最全初一下英语总复习.docx

1、最全初一下英语总复习七年级下知识点梳理1.冠词课前小测：请分别用定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词填空1) play _guitar 2) play_chess 3) _univesity 4) _hour5) _umbrella要点讲解：1、冠词分类及读法： 英语中冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用。2、不定冠词a / an的用法：不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。不定冠词的基本用法：(1) 表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。如：There is a dog lying on the

2、 ground.(有一只狗躺在地上。)(2) 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如：A elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。)(3) 表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如：He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教师。)(4) 表示“一”这个数量。如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)(5) 几个用不定冠词的习语：a bit(一点), a little(一点), a fe

3、w(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿,等等。3、定冠词the的用法：定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。定冠词的基本用法：(1) 表示特指的人或事物。如：The man with a flower in his hand

4、is Jack.(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)(2) 指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如：Look at the blackboard, Lily.(莉莉,请看黑板。)(3) 复述前面提到过的人或事物。如：There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(树下有个人, 那个人叫罗伯特。)(4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：The earth turns around the sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。)(5) 用在表示方位的名词前面。如：There will be strong wind to the south of the Ya

5、ngtze River.(长江以南地 区将会刮大风。)(6) 在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如：Who is the first one to go?(谁第一个去？) / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近)(7) 常用在乐器名称的前面。如：He began to play the violin at the age of 5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)(8) 用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如：I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我从

6、来没有去过喜马拉雅山)(9) 用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。如：He is from the United States of America.(他来自美利坚合众国)(10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如：The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(下个月格林一家要去峨眉山)(11)same之前一般用the。如：Lucy and Lily look the same.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)(12)几个用定冠词的习语：at the same time (与此同时),make the bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all th

7、e time(一直),by the way(顺便说一下),on the way(在路上)等等。 4、一些不用冠词的情况：(1) 专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如：China is a very large country.(中国是个大国) / Man needs air and water.(人类需要空气和水) (2) 名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如：My pen is much more expensive than yours.(我的钢笔比你的昂贵多了)(3) 周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如：He was born on Monday, Febru

8、ary 18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一) / They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他们通常在山上植树)(4) (第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如：Men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聪明)(5) 三餐饭前不用。如：We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)(6) 节、假日前一般不用。如：On Childrens Day the boys often get presents f

9、rom their parents.(在儿童节,这些男孩经常得到父母的礼物)(7) 球类名词前不用。如：The children play football on Saturday afternoons.(孩子们星期六下午踢足球)(8) 城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。如：They are now at Peoples Cinema.(他们此刻在人民电影院) (9) 一些习惯用语中不用。如： at / to / from / out of / after / for school; in / to / for / after class; in / to / out of / into be

10、d; after / at/ from / out of / to work; at / to sea; in / from / down / to town; at / from home; at / for / to breakfast/lunch/supper; at night/noon/midnight; on foot; go to school/bed; on top of; in front of; on show/display/duty/watch; in / out of hospital; at all; on/in time; at first/last/once;

11、in Chinese/English,etc.; take care of 巩固练习：1. In order to make it clear, I must go up to _ second floor and ask him _ second time.（05呼和浩特）A. the; a B. the; the C. a; the D. a; a2. What does your father do?(05南京) He is _ art teacher. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填3. There is _ report in todays newspaper. It

12、s about the International Film Festival, Shanghai.（05上海）A a B an C the D /4. Jack bought useful book. Book is also very interesting.（05天津）A an; The B a; The C an; A D a; A5. Where is_ math teacher?(06厦门)Hes talking with Sams father over there. A. a B. an C. the D. /6. This is _ film Ive told you abo

13、ut several times.（05扬州）Its great. Ive never seen _ more moving one. A. a, a B. the, the C. the, a D. a, the7. Xiao Hua doesnt like music, but he likes _music of Mice Love Rice.（06南平） A. / B.a C. the D. an8.Ellen,you look so happy.(06长春) Well,Ive got A in my history test.A.a B.an C.the D.不填9. He is h

14、onest boy, so we all like him.（06泸州） A. a B. an C. the10. Could you tell me _ answer to this problem? I cant work it out myself.（06南通）A. a B. an C. the D. 不填11. James likes to play _ violin and _ chess when he is free.（06厦门）A. the, / B. / , the C. the， the12.Millie has e-dog and its name is Hobo.（06

15、南京） A.a B.an C.the D.不填13.This is song Ive told you about. Isnt it beautiful one?（06滨州） A.the; a B.the; the C.a; a D.a; the14. In the United States, Fathers Day falls on _ third Sunday in _ June.（06徐州）A. the; 不填 B. the; a C. 不填; the D. a; 不填15.-Who is man with glasses?（06舟山） -Oh, hes our new English

16、 teacher, Mr Li. A. a B. an C. the D/16Dont talk to Simon like that. He is only _ eleven yearold boy（07南京）Aa Ban Cthe D不填17.-Do you know Taiwan, Jenny?（07福州）-Yes, of course. Taiwan is _ island. It belongs to China.Aa Ban Cthe D不填18. This is _ only expensive dress Ive got.（07杭州） A. a B. an C. the D.

