新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册Unit8单词解释及例句.docx

1、新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册Unit8单词解释及例句New wordsUnit 8 TEXT Agender n.C, U the fact of being male or female 性别Some research tells us that between ages two and five, children become aware of gender. 有研究告诉我们，孩子在2岁到5岁之间开始对性别有所认识。variable n.C sth. that may be different in different situations, so that you cannot

2、be sure what will happen 易变的事；可变因素With so many variables, the exact cost of this experiment is difficult to estimate. 有这么多可变因素，这项实验的确切成本难以估算。a.likely to change often 易变的；多变的These charges and interest rates are variable and the Bank reserves the right to change them. 这些费用和利率是可变的，本银行保留更改的权利。contradict

3、ion n.C a difference between two statements, beliefs, or ideas about sth. that means they cannot both be true 矛盾；不一致It is a contradiction to say you support him but would not vote for him in the election. 你说你支持他，但选举时又不会选他，这是自相矛盾的。intimate a.having an extremely close friendship亲密的；密切的Katie has been o

4、n intimate terms with Jane since college. 凯蒂从大学开始就和简关系亲密。magnetic a.1 abletoattractand interestpeople verystrongly有吸引力的；有魅力的His magnetic personality made him an influential political figure. 他富有魅力的个性使他成为了一位有影响力的政治人物。2 capableofattractingiron objects有磁性的；有磁力的The magnetic bulletin board has become the

5、 childrens favorite, on which they often display their creative drawings.磁性公告板成为孩子们的心爱之物。他们经常在上面展示自己 富有创造力的画作。sensitive a.1 abletounderstandotherpeoplesfeelingsandproblems善解人意的；体恤的Her own experiences had made her sensitive to other peoples troubles. 她的个人经历使她懂得体恤别人的难处。2 easilyupsetoroffended byevents

6、orthingsthatpeople say敏感的；容易生气的After their own defeat, people in this country are sensitive about the topic of war.战败后，这个国家的人们对战争的话题很敏感。Throughout her career she remained very sensitive to criticism. 在她整个职业生涯中，她总是对批评很敏感。deliberate a.intended, not done by chance or by accident 故意的；有意的；蓄意的Obviously, i

7、t was more of a deliberate crime than an accident. 很显然, 这与其说是一场事故，不如说是蓄意犯罪。comparison n.C, U the process of considering how things or people are similar and how they are different比较Comparison with his previous movies shows how Lee has developed as a director. 比较一下他先前拍摄的电影，就可以看到李作为一名导演的成长历程。The weath

8、er in Shanghai these days are very changeable in comparison with the same period lastyear. 和去年同时期相比，这些天上海的天气极其多变。ritualn. C, U1 sth. thatyou doregularlyand alwaysin the same way例行公事；老规矩；老习惯I start to read English aloud first thing after I get up in the morning and that has become a ritual. 我早晨起床后第一件

9、事就是开始朗读英语，这已成为习惯。2 aformalceremony正式仪式；典礼The shift change between groups of officers assigned to guarding the palace is a solemn ritual. 负责守卫宫殿的卫士之间的换岗是一项庄严的仪式。motion n.1 U theprocessoraction ofmoving运动；移动He invented a camera which could take pictures of people and animals in motion.他发明了一种可以拍摄移动中的人和

10、动物的照相机。Pull this handle to set the machine in motion. 拉这个把手来把机器发动起来。2 C asinglemovementofyour handorhead, esp.onemadein ordertocommunicate sth.（手或头的）示意动作；手势He asked me to step forward with a motion of his hand. 他打了个手势要我走到前面去。sequencen. C, U1 a setofrelatedthingsthathappenorarearranged in aparticular

11、order一连串；连续The police asked the witness to describe the sequence of events that evening. 警方让目击者描述一下那晚发生的一连串事件。2 theorderin which asetofthingshappensorisarranged顺序；次序；先后The keys have to be turned in a particular sequence to open the safe. 要按照特定顺序转动钥匙才能打开保险箱。deficiencyn. C, U (fml.)1 a lackofsth. that

