状语从句原因和目的状语从句 教案.docx

1、状语从句原因和目的状语从句 教案状语从句原因和目的状语从句适用学科英语适用年级初中二年级适用区域北京 课时时长（分钟）60知识点状语从句（3）原因和目的状语从句教学目标掌握原因和目的状语从句的用法教学重点原因和目的状语从句的用法教学难点原因和目的状语从句的用法一、复习预习 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 2、知识讲解知识点：【考查点1

2、】 原因状语从句是用来说明引起主句这个结果的原因的从句，在初中阶段引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要的有because, as, since,for，seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)，in that等：The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因洗得不得法而缩水。I cant get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。Since As weve no money, we cant buy it. 由于我们没钱，我们无

3、法购买它。Seeing that its raining, wed better stay indoors. 既然外边在下雨，我们最好待在室内。Now that you are here, youd better stay. 你既然来了，最好还是留下吧(既来之，则安之)。【注】除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外，when有时也可引导原因状语从句(when表示“既然”)I wont tell you when you wont listen. 既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。原因状语从句应注意的问题 1、because , since , as , for,辨析1）becaus

4、e语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。 I didnt go, because I was afraid. Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。例： He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must be ill, for he i

5、s absent today. 3） as和for的区别：通常情况下，as引导的从句在主句前，for引导的从句在主句后。例： As the weather is cold, I stay at home.（同义句） I stay at home, for the weather is cold. 2、because习惯上不与so连用 汉语习惯上说“因为所以”，但英语习惯上却不能将 so与because 连用： 正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home. 误：Becaus

6、e it was raining, so we stayed at home. 因为下雨，所以我们呆在家里。 3、because 从句与 because of短语的转换 Because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 短语转换，because of后加的原因可以为好或坏 ，但最正规的还是because。He cant come because he is ill. / He cant come because of his illness. 他因病不能来。 I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said n

7、othing about it because of his wifes being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。常见考法 对于原因状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。典型例题：He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. and B. for C. but D. or 解析： “his eyesight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly diffi

8、cult to read”的原因， 因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句。答案： B误区提醒 除了because , since , as , for这四个词的辨析外，对于because 从句与 because of短语的区分也是难点之一。Because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 短语转换，because of后跟的是短语 ，because后跟的是句子。典型例题：He didnt go to work the heavy rain. A .because B.because of C.so D.since解析：题干的意思是“ 由于那场大雨，他没有去上班”，

9、the heavy rain.表示原因，排除C； since和because 表示原因，后面跟的是从句，也就是说必须是一个完整的句子，本题中the heavy rain没有主语和谓语，.只是一个短语，所以排除A和C；because of表示“由于”，后跟名词、代词或短语。答案：B【考查点2】 目的状语从句用来说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的的从句叫做目的状语从句。 表示目的状语的从句可以由 that(以便)，so that(以便)， in order that(为了;以便)，Lest(免得;唯恐)， for fear that(生怕;以免)等词引导;目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might,

10、can, could, should, would等情态动词。例如：You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.学习目的状语从句应注意以下两点：(1)目的状语从句中常含有can,could,may,might,should等情态动词。例如：I got up early so

11、 that I could catch the first bus. 我起得很早，目的是为了赶上头班公共汽车。(2)在口语中so可以引导目的状语从句。例如：Well sit nearer the front so we can hear better. 我们坐的靠前一点，因此，我们听得清楚一点。1、in order that与in order to的区别：in order that+从句 in order to+动词原形( in order to后面加的那个不叫目的状语从句，叫目的状语) 例如：He got up early in order to take the first bus.= H

12、e got up early in order that he could take the first bus.(他起床很早是为了赶上第一班公共汽车)目的状语从句的一个特点：由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态，比如上面句中的could。当然还可以用will,would,can,等 。2、so that既可引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。1)其引导结果状语从句时，so that翻译为“以至于.”，经常可以和so/such.that.转换，且从句只能放在主句之后。如：He got up late so that he was late for school. =

13、 He got up so late that he was late for school.2)其引导目的状语从句时，从句只能放在主句之后，此时可以和in order that换用。如：He got up early so that he could take the first bus. = He got up early in order that he could take the first bus.常见考法对于目的状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。典型例题：Ann listened carefully _ she could discover