17、不填19.Do you enjoy your school life?（07怀化） Yes, of course. Ive had _wonderful time here. A. the B. a C. an20.Its _easy job. I think you can do it by yourself.(07长春) A. a B. an C. the D./21There is _park in the centre of the city （07济南）A a B an C the D /22. Peter likes playing football very much, but

18、he doesnt like _ football I bought for him on his birthday.（07兰州） A the，the B， C. the， D./ ; the 23. -You have dropped _ “s” in the word necessary. -Oh, _ letter “s” is doubled.（07攀枝花） A. a; a B. a; the C. an; the D. the; the24Do you know university student who is talking with Joe?（07成都）Yes，shes my

19、cousin，Kate Aa Ban Cthe25. What are you going to be when you grow up?（08常德） I hope to be _ astronaut. A. a B. the C. an26. Yesterday _ 8-year-old boy fell into the river. _ boy was saved by a policeman.（08逐鹿）A. an; A B. an; The C. a; The D. a; An 27 youngest leader in China is man called Lu Hao（08汕头

20、） AThe；a BA；the CA；a DAn；all28. People often go skating in _ winter.（08孝感）A. / B. a C. an D. the 29. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _ hour to go there by bus.（08娄底） A. the B. a C. an30. Do you know _ woman in pink over there?（宿迁） Yes. She is _ office worker of Lijing Hotel.A. a; an B

21、. the; the C. a; the D. the; an2.join，join in ，take part in 课前小测Q:你晓得join,join in,take part in 区别是啥子吗？A：要点讲解：join in =take part in +活动名称join +组织join +sb+(in )doing sth 和某人一起做某事巩固练习：用join ,join in,take part in 填空1. When did your brother _ the army?2. She _ the Young Pioneers. 3. Why didnt you _ the t

22、alk last night?4. We often _ physical labor. 5. He”ll _ us in singing the song.6. Will you _ us in the discussion?keys1. join 2. joined 3. join in/take part in 4. join in /take part in 5. join 6. join in /take part in 3.情态动词课前小测：Bob _be in the classroom before morning classes begins.A.must B.cant C.

23、 can 要点讲解：1.常见的情态动词can (could) ,may (might), must ,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。 2.can表示体力、脑力方面的能力或客观的可能性。情态动词“can”的过去式是“could”,否定式是“cannot”通常缩写成“cant”,“could”的否定式是“could not”,通常缩写成“couldnt”。如：Can I help you?(要帮忙吗？)He can swim.(他会游泳)That cant be Mr Li.(那不可能是李先生)3. may表示允许、请求或可能性,用ma

24、y提问时,肯定回答一般用Certainly或Yes,you may.;否定回答一般用cant或mustnt. 如：May I ask you a question?Certainly.(可以问你一个问题吗？当然可以)/ You may go now.(现在你可以走了) It may be in your pocket.(它可能在你的衣袋里)4. must表示“必须”、“一定”的意思。表示“必须”时否定形式是mustnt；表示“一定”时,否定形式是“cant”如：We must be very careful when we cross the road.(我们过马路时一定要非常小心)/It m

25、ust be Jack.(那准是杰克)I havent seen Kate today. She cant be here.(我今天没有看到过凯特,她不可能在这里) 注意用must(必须)进行提问时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用neednt；用must(一定)进行提问时,肯定回答仍用must,但是否定回答用cant.如：Must we clean the room before we leave? Yes,you must.或No,you neednt.(我们走之前必须要打扫房间吗？是的,必须打扫。/ 不,不需要。) /Must she be in the romm? Yes,she mus

26、t.或No,she cant.(她一定在房间里吗？是的,一定。/ 不,不可能在。)5. “have to”表示“不得不”、“必须”。Well have to leave now for it is very late at night.have to的疑问形式是：助动词+have to,否定形式是：助动词+not+have to或者用neednt.如：Do you have to stay until 8 oclock?(你得呆到8点钟吗？) You dont have to do so.(=You neednt do so.)(你不用这么做)6.had better (do)(“最好是”)一

27、般也当作情态动词使用,否定式是：had better not (do).如：Youd better sit here and say nothing.(你最好坐在这儿不讲话)Youd better not speak because he is sleeping.(你最好不要讲话因为他正在睡觉) 巩固练习：一、用can, may, must, need, have to, had better的适当形式填空： 1. You _ return the library book on time. 2. I _ (not) find the way to the hospital. _ you sh

28、ow me the way?3. _ I finish the work right now? No, you _ (not). You _ do it later.4. He said he _ (not) come tonight. 5. Her mother was ill. She _ stay at home and look after her. 6. Its time for class. You _ stop playing football or you _ be late for class. 7. We _ start right now, or they would g

29、et there first. keys:1. must2. cant /can 3. must ,neednt.can 4. could 5. must /has to 6. had better ,may 7. had better 二、选择填空： 1. John _ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must 2. This book _ Lucys. Look! Her name is on the books cover. A. cant be B. may be C. mustnt be D. must be3. _ I finish the work today? No, you _. A. Must, cant B. Must, neednt C. May, neednt D. Can, mustnt 4. Wh