12、isnecessary不足；缺乏Women suffering from iron deficiency can take supplements in the form of tablets.缺铁的女性可以通过服用营养片来进行补充。2 aweaknessorfaultinsth.缺点；毛病If students dont study their lessons as they were told, deficiencies will show up quickly when they take an exam.学生们如果不按要求学习课程，那么考试的时候他们的不足马上就会暴露出来。narrat

13、ive n.C (fml.) a description of events in a story, esp. in a novel叙述；记叙There is nothing remarkable about the narrative, which is about a traditional love triangle. 故事讲述的是老套的三角恋，没有什么特别出彩的地方。retreat vi.1 move awayfromsb.orsth. 后退；离开；退避A firefighter tried to get into the burning house, but he was force

14、d to retreat by the intense heat. 一名消防员试图冲进燃烧的屋子里， 但却因为巨大的热浪而不得不退了回来。2 moveawayfromtheenemyafter being defeated in battle撤退The enemy retreated to the mountains. 敌人撤退到了山里。steer v.control the direction in which a vehicle moves掌舵；驾驶Our garage door isnt very wide and its quite difficult to steer the car

15、 through it. 我们的车库门不是很宽，要把车开进去有点儿困难。vt.guide sb.s behavior or the way a situation develops引导；指导He managed to steer the conversation away from his divorce.他设法把话题从他的离婚事件上引开。steeringn.U the parts of a car, boat, etc. that allow you to control its direction （汽车、船等的）转向装置， 操纵装置The driver was accused of ru

16、nning red lights and crossing hands on the steering wheel. 那个司机被指控闯红灯以及双手交叉着握方向盘。intact a.(not before noun) not broken, damaged, or spoiled完好无损的；未受损伤的The tornado destroyed our garden but left our house intact. 龙卷风毁坏了我们的花园，但是我们的房子却完好无损。missionn. C1 animportantjobthatsb.hasbeengiventodo, esp. whenthey

17、aresentto anotherplace重要任务；使命Apollo 17 was the final mission of the United Statess Apollo lunar landing program. 阿波罗17 号是美国阿波罗登月计划中的最后一次任务。2 sth. thatyoufeel youmustdo because itisyourduty职责；天职；使命Her work at the charity organization was more than just a job; she made it her mission in life. 她在慈善机构的工

18、作不仅仅是一份工作，她把它看成自己的人生使命。evident a.easy to see, notice, or understand 明显的；明白的From the look on Jills face it was evident that the news came as a complete shock. 从吉尔脸上的表情看来，这个消息显然令她十分震惊。utter vt.(fml.) say sth. 讲；说出Everyone ignored the warnings that he uttered. 大家都把他作出的警告当成耳旁风。inevita ble a.certain to h

19、appen and impossible to avoid 必然发生的；难以避免的As long as nuclear reactors exist, the hazard of radiation is inevitable.只要核反应堆存在，辐射的危险就不可避免。inevitablyad.必然发生地；难以避免地Inevitably, the situation did not please everyone.这种局势必定不能让所有人都感到满意。microphone n.C a piece of equipment that you speak into to record your voi

20、ce or make it louder when you are speaking or performing in public麦克风；话筒；传声器；扩音器spill vi.( out of/from) if people spill out of a place, they move out in large groups （人群）涌出During the break time, students began to spill out of the building. 课间休息的时候，学生们开始涌出大楼。vt.accidentally pour a liquid out of its c

21、ontainer （意外地）使溢出，使泼洒，使溅出He carried the cup across the room, walking carefully for fear of spilling the tea. 他端着杯子小心翼翼地穿过房间，生怕把茶洒出来。elaborate a.1 carefullyplanned andorganized in greatdetail精心制作的Today, many companies will conduct elaborate market research before they introduce newproducts. 如今，许多公司在推

22、出新产品之前都会先进行精心的市场调查。2 havingalotofsmall partsordetailsputtogetherinacomplicatedway详尽的；复杂的With this method, you can produce really elaborate designs with the simplest machines. 通过这种方法，你可以用最简单的机器做出极其复杂的设计。The chemical make-up of coal is very elaborate. 煤的化学成分极其复杂。vi.give more details or information abo

