述 “If we can find a genetic link, it will provide the kind of hard evidence that this is a genuine problem,

29、which is needed if we are to cure the disease,” 可推断，Jo Eddings的女儿的疾病属于基因问题，和健康有关，故答案为B。阅读理解课堂练学案（10）Passage Six (Equality of opportunity in the twentieth Century Has Not Destroyed the Class System) These days we hear a lot of nonsense about the great classless society. The idea that the twentieth ce

30、ntury is the age of the common man has become one of the great clichs of our time. The same old arguments are put forward in evidence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a system of government has been completely discredited. The monarchies that survive have been deprived of all political power. Inh

31、erited wealth has been savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the great fortunes will disappear altogether. In a number of countries the victory has been complete. The people rule; the great millennium has become a political reality. But has it? Close examination doesnt bear out the claim. It is

32、 a fallacy to suppose that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if you provide everybody with the same educational opportunities. (It is debatable whether you can ever provide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is another question.) The fact is that nature dispenses brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The old rules of the jungle, survival of the fittest, and might is right are st