清华附中高二英语M6U4M7U1要点.docx

1、清华附中高二英语M6U4M7U1要点清华附中高二英语M6U4 M7U1要点一重点单词1. refer 过去式：referred 现在分词：referringv. refer to sb./ sth. (1)涉及，提到The professor the president referred to is a famous scientist with admirable courage from the USA.总统提到的教授是位美国有名的科学家，其勇气可嘉。(2)向求助refer to a dictionary/an expert 查阅字典/求助专家=consult the dictionary

2、/an expert(3)refer to sb as 将称为Qintong is referred to as the home of Boating Festival.溱潼被称为会船节之乡。(4) reference n. 提及,涉及a reference book 参考书，工具书with/in reference to 关于I am making a speech with/in reference to the new plan put forward on 15 March.我做了一次关于在3月15日提出的新计划的演讲。2. ambassador the British ambass

3、ador to Greece 英国驻希腊大使3. operate v.(1)操作，运作 operate sth Do you know how to operate the heating system? 你知道怎么操作这加热系统吗? operation n.be in operation运转着，实施中come into operation生效When does the new law come into operation? 这项新法律何时开始生效?putinto operation使生效(2)动手术operate on sb. for sth.为某事给某人动手术The doctor is

4、going to operate on a patient for stomachache.这个大夫将给一个病人做胃疼手术。 perform an operation动手术 operator n.接线员 4.honour (1) V. 使感到荣耀;给荣誉，尊敬honour sb.for因为给予荣誉尊敬某人She will be honoured for her work in promoting friendship between the two countries.她将因在促进两国之间的友谊方面所做的工作而受到表彰。 (2)honoured adj.受尊敬的Were deeply hono

5、ured that you should agree to join us in accumulating the information.你同意跟我们在一起积累信息，我们深感荣幸。feelbe honoured to do sth.做某事深感荣幸(3) honour n.荣誉，尊敬，敬意 It is an honour to hear you speak highly of me. 听见您赞扬我，深感荣幸。 giveshow honour to尊重(敬重)have the honour to do sth.of doing sth.荣幸地干May I have the of your com

6、pany at dinner?in honour of sb.sth.纪念;出于对敬意Washington, a state of the USA, was named in honour of one of the greatest American presidents.(4) honourable adj.可敬的;值得钦佩的一位值得尊敬的顾问an honourable consultant5.purpose n.目的。意图(1)for/with the purpose of为了、带的目的=with the intention of doing sthDid you come to Lon

7、don to see your family, or for business purposes? 你来伦敦是来看望家人，还是公干? (2)achieveaccomplishfulfill a purpose达到目的 (3)answerserve ones purpose符合某人的需要 (4)on purpose(一by design)故意(地) (5)by accident(一by chance)偶然地 一Im sorry l stepped on your toe; it was an accident. 一It wasnt! You did it on purpose. 对不起，我踩了你

8、的脚趾头，我不是故意的。 不，你是存心踩的。.6.cooperate v.合作 cooperate with sb.inon sth.在某方面某事上与某人合作The British cooperated with the French in designing the satellite.英法两国合作设计人造卫星。(2)cooperation n.合作;协作This film was produced in cooperation with Australian.这部影片是同澳大利亚电视台合作制作的。 (3)cooperative adj.合作的;协作的;同心协力的7.touchv碰触，接触T

9、hat paint is wet - dont touch it. (2)n . U 触觉the sense of touch 触觉I found the appropriate key in the dark by touch.在黑暗中我摸索到了那把正确的钥匙。(3)n.接触,联系,碰触=contactget/be in touch with keep in touch withlose touch with be out of touch8. conflict 冲突 be in conflict with 与相冲突，有矛盾9. worthy adj. 令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的

10、a worthy man a worthy life be worthy of sth being done be worthy to be done be well worth doing It is worthwhile to do sth/doing sth 10. labor(1)n / 劳工；劳动；劳力 National Labor Day 国际劳动节 child labor 童工 (2) vi (labored, laboring) labor in the field 在田间劳作11. voluntary （1）adj. 自愿的，志愿的voluntary work 志愿者工作 （

11、2）volunteer n. 自愿（者） （3）v. 主动做某事 volunteer to participate in the 29th Olympics主动参加29届奥运会12. press(1)n 新闻界；记者，新闻工作者；报刊杂志a press conference 记者招待会(2)v压挤with palms pressed together手掌合在一起13.awareness n.意识 (1)raiseincrease awareness of提高对的意识The campaign aims to raise awareness of the dangers of passive sm