23、ut sth. 详尽说明；阐述He said he was not coming to the party, but he did not elaborate on his reasons.他说他不来参加聚会了，但是没有细说原因。drama n.1 C, U sth. unusualorexcitingthathappens戏剧性事件His life was full of dramas, exciting travel adventures, and personal idealism. 他的生活充满了戏剧性事件、刺激的旅行冒险经历和个人理想主义。accidents, burst pipes

24、, and other domestic dramas意外事故、水管爆裂及其他家庭生活中的戏剧性事件2 C a playforthetheater, television, orradio戏剧；电视剧；广播剧She played a major role in a new TV drama. 她在一部新的电视剧中饰演主角。rigida.1 unabletomove becauseofa strongemotionsuch asfearoranger（因强烈的感情而）僵硬的，僵直的I heard a noise and woke up rigid with fear. 我听到一个声音惊醒过来，吓

25、得浑身僵直。2 (ofmethods, systems, etc.) verystrictand difficulttochange（方法、体制等）严格死板的，僵化的Some students complained about the rigid rules and regulations at school. 有些学生抱怨学校的规章制度太死板。3 veryunwillingtochange yourideasorbehavior顽固的；不通融的Crossed arms may show a rigid state of mind, not open to interaction. 双臂交叉可

26、能表示思想刻板，不愿交流。farewell n.C, U (old-fashioned) the action of saying goodbye告别The company rewarded him for his years of service with a grand farewell party and severalpresents. 公司用一场隆重的欢送派对和一些礼物来回报他多年的服务。abrupt a.sudden and unexpected 突然的；出其不意的Cautious people might feel more comfortable with a gradual

27、rather than an abrupt change. 相对于突然的变化，谨慎的人可能更乐意接受逐步的变化。abruptlyad.突然地；出其不意地The chat was abruptly discontinued as the boss entered the meeting room. 老板走进会议室时，闲谈戛然而止。panic n.C, U a sudden strong feeling of fear or nervousness that makes you unable to think clearly or behave sensibly 惶恐；惊恐；惊慌She was f

28、illed with panic when she entered the empty dark room. 她走进那个黑洞洞的空房间时， 内心充满了惶恐。v.(panicked, panicking) suddenly feel so frightened that you cannot think clearly or behave sensibly, or make sb. do this （使）恐慌；（使）惊慌失措Hearing a war was breaking out, many people were panicked into buying a lot of things f

29、or storage.听说要打仗了，许多人很恐慌，购买了很多东西储藏起来。splash vi.(alsoabout/around)makewaterflyupintheairwithaloudnoisebyhittingitorbymoving around in it 哗啦哗啦地使水飞溅I enjoy watching my kids splashing in the water. 我喜欢看着我的孩子们在水里嬉戏。scare vt.make sb. feel frightened or worried吓唬；使惊恐；使害怕I dont want to scare you, but we sho

30、uld all be prepared for natural disasters to happen. 我不想吓唬你，但是我们都应该作好准备，应对自然灾害的发生。scareda.frightened or worried 惊恐的；害怕的；担忧的I was glad that Id been chosen for the national speech contest, but at the same time I was also pretty scared. 我很高兴被选中参加全国演讲比赛，但同时我也觉得相当害怕。spontaneous a.happeninginanaturalwaywi

31、thoutbeingplannedorthoughtabout自然发生的；一时冲动的；自发的Herwordswerespontaneous and obviouslynotplanned.她的发言是即兴的，显然不是事先准备好的。spontaneouslyad.自然发生地；一时冲动地；自发地To her surprise, the children rose to stand in a line spontaneously, ready to take part in the activity.让她感到惊奇的是，孩子们自发地起身站成一排，准备参加这项活动。transparent a.1 hone

32、stand open直率的；坦诚的William was transparent; he did not bother to hide his true thoughts. 威廉很直率，他不愿隐藏自己的真实想法。2 (ofglass, plastic, etc.) allowingyou to seethroughit透明的；清澈的The plants are in a transparent plastic box, so children can see the roots growing. 植物放在一个透明的塑料盒里，所以孩子们能看到根的生长。3 simple,clear, andeasytou