14、 what she needed.A. such that B. in order that C. because D. even though解析：题干的意思是“为了能够发现自己需要的东西，安认真听讲”。很明显从句表示的是目的。such that本身是错误短语，because 表示原因，even though是“尽管”的意思，不符合题意。答案：B误区提醒 如何区别目的状语从句中的so that与结果状语从句中的so that的用法，这是我们需要注意的。目的状语从句的so that是连着的，结果状语从句是分开的，即sothat. so that是目的状语从句，是为了什么什么，有目的的含义。而s

15、othat是结果状语从句，是“如此怎么怎么样结果是什么”。仔细体会一下吧!典型例题：I get up so early I can not be lateA. that B . so that C.such that D.in order解析：题干的意思是“我起床如此早以便于我可以不迟到”。从句表示目的，首先排除C，因为such that本身是错误短语，在排除in order，因为它后面不能跟句子;因为句子中有so,所以大家可能选A，如果选它，那句子的意思是“我起床如此早结果我可以不迟到”，显然说不通，所以排除。答案： B三、例题精析【例题1】【题干】 _ youve got a chance

16、, you might as well make full use of it. A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as【答案】 A【解析】主句与从句之间存在因果关系， 且“youve got a chance”表示一个显而易见的 原因， 因此应选用表原因的now that。【例题2】【题干】 He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. and B. for C. but D. or【答案】B【解析】 “his ey

17、esight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly difficult to read”的原因， 因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句。【例题3】【题干】 A man cannot smile like a child, _ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. A. so B. but C. and D. for【答案】D【解析】 下划线处之后的句子补充说明“a man cannot smile like a ch

18、ild”的原因， 应选 用for表原因。 四、课堂运用【基础】 填入恰当的连词 1. I didnt go to school yesterday _ I was ill. 2. _ everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. 3. _ you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. 4. I asked her to stay to tea, _ I had something to tell her.【巩固】 5. _your father is well again, you no lon

19、ger have anything to worry about. 6. The day breaks, _the birds are singing. 7. _ you are ill, youd better go to see the doctor. 8. _ she was late for class, she had to say sorry.【拔高】 9. I think that you had better get up earlier _ you can get to class on time. A. in order B. so that C. such that D.

20、 that 10. _ understand how the human body works, you need to have some knowledge of chemistry. A. In order to B. So as to C. In order that D. So that 11. _ no man might enter, the servant locked the door. A. That B. So that C. In order that D. In order to答案与解析 1.because 2. Since 3. As 4. because 5.S

21、ince 6. for 7.Since 8.As 9. B 10.A 11. C课程小结 because, as, since和now that的区别：1、because：“因为”，表示直接的原因，语气最强。1）why提问的句子，必须用because回答。2）because的从句常放在主句之后。3）because 不能与so连用。4）because+ 从句；because of+ 名词短语2、as：“因为”，语气较弱，一般放在主句前，中间用逗号隔开，表示的是明显的原因。3、since/now that：“既然”，一般放在主句前，中间用逗号隔开，表示的是明显的原因或众所周知的事实。C、for 引

22、导的并列句与原因状语从句的辨析：并列连词for“因为”，引导的不是从句，而是并列分句，只能放在主句之后，不能放在句首，常用逗号把它和前面的分句隔开。对主句补充说明理由或推断原因。课后作业【基础】 填入恰当的连词 1. _ you do not understand, I will explain again. 2. _ Jane was the oldest in this family, she had to look after the others. 3. He must be ill, _ he is absent today. 4. The teacher must be stric

23、t with you _they want you to make great progress.【巩固】 5. _ all the passengers are here, why dont we start at once? 6. Bill wont make any progress _ he doesnt study harder than before. 7. He might have gone to bed, _ the light went out. 【拔高】 8. Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report _

24、her boss could read it first next morning. A. so that B. because C. before D. or else 9. They worked hard _ they could finish their work ahead of time. A. so B. so that C. such that D. so as to 10. I wrote it down _ I should forget it. A. in case of B. in case C. as if D. in order that答案与解析 1.since 2. As 3.fo 4.because 5. Since 6. Because 7.for 8.A 9. B 10. B 课后评价