12、oking.这项运动的目的是要提高对被动吸烟的危害的认识。 (2)aware adj.知觉的，觉察的be aware of了解知道He claimed that the government was acutely aware of the problem.他声称政府很清楚这个问题。(3)be aware that-clauseI dont think she was well aware that he was married, was she?我认为她对他已婚一事十分清楚，是吗？14.urgent 紧急的;急迫的;迫切的(1)An SOS is an urgent message. 紧急呼

13、救信号They were urgent for the doctor to come.be urgent for sb to do sth 急切地要某人做(2)urgency n. 紧急；急迫 This matter is very urgent. =This is a matter of great urgency(3)urge v 催促；力劝urge sb to do sthurge sb into doing sth 催促，力劝某人做某事The comedian urged us into immediate action.那位喜剧演员催促我们立刻行动。The master thus u

14、rge all young foreigners to remember the famous saying.大师力劝年轻外国人们牢记那句名言。15.1ack 缺乏，不足，没有(1)vt. lack sthHes good at his job but he seems to lack confidence. 他善于工作，但似乎缺乏信心。(2)vi lack inIm afraid hes somewhat lacking in intelligence. 恐怕他智力有点欠缺。(3) n. lack offor lack of sth.因缺少The psychologist show grea

15、t sympathy for the disabled animals that soon died for lack of water. 那位心理学家对那些因缺水而死亡的残疾动物深表同情。16. setset out出发;开始;打算;陈述 (1)set out for动身前往(2)set out to do sth.着手做某事Theyll set out in search of the lost child. 他们出发去寻找那个丢失了的孩子。We set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part.我们为油漆整

16、座房子开始干起来，但只完成了前面部分。 (3)set about doing sth.着手做某事 (4)set off(for)出发动身启程(去);燃放，引起 (5)set down放下，写下，记下 (6)set aside拨出，留出，搁置，不理会 (7)set sail for起航去(8)be set in以为背景 (9)set up成立，建立 (10) set sb. a good example 给某人树立一个榜样(11) set sth. on fire/set fire to sth. 纵火烧 (12) set foot in/on 踏上17.remote be remote fro

17、m sp/sth 远离；偏离in the remote village 偏远小山村 remote control panel 遥控器18.accessible adj.可接近的，可得到的(1)be accessible to易得到的，易找到的;易到达的The island is accessible only by boat. 这岛只有乘小艇才能去。(2)access取得或接近的权利、机会、方法;通路。Students need easy access to books. 要使学生很方便就能借到图书。The only means of access to the building is alo

18、ng a narrow, muddy track.进入这座建筑物的唯一通道是一条泥泞的小路。 (3)havegain access to获得的机会权利 19. remind y.提醒，使想起 (1)remind sb. ofabout sth.使某人想起某事Ive forgotten his namewill you remind me of it?我忘了他的名字，你提醒我一下好吗? (2)remind sb.thatclause使某人想起(某事)，提醒某人(某事)She reminded me that I hadnt written to Mother. 她提醒我还没给母亲写信。 (3)r

19、emind sb.to do sth.使某人想起干某事;提醒某人干某事Remind me to write to Mother. 请提醒我给母亲写信。 (4)reminder提醒记忆之物;提示信件 词语辨析：remind，recall与remember (1)remind sb.of sth.提醒，使想起 (2)recall sb.to sth.使人回忆起 (3)remember记得20. collection 捐款；收藏收集这些珍贵的邮票花费了专家十年时间。The collection of these precious stamps cost the specialist ten year

20、s.a collection of的收集The museum has a fine collection of modern official-looking pictures.这家博物馆有许多现代貌似官方的图片。21. face(1)face the difficulty/dilemma面对困难The skilled assistant turned to face the newcomer and introduced herself.熟练的助手转身面对新来的人作了自我介绍。(2)be faced with sth.面临;面对The country is now faced with th

21、e prospect of the war. 这个国家目前正面临战争。(3)face(to the)east朝向东边The building faces northtowards the north. 这建筑物朝北。22. expense n花费代价(1)spare no expense in doing sth=spare no efforts 不惜一切代价做某事The nongovernmental organization spared no expense in helping us preserve atmosphere. 该非政府组织全力帮助我们保护大气。(2)at the exp

