新高考读后续写写作方法技巧指导 教师版.docx

1、新高考读后续写写作方法技巧指导 教师版学科教师讲义学员姓名： 年 级： 辅导科目： 学科教师： 授课日期授课时段授课主题读后续写教学目标掌握读后续写的常见方法；句式的丰富性在读后续写中的体现；教学重难点句式的丰富性在读后续写中的体现；教学内容读后续写 写作过程中，不断进行词汇的高级替代和句式的升级是提高写作水平的一个重要途径。 考试说明对读后续写题型的表述如下：提供一段350词以内的语言材料，要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语和所标示关键词进行续写（150词左右），将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。因此，考生需要在达成限制性要求的前提下，展开合理的想象进行续写，创造

2、性地完成一个故事。高中英语高考考试说明给出的读后续写评分标准主要涵盖以下四个方面：（1）所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；（2）内容的丰富性和对所给关键词语的覆盖情况；（3）应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；（4）上下文的连贯性。第五档： 21-25第四档： 16-20第三档： 11-15第二档： 6-10第一档： 1-5读后续写的阅读材料一般以350词以内的记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，偶有少量议论文。考生要在此文的后面续写约150词左右的文字与前文构成一个完整的故事。一般来说，记叙文浅显易懂，但故事情节多曲折动人，故事线索的逻辑性也较强。要求考生续写的部分多是故事发展的高潮或结局。情节曲折跌宕，

3、线索性和逻辑性较强。考生要抓住故事的叙事线索，依据原文的写作思路续写文章，并适当发散。写作要求考生在读懂原文的基础上，在规定时间内展开合理的想象，并运用所学的英语知识完成一篇约150词左右的续写。原文给出10处左右的标有下划线的关键词语，所续写短文应使用5个以上。续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已经给出。考生所续写的部分要有创新性，不是原文的抄写或胡编乱造，同时，还要带有原文色彩(必须使用原文5处以上的关键词语)。读后续写不是随心所欲地写，而是要在所给段落开头和所标出关键词的帮助下完成续写部分(150词左右)。其中，段落开头语与传统写作中的开头语类似，在某种程度上引导你的思路向某个方面发展，所续写

4、部分不能脱离各自的段落开头语另起炉灶，要在其基础上进行拓展发挥。读后续写要求读写并重，需要考生对给定材料精确理解，这样所续写部分才不至于偏离主题，就这方面而言，读后续写有点类似阅读理解题中对文章后续发展的推断，如：What would happen next?续写部分的思路和内容并不一定是唯一的，考生可根据自己对上文材料的理解，对文章的结尾做出不同的诠释。一、读后续写过程中存在的问题：续写内容与所给短文在叙述意图上不一致续写内容与所给短文在相关细节上相矛盾续写内容与所给短文在语篇结构上不连贯二、读后续写的具体要求：(一)语言的丰富性词汇、句式、语法的多样性句式结构：简单句，复合句以及强调句、倒

5、装句等特殊句式的使用情况。语法结构：主被动语态、非谓语动词、独立主格结构、with的复合结构、虚拟语气的使用情况。词汇选择：常见初级词汇、高级词汇，以及不同词性的使用情况。修辞手法：比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞格的使用情况。（三）动词使用的丰富性例：1. Make your “say” more specific.firmly/excitedly/seriously/jokingly/sincerelyin great surprise/a low voice/a soft voicewith delight/excitement/embarrassment/pride/respect/alarm/

6、satisfaction/caution/ patience/certainty2. Make your narration more vivid with appropriate movement.eyes stare / glare at / look her in the eye / with her eyes shining/ filled with tearsHis eyes sparkle with excitement/ gratitudehandspat him on the shoulder/headgrasp/hold ones handspoint to sb/sth w

7、ave his handsheadnod/shake his head violentlyHe thought for a moment三、续写方法1精读所给阅读材料，理清文章脉络并明确作者的论点，确定文章主旨。2寻求前文与续写段段首句之间的内在联系，站在作者的角度，设计并发展情节，想象要合理，情节要连贯。3后续情节一般为故事的高潮或延续，是原作者声音的延续、态度的延伸，因此，要尽量符合原文思路，并求得与读者的心理共鸣，让读者回味无穷。4续写时心态要端正，所续写内容要积极、健康向上，把事物美好的一面展示出来。5利用自己已有的知识和经验，在继承原作者风格和语言基础之上，准确、地道地表达，充分展示