22、ense of sth 牺牲以.为代价=at the cost of sthThe manager accomplished the goal at the expenses of his health. 经理以牺牲他的健康为代价完成了目标。23.break break down出故障，抛锚;垮了身体;分解;失败;不成功(1)Unfortunately, the car broke down. 不幸的是，汽车抛锚了。(2)Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.人体内的化学物质把食物分解成有用的成分。 (

23、3)The peace talks broke down without any agreement being reached. 和谈失败了，没有达成任何协议。 (4)The old cars were broken down for their metal and parts. 这些旧汽车被拆掉为的是利用其金属和零件。 (1)break away(from)与脱离;与断绝关系;打破(陈规陋习)(2)break up分解，解放;分裂;击碎;使停止;结束Their marriage broke up after they had been married for ten years.他们的婚姻

24、在结婚10年后破裂了。The police used tear gas to break up the crowd. 警察用催泪瓦斯驱散群众。 (3)break out(vi.)(战争、火灾、瘟疫等)爆发 (4)break into突然发出;闯入 (5)break in打断，闯入;使驯服;引进，吸收 (6)break off中断，折断 (7)break the rule违反规定 (8)break through突围，冲垮24. fetch v.取来;去拿来 (1)Run and fetch the doctor! 跑去把医生请来!Could you fetch me a clean shirt

25、 from my bedroom?你能替我从寝室里拿一件干净的衬衫来吗? 词语辨析：fetch，bring，take，carry与get (1)fetch意为”去拿来”，指到别处去取东西或找人然后带回来。(一去一来两个过程) Please fetch me a clean coat from my bedroom. 请到我的卧室给我拿一件干净的外套。 (2)bring意为”带来”，方向是朝着说话人所在之处的。 (只有来一个过程) Bring your exercise-books here tomorrow. 明天把你的练习本带到这儿来。 (3)take意为”带走”，即将东西从说话者处拿走。(

26、只有去一个过程) Take this empty box away.把这个空盒子拿走吧。 (4)carry意为”随身携带”，方向不定。He always carries an umbrella with him in case of rain. 他总是随身带把伞以防下雨。 (5)get主要用于口语中，与fetch基本相同。 We must get him home.我们必须把他带回家。25. occupation n.职业;占有;消遣;业余活动 (1)occupy 占有，充满be occupied with sth/in doing 忙于干某事他忙于筹备婚礼招待会。 He is occupie

27、d in preparing for the wedding reception. (2)occupy ones mind萦绕在某人脑海中26.means C方法n. 手段，方法(可数名词单复数同形)那位经济学家和那位环境学者无法交流尽管他们都作出了巨大努力。The economist and the environmentalist had no means of communication, regardless of valuable efforts they had mad. (1)means作”方法”讲时单复数同形。单复数同形的词还有：species种类;series系列等means

28、常用短语:by this means=in this way=with this method通过这种方法by all means当然可以“May I borrow this book?”“By all means.”by no means (ALSO not by any means)not at all: 决不The guilty technician admitted in public that it was by no means certain that well finish the project by June. 内疚的技术员公开承认到到六月份完成该项目是绝对不可能的。27.

29、 commitment n. 承诺，保证(1)V. commit (过去式：committed)犯(错误), 干(坏事), 把.交托给, 提交, 答应负责commit sb/sth to 交托;交付commit an escaped criminal to prison 将一逃犯送进监狱commit oneself to do sth 承诺答应负责 He has committed himself to support his brothers children. 他答应供养兄弟的孩子。commit suicide 自杀28. flee v.逃跑;逃避 (fled,fled)flee from

30、 . tointo 从逃跑到(1)The audience fled in panic when the bull got loose. 那只公牛挣开了束缚，吓得观众急忙四散逃走。Thousands of refugees had fled across the border to America.成千上万的难民越过边境逃到美国。29. diedie from死于(1)die out(物种)灭绝;(风俗习惯)消失The practice of children working in factories has nearly died out.工厂中使用童工的做法已几乎绝迹。(2)die off(家族等)相继死去直至死光As she got older and older, her relatives all died off. 随着她越来越老，她的亲属都相继去世了。 (3)die downaway变弱;平息;消失;熄灭 (4)die backdown(草木)枯萎;凋谢 (5)diedeath以方式死亡 (6)die young年轻时死去 指点迷津：(1)die from diseasea woundoverworkan unknown cause死于疾病外伤过度劳累不明原因(多指外部未知原因)(2)die of死于内因(情感、饥饿、疾病、寒冷、年老等)，后常