8、语言的表现力。提高关联词与过渡语的使用率，增强整句表现力。6如果所给短文为议论文，那么议论文中的段落首句多为主题句，观点鲜明。续写时，要围绕段落分论点确定论证方法，如正反对比、例证等。读仿迁移续写过程中，在遇到语言表达障碍时，可鼓励学生借鉴、使用阅读材料中出现的词句。模仿阅读材料中的词语句型，表达自己创造的内容。在读后续写题型中仿写所给短文中的语言结构这一策略是可行的，而且是被提倡的。2016年10月英语高考读后续写作文阅卷老师的反馈，本次高考续写作文中涌现了不少仿写得比较好的句子，成了作文的一个亮点，吸引了老师的目光。例如：仿写句：The more she thought of her be

9、havior， the more regretful she became.原句：The further she walked， the more confused she became.仿写句：Never in her life had she missed her husband so much.原句：Never in her life had she tasted anything better.仿写句：If only she had not left her husband.原句：If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag

10、 with Tom.仿写句：Jane walked for a long time， hungry and exhausted.原句：Jane rose at the break of day， hungry and thirsty.仿写句：Feeling extremely frightened， Jane nearly wanted to give up.原句：Feeling stronger now， Jane began to walk along the stream and hope it would lead her to the lake.在上述例子中，考生通过仿写，尝试了丰富

11、的语法结构，包括倒装句、虚拟语气、形容词做状语和非谓语动词等，不仅较好地完成语言交际功能，而且在一定程度上延续了阅读材料的语言特点。1.“改头换面”型句式迁移该类型是指模仿阅读材料中的丰富句式，表达自己创造的内容。因此，可以通过仿写来延续阅读材料的语言特点，使得原文和后续更为融洽。例如，记叙文常用非谓语动词、倒装句和动词串联，如下：原句1：Id often gone shopping with my mother， but never had I shopped for anything all by myself.仿写句1：Out came Bobby Decker.（倒装句）原句2：For

12、 a few moments I just stood there， confused， holding that ten-dollar bill， wondering what to buy and who to buy it for. 仿写句2：Unwrapping the gift， he looked very astonished and immediately called his mother to go out.（非谓语动词）原句3：The nice lady smiled at me， put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry C

13、hristmas.仿写句3：I took a deep breath， dashed for his front door， threw the Christmas present down on his step， pounded his doorbell and flew back to the safety of the bushes and Grandma.（动词串联）通过创造性地模仿和使用语言，学习者马上运用新学到的词语句式，不仅容易掌握，而且容易产生成就感，增强英语学习兴趣和动力。我们应充分肯定学生用阅读材料中的语言来表达新内容。2.“原封不动”型素材迁移该类型是指将平时积累的语言

14、素材原封不动地迁移运用到作文当中，它要求学生在平时阅读时勤于积累、善于分类。一篇优秀的记叙文少不了具体、丰富的细节描写。细节描写是为刻画人物、表达中心服务的，因此，围绕原文主题来具体描写就成了人物刻画的关键。而这恰恰是学生的续写盲区，描写性语言显得苍白无力。所以，学生必须坚持积累，一读到生动具体的细节描写就及时摘记；同时必须合理分类，可以按照描写种类整理，如肖像描写、心理描写、行动描写、语言描写和环境描写，例如以下摘记：行为描写：The boys in the class were making animal noises， hitting each other while the girls

15、 filed their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasnt happening， and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions.心理描写：My boss， sitting in the back of the room， seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without

16、crying.其中，心理描写又可细分为决心、关心、轻松、生气、害怕、悲伤、疲劳等类别，例如以下摘记：All through high school he never missed a practice nor a game even if he remained a benchwarmer.（决心）The news that he had survived the cut thrilled him so much that he rushed to the nearest phone and called his father. （兴奋）Swallowing hard， he mumbled

17、to the coach， “My father died this morning. Is it all right if I miss practice today？”（悲伤） (2016浙江卷10月)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。One weekend in July, Jane and her husband, Tom, had driven three hours to camp overnight by a lake in the forest. Unfortunately, on the way an unpleasant subject came

18、up and they started to quarrel. By the time they reached the lake, Jane was so angry that she said to Tom，“Im going to find a better spot for us to camp”and walked away.With no path to follow, Jane just walked on for quite a long time. After she had climbed to a high place, she turned around, hoping

19、 to see the lake. To her surprise, she saw nothing but forest and, far beyond, a snowcapped mountain top. She suddenly realized that she was lost.“Tom！”she cried.“Help！”No reply. If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom. Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked, the more co

20、nfused she became. As night was beginning to fall, Jane was so tired that she had to stop for the night. Lying awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much to be with Tom and her family. She wanted to hold him and tell him how much she loved him.Jane rose at the break of day, hungry and thirsty. She cou

21、ld hear water trickling(滴落) somewhere at a distance. Quickly she followed the sound to a stream. To her great joy,_ she also saw some berry bushes. She drank and ate a few berries. Never in her life had she tasted anything better. Feeling stronger now, Jane began to walk along the stream and hope it

22、 would lead her to the lake.As she picked her way carefully along the stream, Jane heard a helicopter. Is that for me? Unfortunately, the trees made it impossible for people to see her from above. A few minutes later, another helicopter flew overhead. Jane took off her yellow blouse,_ thinking that

23、she should go to an open area and flag them if they came back again.注意：1所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：But the helicopter didnt come back again, and the day became darker. _Paragraph 2：Jane woke up at the daybreak. _写作指导步骤1概括已知信息：标明核心词

24、、核心句，梳理语篇内容的推进方向。故事主线：驱车野营生嫌隙，迷失山林心焚急；挨饿恐惧度长夜，两架飞机失机会。已知线索：吵架出走迷路失联自救思念寻路直升机飞离步骤2按人物、环境、情节动词等分类划线词。KindsUnderlined key words and phrasesCharacterJane, TomActionwalked, climbedPlacelake, streamConcrete Thingshelicopter, yellow blouseAbstractTo her great joy, at a distance步骤3紧扣语境构思情节，分析：1据第一段开头“darker

25、”可知，_。2据第二段开头“woke up”可知，_。3第二段情节可能：_。可续写线索：失望？坚信？曲折？直升机？Tom？自救？获救？话题激活词汇：环境：forest, stream, rock, berry, valley, steep, cave, lake, waterfall(人口、环境与自然)困难：hunger，starve，thirsty，injure，broken，blood，panic，shelter，survive(survival)，suffer，cold，severe(天气与自然灾害)活动：walk，climb，fall，crawl，taste，attempt，strug

26、gle to ones feet，make ones way to，pick up(人体与动作)情绪：to ones great joy, break down救援：rescue team, doctor, search for, spot(天气与自然灾害)意志品质：calm, courage, will(性格与行为特征)评价：amazing, make it步骤4初稿(分析原文写作风格，特殊语法结构有时间状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、宾语从句、现在分词作状语、直接引语、虚拟语气、倒装、疑问句、感叹句和介词短语等)。步骤5 核查字数、下划线标明原文给出的5个以上关键词语、连接词、标点、

27、语法错误等。One possible version：Paragraph 1：But the helicopter didnt come back again, and the day became darker. Jane was so tired, hungry, and extremely frightened. She thought to herself，“If only I had not quarreled with Tom. Where is Tom? He must have made the emergency call. What indeed is enough cou

28、rage. If I continue my spirits tomorrow, I will be likely to guide the helicopter”Lying beside the stream,_she fell asleep very soon. Suddenly, she heard the shouts of tigers, which made her scared to death. After she held her breath for a few minutes, everything was quiet again. In the terrible dar

29、kness, she slept again. Paragraph 2：Jane woke up at the daybreak. She caught sight of a fisherman at_a_distance,_with whose help she climbed to an open area._To_her_great_joy,_ a helicopter flew overhead just at that moment. The fisherman helped flag her yellow_blouse wildly. This did catch the resc

30、uers attention! Jane was rescued. Seeing Tom, she told him how much she missed him. Never would they be away from each other. Tom gave her the warmest and longest hug she had ever received. People around smiled with satisfaction. A阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。From the first day he entered my classroom, Willard P. Frank existed in his own world, shutting out his classmates and me. My attempts at building a friendly relationship with him were met with complete indifference. I could see that his classmates fared no better. Willard was strictly a loner who